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The Transatlantic Slave Trade
The Transatlantic Slave Trade was still going in 1750, it was between Europe, Africa and the Americas. The Europeans gave Africa textiles, rum and manufactured goods and in return, the Europeans would take slaves and transfer them to the Americas. The Americas would then give the Europeans sugar, tobacco and cotton for the slaves. The slave’s occupations were either farmers, merchants, soldiers or goldsmiths. This is why who here terms like ‘African- American’ or ‘African- European.’ -
Abolishment of the Slave Trade
The campaign to terminate slavery began in the 1760’s. In 1833, anti- slavery societies were discovered in America and many of these Americans realised that it was important to embrace the principles of the Declaration of Independence. This states that every human has the right to life, liberty and happiness. It took an immense amount of time after that to terminate the trade, it wasn’t until 1833 when the trade was cancelled in Britain and 32 year after that it was cancelled in America in 1865 -
The Social Contract
The Social Contract or the Du Contract Social was published by Rousseau in 1762. It declares that people have the right to freedom and happiness regardless if they were rich or poor. It was created because there was disorder in the Social Hierarchy and the Social Rankings. The Social Contract brought order and justice to the hierarchy. Any government that abused these simple rights was unjustified and was ought to be executed. -
First Fleet at Sydney Cove
Two years after James Cook first landed on the east coast of Australia, the British government decided to start a convict settlement in New South Wales, Australia. This allowed England to claim Australia before Spain and France. In the First Fleet there were eleven ships that would take the 8 month voyage from England to Australia. Approximately 1500 men, women and children set sail on the 12th of May 1787. They arrived at Sydney Cove on the 26th of January 1788. This started a New World -
The Smallpox Vaccination
Edward Jenner (1749- 1823), through intense research came up with a hypothesis the people that had caught harmless cowpox disease could not catch the fatal smallpox disease. Edward Jenner tested his theory on his gardener’s 8 year old son, James Phillips. Jenner knew that James would catch mild symptoms of the cowpox disease, weeks after James showed no signs of the deadly disease. Since then, smallpox vaccination programs were spread over Europe. After then smallpox fatality rates decreased. -
Myall Creek Massacre
On June 10th 1838 in NSW a group of British ranchers came across 28 Aboriginal men, women and children on the Myall Creek farm while the owner was away. They convicted them of killing one of their own men. As a result they shot them and then burnt them. The owner of the farm discovered the deaths of the Aboriginals and contacted the police. 7 of the stockmen went to trial and were convicted and hanged. These were the first Australians killed for murder of Aboriginals. -
Caroline Chisholm
(Born on the 30/5/1808). Caroline Chisholm journeyed to Sydney, Australia in September 1838. When she arrived she noticed many immigrant women sleeping in the streets or in bushland. When she noticed she established a home for unemployed female immigrants and tried to find occupations for them. Every time a new ship arrived, after the 10 days, she would take all the unemployed women and tried to find them jobs. She returned to England in 1846, by then she helped over 10000 women to find jobs. -
Birth of Australian Football
Aussie Rules Football was created in Melbourne. It had forty players on each team and the games lasted for five hours. They first used a round ball but the game was used to keep cricket players fit through winter. The first 2 teams were Scotch College and Melbourne Grammar School. Now the game is played between two separate teams of 18 players with 4 on the bench. A match has four 20 minutes quarters. The major league is the Australian Football League (AFL). They now use an oval shape ball. -
Edmund Barton
Edmund Barton was born on 18 January 1849, Glebe, Sydney. He was the first ever Prime Minister of Australia. He was elected Prime Minister on the 1st of January, 1901. He led the Protectionist party in parliament. He was educated at Sydney Grammar School from 1859 to 1864. He then went to the University of Sydney from 1865 to 1868. He died on the 7th January 1920, at the age of 71. -
Franz Ferndinand Assasination
Archduke Franz Ferdinand was heir to the Austro- Hungarian throne. He was visiting Sarajevo with his wife. A Serbian nationalist, Gavrilo Princip shot Ferdinand and his wife from point blank range while the famous couple was in there car. This started and caused World War I. It meant that Germany, Austria- Hungary and Italy went to war with Great Britain, Russia and France. -
ANZAC Gallipoli Campaign
The Gallipoli campaign was a brutal fight for the ANZAC’s. They landed at ANZAC Cove on the 25th of April 1915. The Turkish soldiers were ready for the ANZAC’s and the Turks had the advantage of the higher ground. The ANZAC Forces were under command by Lieutenant General William Birdwood. By the end of the campaign ANZAC casualties calculated to 26 111. The campaign was a complete and utter failure but we commemorate this day because we thank the ANZAC soldiers for sacrificing their life for us. -
The End of WWI
On November 11th 1918, Germany was a lone army, there alliance countries (Austria- Hungary, Italy) all signed armistices to conclude their parts in the war. Germany was under attack by the US forces, France and the British for one last push towards the German border. The Germans tired and losing men by the thousands decided to sign an armistice with the other countries to end World War I. This was the end to a four year long war that collected many casualties from different countries.
