-
Holy war fought between Christians and Muslims.
They were fighting for the Holy Land, Palenstine.
Extended trade routs gained from the Crusades. -
France had the upperhand againts England.
The war was back and forth but the English were the victors at the end. -
Killed most of the population of Europe.
Poor turned into wealthy because they put in labor and the rich people didn't have workers.
This made the people start to question the ways of the church. -
Was a period of art and humanism.
Many differrent artists became famous during this period of time.
Led to people revolting against the church -
Zhu Yuanzhang and his army overthrew the previous Mongol ruler.
The emipre lasted until 1644, nearly 300 years.
He eliminated Mongol ways and restored them back to the trsaditional Chinese ways. -
There were 7 voyages by the Zheng He.
They looked for treasure and wealth goods. -
Joan was 19 when she was burned at the stake.
She had visions and was able to help her country in the war.
She was burned because she was believed to be a witch. -
The leader of the Ottomans was Mehmed II, he was only 21
It took the 21 year old ruler 2 months to break down the walls of Constantinople. -
First book he made was the Bible.
Translated 95 Theses from Latin to German.
He didn't invent the first printer but he is the most known. -
All Jews that did not convert to Christianity were expelled from Spain.
Jews who did not convert went to North Africa, teh Americas, and the Netherlands.
Some jews that converted to Christianity secretely practiced Judaism in their house -
He finally found someone to finance his voyage, the King and Queen of Spain
Landed on San Salvador on October 12th,1492.
The voyage took him 4 months and his crew began to question his sanity. -
He set out for India in 1497, in search for a trade route.
He made it to India stopping at several African ports and trading goods.
The voyage took him 10 months but he was in no hurry to get there. -
Slaves were taken to be sold and they worked on plantations.
Some slaves were kidnapped, some volunteered and looked at it as an opportunity for freedom.
They did not follow a straight path to the americas, they did something called a triangular trade -
The Safavids were Shia while most other muslims were Sunnis.
There was a conflict between the Safavids, the Ottomans, and other Muslims soon after they were established.
The founder and soon shah(king) of the Safavids was a 14- year-old boy named Esma'il -
The man who America is named after is Amerigo Vespucci.
Amerigo did not discover America, but he believed that this was new land and not what the rest of Europe thought.
He didn't even make the name America, it was someone else that did. -
Said to capture the complexity of the human spirit.
Most peole hear his name and this is the first thing that comes to mind.
He helped inspire many artists during the renaissance -
The pope made him paint it unwillingly.
He painted the WHOLE Sistine Chapel, including the ceiling.
The paintings depicted things from the Old Testament. -
95 Theses was nailed to the church door by Martin Luther.
Initially in Latin but was translated to German.
Stated that indulgences were wrong and should not be used by the church -
Magellan was the first person to circomnavigste the world.
There were only 18 survivors at the end of the trip.
Magellan did not make it to the end of his trip. -
3 rulers, Jahangir, Shah Jahan, and Aurangzeb.
These three rulers built the Mughal Empire up and gained plenty of money and power.
Civil wars and the death of their leader led to the decline of the once great empire. -
He made the church so that he could divorce his wife.
Before he founded the Anglican church, the original church denied his request to get a divorce.
He eventually divorced his wife and many more after that. -
Atahuallpa, the Inca's leader, was the man Pizarro needed to kill to take over the Inca's.
Pizarro captured him by inviting him to a feasst.
The Spanish were given a ranson for his release but they still killed him -
He examined the geocentric theory and noticed that it was incorrect, but he didn't know how to correct it.
Several years later he concluded that it was the sun in the center of the solar system, not the earth.
Although he was not the first person to have this idea, he was the first with a mathmatical explaination for it. -
They helped cleanse the teachings of the Catholic church that the protestants talked about.
No matter what they did not compromise with the protestants. -
Wanted a unified empire in Europe.
Spain was extremely rich during his reign.
Saw himself as a leader of the Counter-Reformation -
Took over after Queen Mary, her half sister, died.
Mary was a catholic but Elizabeth was a protestant so it was a tough transition for the citizens to switch queens.
She halped england recover from the disastrous reign of Queen Mary. -
This was the age of intelligence, there were many geniuses during this time.
Many books, inventions, wars, and revolutions took place during this time.
One major discovery was Issac Newton's Laws of Gravity -
This was the first America's first permanent colony built.
They encounteered the Native Americans and were scared at first, but eventually became allies and taught each other different things.
The Native Americans played a big part in surviving when the winter came around. -
He was 4 1/2 when his father(the King of France) passed away.
He became a monarch and was harsh to the public.
He started and joined in on many wars while he was in power. -
The Ming Dynasty ended and Qing Dynasty began because of natural disasters.
They believed that the Ming Dynasty was being told by God to atop ruling. -
He wrothe the book while he was exiled to avoid persecution.
He was involved in many political groups with important people.
After the book was published and seen, he was allowed back into England -
Was in the army and wanted to have Charles executed very bad.
Divided England into 11 sections and assigned generals to be head of them.
He made Christmas traditional like worshiping Jesus and no presents. -
Helped modernize to catch up to the rest of Europe.
Peter took power at the age of 17.
Went on a journey to see how to modernize Russia. -
Made Russia modern with her demanding ruling.
She was the most powerful woman in the world, she was intelligent and ruthless with her ruling.
Russia had back-to-back female rulers, her mom ruled before her -
The French Revolution was fought between the French government and the citizens of France.
It ended in 1799 and some people think the revoluton was a failure but it changed many things about how people run France. -
New Hampshire was the last state to ratify the Constitution.
Only 9 of the 13 states had to ratify the Constitution.
5 states were all for it but the others had worries but later ratified it. -
This reign of terror lasted a year.
The main reason was to geet rid of any foreign invaders and enemies of the revolution.
Just in 9 months, 16,000 people were guillotined -
He was the first Frenhman to be emperor in many years.
He earned the title by being a great military leader.
During his reign he suffered his first loss in battle to Russia. -
Consisted of Napoleon's troops againts British troops.
The battle was delayed due to heavy rain.
Casualties from both sides totaled up to 50,000 troops -
Lasted from 1607 to 1867.
This was the last government that had traditional Japanese government.
After the Tokugawa Shogunate ended, Japan became much more modernized and up to date
