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Period: Apr 12, 1485 to
The Tudor Work With Parliament
England was ruled by Tudor monarchs. Tudor belived in divine right, he shrewdly recognize the value of good relations with the Roman Catholic Church. -
Period: Jan 1, 1550 to
Spain's Golden Age
The Golden Age was a time when the Spanish arts and literature were brillance. Phillip II was an enthusiastic patron of the arts and also founded academies of science and mathematics. El Greco is consider to be master of Spanish painting. -
Jan 1, 1556
Charles V Abdicates
Exhausted and disillusioned, Charles V gave up his titles and he also entered a monastery in 1556. He divided the empire, that left Hapsburg lands in central Europe to his brother, Ferdinand. Ferdinand became the Holy Roman emperor. Later, he gave Spain, the Netherlands, some southern Italian states, and Spain's overseas empire to his 29-years-old son, Phillip, who became Phillip II. -
Period: Apr 12, 1560 to
Henry IV Restores Order
There were religious wars between the Catholic majority and French Protestants. The French were called Huguenots, they tore France apart. They both used the strife to further their own ambitions. -
Oct 7, 1571
Battle of Lepanto
The Battle of Lepanto took place on 7 October 1571 when a fleet of the Holy League, decisively defeated the main fleet of the Ottoman Empire in five hours of fighting on the northern part of the Gulf of Corinth, off western Greece. The Ottoman forces sailing westwards from their naval station in Lepanto were attacked by the Holy League. -
Aug 24, 1572
St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre
While the Huguenot and the Catholic Nobles were at a royal wedding. The Catholic royals let a massacre of 3,000 Huguenot. This symbolized the complete breakdown of France. -
Period: to
Cardinal Richelieu
Armand Richelieu's (1585-1642) his parents expected the best of him. They tought that one day their son was going to be a leader of France. At the age of 17, he began to become a bishop in the Catholic Church. The next 40 years, he rose to the highest levels of authority in both religious and political circles. -
Parliament Responds
Charles I inherited the throne. Like his father, Charles behave like an absolute monarch. By 1628 he rised his taxes that force Charles to summon Parliaments. He was insited to sign the Petition of Right.
