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Alfred Thayer Mahan
Theodore Roosevelt was one of Mahans followers
this book he wrote the influence of sea power upon history
argued to achieve world power a country headed a power navy
naval bases to provide fueling solutions -
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Stanford B. Dole
his reaction w/ U.S -him & his family made the dole pineapple company
effects played a prominent & active role in the overthrown of queen Liliuokalani
Gov. 1900-1903
connections - family had pineapple plantations led the provisional
Gov while it worked put plans for the U.S to annex the island during Spanish American War -
Henry Cabot Lodge
helped write the Sherman Anti Trust Act
in the senate he advocated military strength as the best tactic for peace imperialism
conservative republican U.S senator from 1893-1924
policy of extending a country's power -
USS Maine
in 1898 USS Maine was sent to Havana to protect U.S interests during a Cuban revolt against Spain
although the explosion remains unknown the Hearst & Pulitzer newspaper blamed the Spain for sabotage Yellow Journalism
the sinking of Maine set off a fire storm making the people protest in the U.S -
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The Spanish War
cause= U.S wanted to become an Empire, U.S intervention for the Cuban patriots against Spain from 1870s to 1898
location of war= Manila Bay in the Philippines on May 1 1891, Cervera led the Spanish to Santiago July 3 + tried to escape westbound along the coast
effects of treaty=treaty of Paris ended the Spanish was, mad U.S a world power -
San Juan Hill
was a decisive battle of the Spanish-American war
the San Juan heights was a north-south running elevation about 2 kilo east of Santiago de Cuba
rough riders were ordered to engage 760 Spanish soldiers defending the San Juan heights the battle that made T.R famous was actually fought on Kettle Hill -
Open Door Policy
Cause- they wanted to build an empire United States did not have a sphere of influence of economic activities
protect american businessman & inventors that American would shut out china by European powers
U.S participation would oppose any attempt by others nations to use the rebellion as an excuse to dismember china -
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Panama Canal
built to shorten distance ships had to pass b/w atlantic and pacific ocean
transport cargo quicker
U.S made a new county(Panama) by negotiating with panama rebels and over thrown Colombian gov
construction of the canal cost thousands of lives and $400 million -
Roosevelt Corollary
changed/stated purpose- to change Monroe Doctrine to keep European nations out of Latin America based his Latin American policy on a west African proverb that said speak softly and carry a big stick force the U.S to exercise of an international police power
actually did- U.S would now use force to protect its economic interest in Latin America -
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Dollar Diplomacy
promote american foreign policy goals
make america more money took place in Caribbean region
U.S bankers banned money to Latin American countries if they couldn't repay the U.S -
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World War 1
central powers:Austria,Hungary,German Empire,Ottamon Empire,Kingdom of Bulgaria,Bosnia,Italy & United States
triple entente:France,Russia,Great Britain & Japan
assassination of Archduke Franz Fernidad and his wife was gunned down which led to WW1 -
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Weapons Of Total War
A-Submarine to go underwater (E) Create mines (underwater bombs)(C) enemy ships
B- Mines (P) to destroy surface ships & submarines (E) to destroy their enemy's (C) hamper enemy shipping movements or lock vessels into
C- machine gun (P) not carry guns around this made this made it easier (E) took up to work (C) to make war killing easier
D- trench warfare (P) protect soldiers from enemy's (C) caused both sides to use same methods (E) not matched by similar advances -
Sinking Of The Lusitania
the sinking of the Cunard ocean liner RMS Lusitania occurred on Friday May 7, 1915 during the first world war, as Germany waged submarine warfare against the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland the British royal navy blockaded Germany -
Sussex Pledge
promise made in 1916 during WW1 by Germany to the U.S
the Sussex a french cross channel passenger ferry was tropeded w/o warning on March 24, 1916 about 50 lives were taken -
Zimmerman Telegram
the Zimmerman telegram was an internal diplomatic communication issued from the Germany foreign office in January 1917 that proposed a military alliance between Germany and Mexico -
German Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
was first introduced in WW1 when Germany declared the are around the British isles a war zone, in which all merchants ships, including those from neutral countries would be attacked by the German navy which led to the U.S into war
submarines sink vessels such as freighters and tankers w/o warning -
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American Expeditionary Force
the AEF consisted of the U.S Armed Forces sent to Europe under the command of general John J. Pershing in 1917 to help fight WW1
14,000 U.S soldiers had arrived in France and the AEF had only minor participation
nickname "doughboys" possibly because of the whitebelt they wore which they clean the pipe day or "dough"
Pershing believe in a combat and felt that 3 yrs of trench warfare made allies to defensive American forced to stop German advance -
Alvin York
lead an attack on a German machine gun nest
was one of the most decorated soldiers of the United States Army in WW1
received the Medal of Honor
he killed 25 Germans and captured 132 prisoners -
Schenck vs U.S
Charles Schenck was convicted for distributions literature that encouraged men to resist the draft WW1
Schenck claims 1st amendment was violated
court ruled there were limits to freedom of speech like clear and present danger+shouting "fire" in a crowded movie theater which is not protected by the 1st amendment -
League of Nations
intergovernmental organization as a result of the Paris peace conference
purpose was to maintain world peace
weakness lacked there own armed forces they depended on the great powers, but they were relevant to help
the league severely weakened when several major power such as the U.S and Russia failed to join it
league proved incapable of preventing aggression by axis power & countries started withdrawing from the league