world history chapters 18 and a little bit of 19.

By klayton.miner
  • Feb 5, 1556

    Charles V. Philip ruled

    Ruled from 1556 to 1598, to strengthen his control, Philip insisted on strict conformity to Catholicism and strong monarchial authority. He also had the powerful Spanish navy at his command.
  • Feb 5, 1562

    French religios wars started.

    1562–1598. Religious conflict was the base of these wars. The Catholic French kings persecuted Protestants throughout the country, but the persecution didn’t stop the spread of Protestantism.
  • May 9, 1571

    Spain won the Battle of Lepanto against the Turks

    Advancing to Vienna, they were defeated in 1529. They moved into the western Mediterranean until the Spanish destroyed a large Ottoman fleet at Lepanto in 1571.

  • 1589- Henry IV (4) was deemed king of Huguenot’s

    For 30 years, battles raged in France between the Catholics and the Huguenots. In 1589, Henry of Navarre, the Huguenot political leader, succeeded to the throne as Henry IV. He realized that as a Protestant he would never be accepted by Catholic France. Therefore, he converted to Catholicism. When Henry IV was crowned king in 1594, the fighting in France finally came to an end.

  • French Religious Wars ended

    By the end of Philip's reign in 1598, Spain was not the great power that it appeared to be. Spain was the most populous empire in the world, but it was bankrupt. Philip II had spent too much on war. His successor spent too much on his court. The armed forces were out of date, and the government was inefficient.

  • Phillip reign ended and Spain went bankrupt

    To solve the religious problem, Henry IV issued the Edict of Nantes in 1598. The edict recognized Catholicism as the official religion of France. It also gave the Huguenots the right to worship and to enjoy all political privileges such as holding public offices.

  • Queen Elizabeth Tudor died

    The Tudor dynasty ended with the death of Queen Elizabeth I in 1603. The Stuart line of rulers began when the king of Scotland, Elizabeth's cousin, ascended the English throne and became James I.

  • War between catholic forces began

    Beginning in 1618 in the Holy Roman Empire, the war first involved the struggle between Catholic forces, led by the Hapsburg Holy Roman emperors, and Protestant (primarily Calvinist) nobles in Bohemia. As Denmark, Sweden, France, and Spain entered the war, the conflict became more political.

  • England slipped into Civil War between the king’s followers and the Parliamentary followers

    • England slipped into a civil war. It was between the supporters of the king, the Cavaliers, and the parliamentary forces, called the Roundheads. Parliamentary proved stronger than the king, mostly because they had Oliver Cromwell, who was the best military guy in the world.

  • Peace of Westphalia ended the Catholic war

    • The Peace of Westphalia officially ended the war in 1648 and gave Sweden, France new territories. Sweden's interest in the Baltic Sea region increased its power in northern Europe. The peace settlement also divided the more than 300 states of the Holy Roman Empire into independent states, each with the freedom to determine their own religion and conduct foreign policy.

  • Charles I executed

    Cromwell purged parliament of any members who had not supported him. What was left of the Parliament, the so-called Rump Parliament, had Charles I executed on January 30, 1649.

  • James II became King

    • After Charles II died, James II became king. He was an open and devout catholic. He named Catholics in high positions of government, army, navy, and universities.

  • Toleration Act granting Puritans a right to public worship

  • Toleration Act granting Puritans a right to public worship

    The Toleration Act offered Puritans, not Catholics, the right to freely worship in public. It also marked a turning point in England because the people were scarcely ever again be persecuted for religion.

  • Frederick became King

    Frederick William’s son Frederick officially gained the title of king. Elector Frederick III became King Frederick I.

  • Ayrangezeb’s death

    Ayrangezeb died, the last great Mojul Emperor. After him, there were a ton of contenders for the throne, all were short lived though.

  • Delhi, India is destroyed

    Delhi, India was destroyed because it became divided and was ransacked by the Persians, who left it in ashes.