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Period: Mar 4, 1390 to
Chapter 19-20
Material learned in class. -
Mar 4, 1394
Prince Henry of Portugal is Born
He was called Prince Henry the Navigator by the English. His mother and fathers names were Philippa of Lancaster and John 1 of Portugal. -
Period: May 29, 1400 to
Chapter 17
Material covered in class. -
Oct 27, 1402
Yonglo becomes Ming Emperor
Yonglo is the third emporer of the Ming Dynasty. He reigned from 1402-1424. The name 'Yonglo' mean "Perpetual Happiness". He also became known as Chengzu of Ming Dyansty. -
Jul 11, 1405
Zheng He captains his first voyage
Zheng He, was a mariner, explorer, diplomat, and a fleet admiral during China's early Ming Dynasty. He commanded voyages to Southeast Asia, South Asia, the Middle East, and East Africa. -
Feb 28, 1408
Donatello creates his David statue
Donatello was told to carve the David statue in 1408. It was supposed to be placed on the roofline of the east end of the Florence Cathedral. But it was placed in a public square instead. -
Apr 16, 1436
Johann Gutenberg invents the Printing Press
The Printing Press is important because it helped make books faster. You didn't have to write out the words. Also people are starting to read more. Books costs much less than hand-written books, because they are less rare. -
May 29, 1453
Fall of Constantinople to the Turks
This started on April 9, 1453. This occurred after a seige by invading the Ottoman Empire. This was under the command of the 21 year-old Sultan Mehmed II. -
Oct 19, 1453
The Hundred Years' War Ends
The Hundred Year's War was more than 100 years long. It was 116 years long.The French won. England gains the Pale of Calais, but loses all other continental territory. -
Jun 11, 1488
B. Dias reaches Cape of Good Hope
He sailed around the southern most tip of Africa, and is the first European known to have done that. The reason he went on this voyage was because he was told to find a trade route to India. -
Aug 13, 1492
Ferdinand & Isabella end war with Muslims
On January 2nd, 1492, they went in Granada to receive the keys to the city. The principal mosque was reconsecrated as a church. The treaty of Granada was signed later in the year. -
Oct 12, 1492
C. Columbus spots land in North America
On the evening of August 3rd, 1492, Christopher Columbus departed from Palas de la Frontero with three ships, the Santa Marial, Pinta and the Niña. The Captain of the the Santa Maria was Christopher Columbus. -
Jun 7, 1494
Spain & Portugal agree to Treaty of Tordesillas
The Treaty of Tordesillas is supposed to settle conflicts over lands newly discovered or explord by Chirstopher Columbus and other late 15-century voyagers. -
May 20, 1498
Vasco da Gama lands in India
This discovery was very significant and it paved the way for the Portuguese to establish a long lasting colonial empire in Asia. With this route to India, you wouldn't have to face the Mediterranean or the Arabia. -
Period: Feb 24, 1500 to
Chapter 22
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Jan 8, 1503
Leonardo Da Vinci starts the Mona Lisa
The painting is thought to be a portrait of Fransesco del Giocondo's wife, Lisa Gherardini. It is also thought that the painting was going to go into their new house. We will never know if it was ever finished, because Leonardo died before he could tell anyone anything about it. -
Oct 31, 1507
Amerigo Vespucci charts New World coast
In 1507, Marin Waldseemuller produced a world map in which he named the New continent America, after Vespucci's last name, Amerigo. -
Sep 19, 1508
Michelangelo paints the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel
Michelangelo thought of himself as a scuplter instead of a painter. He had never worked with frescoe (a type of paint) before he painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. -
Nov 13, 1509
Raphael paints School of Athens
This is one of the most famous frescoes by Raphael. It was painted between 1509-1510. The School of Athens, representing Philosophy, was the second finished painting at the Apostolic Palace. -
Jul 21, 1513
Machiavelli writes The Prince
The printed version of "The Prince", was not published until 5 years after Machiavelli died. It was published in the year 1532. The permission to publish this book was given by Medici pope Clement VII. The language of the book is Tuscan, or Italian. -
Aug 9, 1514
Nicolaus Copernicus begins studying planetary movement
Nicolaus was born on February 19, 1473, and died on May 24, 1543. He learns a lot about 'Heliocentric', which means the sun is at the center of the solar system. In 1514, he wrote out an initial outline for his heliocentric theory. -
Oct 31, 1517
Martin Luther posts his 95 Thesis
Maritn Luther's posting of the 95 thesis is basically how the Protestant Reformation started. He posted these because he felt strongly against indulgences. He was then excommunicated by Pope Leo X. Then he goes into hiding for a year. When he comes back, he finds people are doing what he thought should be done. -
Mar 5, 1519
H. Cortez lands on Mexican coast
When he sailed for the coast of the Yucatán on February 18th, 1519, he had 11 ships, 508 soldiers, about 100 sailors, and most importantly, 16 horses. He also exercised, and disciplined his army. -
Sep 1, 1526
Austria Hapsburgs become Absolute Monarchs
To do this, they had to go through three steps. The first was to conquer Bohemia. They wiped out Protestantism there and created a new Czech nobility that pledged loyalty to them.
Second, the Hapsburg ruler centralized the government and created a large, standing army. Third, the Hapsburgs had retaken Hungary form the Ottomans. -
Nov 16, 1532
F. Pizzaro meets Atahualpa
Atahualpa was captured by Francisco Pizzaro during the Battle of Cajamarca. A ransom for the Emporor's release was demanded, and Atahualpa filled a room with gold. But Pizzaro charged him with crimes, and executed him on July 26, 1533. -
Jul 25, 1534
Jacques Cartier claims land in Canada
People had already been living there for a long time, so he can't really claim the land. He lied about the cross being a significant marking where he stuck it in the ground. -
May 19, 1536
Anne Boleyn is executed
The first child Anne had, was a girl, then she had 3 miscarriages. Henry then had Anne investigated for treason. Then she was arrested. 4 days later, Henry had her beheaded. -
Oct 12, 1537
Edward VI is born
Edward VI is the son of Henry V, and Catherine of Valois. He is the only son of Henry. After his father died, he is crowned King at age 9. Edward dies at the age 15. -
Period: Mar 6, 1540 to
Chapter 21
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Apr 19, 1541
Ignatius of Loyola founds the Jesuit order
Ignatius was a Spanish knight. He created the guide for how Catholics should live. On April 19, 1541, Ignatius becomes the first Superial General of the Jesuits. -
Jul 19, 1553
Mary I becomes Queen
Mary I was Catholic and had a Spanish husband. Mary I became known as "Bloody Mary" because of all the public executions of important people. In 1558 she died without an heir. -
Dec 18, 1553
Ivan the Terribles "Good" and "Bad" moods
Ivans good periods consisted of these things: he won great victories, added lands to Russia, gave Russia a Code of Laws, and ruled justly. His wife Anastasia also made his happy, but that turned when she died. His bad periods consisted of these things: turned against the Boyars, and organized a police force. -
Nov 20, 1556
Netherlands grow
The Netherlands were different from other European countries of the time. They were a republic, not a monarchy. They were also open to all races and religions. They bought a lot of polish grain, and they kept it until they went into drought. -
Nov 17, 1558
Elizabeth I becomes Queen
Queen Elizabeth I re-establishes the Anglican Church. She remained single and childless until she died. She becomes an enemy of King Philip of Spain over religious views and political agendas. -
Spanish Navy was defeated
The English defeated them. The Spanish started with 130 ships, and came back with only a third of them. At midnight of July 28th, the English set eight of the Spanish on fire, and sent them toward the Spanish. -
English East India Company is founded
This was originally chartered as the Governor and Company of Merchants of London trading into the East Indies, more properly called Honourable East India Company. -
Johannes Kepler mathematically proves Copernicus and Brahe
Johannes was Brahe's assistant, but wouldn't let Johannes see what he was working on. When Brahe died, Johannes found his work before his family and uses Copernicus's theories to prove what Brahe was working on. -
Dutch East India Company is founded
This is often considered to have been the first multinational corporation in the world. This was the first company to issue stock. Arguably, it was the first megacorporation, possessing powers, including: ability to wage war, imprison and execute convicts, negotiate treaties, coin money, and establish colonies. -
Don Quixote de la Mancha was written
This was written by Miguel de Cervantes. There were two volumes, and the second one was written in 1615. Don Quixote is considered the most influential work from literature from the Spanish Golden Age. -
Henry Hudson is last seen
He wanted to go further west for his expedition, but most of his crew members mutinied. His crew members and himself went adrift, and were never seen again. -
William Shakespeare dies
William Shakespeare was an English Poet and Playwright, known as one of the greatest english poets and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He has written 38 plays, 154 sonnets, 2 long narritive poems, and a few other verses. His plays have been translated into every known language. -
Thirty Years ' War
This war was fought over religion, territory, and for mpower among Eurpean ruling families. This war involved most of the countries in Europe. -
Cardinal richelieu increases power of Bourbons and weakens Nobles
Cardianl Richelieu did three things to make the crown of France more powerful, and they were to make the Hugenots vulnerable, make the Nobles weak, and then fight the Hapsburgs. -
The Greatest Triumph of Cardinal Mazarin
HIs greatest triumph was the ending of the Thirty Years' War. The Peace Treaty made France the most powerful country in Europe. This agreement only settled differences between France and Savoy. This treaty was called the Treaty of Cherasco. -
Galileo publishes his many findings in Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems
It was published in 1632, but translated into Latin in 1635. The book was dedicated to Galileo's patron Fernando II de' Medici, who was the Grand Duke of Tuscany. The Book was delivered to him, and it became a bestseller. -
Rene Descartes lays out his scientific method in Discourse on Method
He is putting all of this information that he thinks is reasonable in a book. He explains his method of reasoning through the most difficult problems. He also sketches some drawings and puts them in there. -
Consequences of the end of the Thirty Years' War
There were six consequences, the first was it weakend the hapsburg states of Spain and Austria. Second, it strengthened France by awarding it German territory. Third, it made German Princes independent of the Hold Roman Emporor. Fourth, it ended religious war in Europe. Fifth, it introduced a new method of peace negotiation. Sixth, it recognized Europe as a group of independent states. -
Thomas Hobbes outlines the social contract in Leviathan
Thomas Hobbes was the first modern philosopher to articulate a detailed contract theory. Hobbes thought that the lives of people were "Solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short". -
First slave revolts in Hispaniola
Slave owners lived in fear of Slave revolts. Many white and black slaves revolt against Gloucester County, VA, but they are betrayed by a fellow servant. -
New Netherlands becomes New York
The distinction of New Netherlands becoming New York belongs to the Dutch. Henry Hudson brought the region to the attention of the Netherlands in 1609 by sailing into New York Bay, that river would eventually be named after his name. -
Actions made illegal by the Habeas Corpus Act
There were to actions made illegal. One was a monarch could not put someone into jail simply for oppoisng the ruler. The second was the prisoners could not be held indefinitley without trials. -
La Salle claim Mississippi River for Spain
René-Robert Cavilier, and Sieur de La Salle started exploring in late 1660's and continue for 2 decades more. Much of the area they were exploring in hadn't ever had a European explore before. -
Isaac Newton published his laws of gravity in Mathematical Prinicples of Natural Philosophy
This is one of the most famous works in history because it gives an exact replica of how the body is in motion, and what states of motion they are in (Newton's Laws of Motion). -
William and Mary in the Glorious Revolution
Mary is Jame's oldest daughter, and William is Mary's husband. William had led the army into London. They were both going to overthrow Mary's father, James II of England. -
Rulers were barred from doing things under the Bill of Rights
There were four things they were barred from. First, no suspending of parliamen's laws. Second, no levying of taxes without a aspecific grant from parliament. Third, no interfering with freedom of speech in parliament. Fourth, no penalty for a citizen who petitions the king about grievances. -
John Locke justifies rebellion in Two Treatises on Governmnet
John Lockes views of the social contract are tremendously different than Thomas Hobbes views. Locke thought that individuals in a state of nature would be bound morally by the Law of Nature. Many other things were also argued. -
Louis XIV Dies
Louis was dying throughout the week, then he did die. It was the morning just before his 77th birthday. When he died, the French were really happy he was gone, they didn't like him at all. He reigned for 72 years, which is the longest in the history of France. -
Peter re-organizes the church, land ownership, and the army
To re-organize the church, he abolished the office of partriarch, set up Holy Synod to run church under his orders. Land-ownership, he recruited low-ranking men that were able, he then rewarded them with grants of land. For the Army, he hired Euorpean officers. -
Voltaire is exiled to England
He was thrown into Bastille without trial because of quarreling in public with an offensive young nobleman. He didn't wan to be tortured or anything big like that, so he offered to just be exiled in England, they accepted his offer. -
Frederick wants Silesia
Frederick wants Silesia because it produces iron ore, textiles, and food products. He assumes he can get it because Maria Theresa was a woman, and wouldn't be forceful enough to defend her lands. -
Denis Diderot publishes the first volumes of his Encyclopedia
The work that he did was very advanced for his time. Diderot thought that this could "have the power to changes men's common way of thinking". -
Seven Years' War begins
Many allied from both sides were drawn into the conflict. The reason for this war dated back down to the time of William the Conquerer. -
Mary Wollstonecraft is born
Growing up, her father was very abusive. After she left home, she dedicated her life to writing. Her most famous published work was A Vindication of the Rights Woman. Mary died ten days after giving birth to her second daughter, Mary. -
The startof the Partition of Poland
These partitions were conducted by the Russian Empire, Kingdom of Prussia, and Hapsburg Austria. This was land divided up between them. There were three partitions in all. -
Catherine the Great puts down the serf Rebellion
There was a rebellion, and Catherine put a stop to it. Her soldiers remained loyal and did not join the rebellion. After it was over, she then created a new system of government to avoid rebellions in the future. -
Declaration of Independece is signed
Thomas Jefferson was chosen to compose the original draft of the Declaration of Independence. Then congress would edit it to the final draft. There were 56 people who signed this. -
Joseph II abolishes serfdom in Austria
He did not give the peasants ownership of the land or freedom from dues owed to the landowning nobles. It did give them personal freedom. -
Beethoven Dies
Beethoven was a German pianist and composer. He has come up with 9 symphonies, 5 concertos for piano, 32 piano sonatas, and 16 string quartets. He also composed other chamber music, choral works, and songs. Ludwig van Beethoven was born in Bonn.
