-
570
Birth of the prophet Muhammad
Founder of Islam -
Period: 597 to 626
Wars between the Byzantine and Sasanian (Persian) empires
This was a very Great War between the Byzantine and Sasanian empires -
610
Muhammad's first revelations
Angel Gabriel talks to Muhammad -
613
Muhammad begins to preach a new faith
Muhammad preaches about Islam -
622
Muhammad's flight (hijra) from Mecca to Medina
Muhammad travels from Mecca to Medina -
Period: 624 to 627
Wars between the followers of Muhammad and the Quraysh of Mecca
Muslims and the Quraysh of Macca go to war -
628
Muslim-Mecca Truce
Muhammads followers make a truce with Mecca after they have been at war for some time -
630
Muhammad enters Mecca in triumph
Muhammad enters Mecca and takes out all the idols at the holy site. He only leaves a Black Stone -
632
Death of Muhammad
Muhammad dies -
Period: 632 to 634
Rule of Caliph Abu Bakr
Abu Bakr is Muhammad’s father and ruled over Abbasid caliphate -
Period: 633 to 634
Ridda Wars in Arabia
The Ridda Wars were launched by Abu Bakr against rebel Arabian tribes -
Period: 634 to 643
Early Muslim conquests in the Byzantine Empire
Small wars between the Muslims and Byzantine empire -
Period: 634 to 644
Rule of Caliph Umar
He was a companion of Muhammad and succeeded Abu Bakr -
637
Arab invasion and destruction of Sasanian Empire
Muslims destroy the Sasanian Empire -
Period: 644 to 656
Rule of Caliph Uthman
Caliph Uthman ruled the Islamic empire -
Period: 656 to 661
Rule of Caliph Ali; first civil war
Caliph Uthman was assassinated and Caliph Ali became the new ruler -
Period: 661 to 680
Mu'awiya
The first caliph of Umayyad Caliphate -
Period: 661 to 750
Umayyad caliphate
The second of four major caliphate established after Muhammads death -
680
Death of Ali's son Husayn at Karbala
Ali and his family members were beheaded at Karbala -
Period: 680 to 692
Second civil war
A period of political and military disorder in the Islamic community. This is also known as the Second Fitna -
Period: 744 to 750
Third civil war; Abbasid revolt
The third civil war or The Third Fitna were uprisings against the Umayyad Caliphate -
750
Abbasid caliphate begins
Abbasid caliphate is created and is now modern day Iraq
