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Steam Engine
The steam engine was invented by Thomas Savery and used steam as a working liquid to push a piston. The steam engine was put into trains and boats which allowed for the trains and boats to be bigger and travel longer distances transporting people or goods. https://www.britannica.com/technology/steam-engine -
Spinning Jenny
The spinning jenny made it possible to produce multiple threads of yarn at once. This cut down on the amount of people needed to work at once making yarn but increased the need for slaves and cotton. https://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/inventions/spinning-jenny.htm#:~:text=The%20spinning%20jenny%20was%20invented,labor%20and%20were%20time%20consuming. -
Water Frame
The water frame improved upon the spinning jenny by using water as the energy source and by making stronger threads. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/richard-arkwright/#:~:text=Arkwright%20is%20best%20known%20for,because%20the%20thread%20was%20stronger. -
Cotton Gin
The cotton gin was a machine that could remove a cotton seed from the plant. This machine eliminated the tedious task of trying to separate the two allowing for more cotton to be picked per day. https://www.history.com/topics/inventions/cotton-gin-and-eli-whitney -
Photograph
The first camera used camera obscura to capture images onto bitumen-coated pewter plates. It often took a while to capture the images due to the lack of light-sensitive material. https://news.smugmug.com/when-was-photography-invented-a-brief-timeline-of-photographic-history-f883c79c405f -
Telegraph
The telegraph was a machine capable of sending morse code messages long distance. It was extremely beneficial in wars as it allowed friendly troops to communicate with each other. https://www.history.com/topics/inventions/telegraph -
Sewing Machine
The sewing machine decreased the amount of manual labor needed to sew for clothing companies. The sewing was done faster so more sewing could be done in a day. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/the-many-many-designs-of-the-sewing-machine-2142740/#:~:text=In%20France%2C%20the%20first%20mechanical,to%20produce%20a%20chain%20stitch. -
Electric Motor and generator
The electrical motor was the first machine to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. The electric generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy and was able to be used to power homes since people were starting to shift from candles to lightbulbs. https://www.britannica.com/list/inventors-and-inventions-of-the-industrial-revolution -
Steel Plow
The steel plow was a big invention during its time. It allowed people to cultivate soil much more easily due to steel being lighter and stronger than iron and wood. It was really useful in midwestern states where soil was dense https://www.britannica.com/list/inventors-and-inventions-of-the-industrial-revolution -
Anesthesia
Anesthesia is a drug that reduces the pain someone feels. This was a breakthrough in medical technology as now doctors could give people a drug so people don't feel much pain while undergoing surgical operations. https://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/the-painful-story-behind-modern-anesthesia#:~:text=One%20of%20the%20truly%20great,anesthetic%20to%20a%20surgical%20patient.