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Dorothea Lange
-Migrant mother, is one of a series of photograph.Her subject are homeless women,their children, & migrant workers
-Her work was funded by federal agencies, such as the farm security administration
-The editor than told the federal authorities whom urged the government to rush did to the camp to prevent starvation -
Immigrants During the Depression
-The stock market crashed in 1929
-Its caused high unemployment Americans panicked they began to blame Mexican and European immigrants for their problems -
Stock Market Crash
Part B)
-Warren G. Harding campaign promise to return to the U.S. Prewar mentality without the thought of war tainting the minds of American people
-A return to the way of life before WW1
-Foreign competition by means of tariffs subsides imports Quotas or other restrictions or handicaps placed on the imports of foreign competition -
Stock Market crashed
Part C)
-Disposable income is the amount of money that households have available for spending
-People were spending instead of saving when the market crashed they did a "bank run" to get more money
-The "Bank run" caused the "bank failure" but the banks couldn't keep up by the peoples demands for money -
Stock Market Crash (America First Plan)(Black Tuesday)
-It was a result of various economic imbalances & structural failings
-In 1920's a rapid growth in bank credit & bans in the U.S.
-People who barrow money were exposed & rushed to sell shares & try to redeem their debts
-Margin millionaires get wiped out when stock market falls
-Stock Market Crash can blame over exuberance & false expectations
Part A)
-Buy on the margin: Meant people had to pay 10-20% of the value of shares, you were borrowing 80-90% of the value of the shares -
The Great Depression
-When Panicked sellers traded nearly 60 mil. shares on the New York stock exchange
-Corporations could no longer raise funds
-In 1940 15% was the lowest employment rate
-People had fought for their daily survival.Banks failed and many people were out of work
-The money supply growth caused by huge international gold influence was a crucial source of the recovery in the U.S. economy
-People were hungry and went homeless -
FrancisTownsend
-Dr.Francis T. was an American physician who devised the Townsend plan, a popular proposal for state-funded old-age pensions
-Planed to End the Great Depression by opening jobs for young people -
Robert Taft (New Deal Socialism)
-Co-operating with conservative Democrat Nd Led the conservative that opposed the New Deal.The Republican gains in the 1938 elections combined with the creation of the conservative had stopped the exposition of The New Deal.
-Calling for economy in government,a Balanced budget,and less centralization of power in the nation's capital -
Dust Bowl
-Human Causes
-Farmers had been plowing the grass for crops in central plains and trapping under ground water supplies natural causes here 10 year drought was occuring -
Period: to
New Deal
-The plan of "relief,recovery,and reform" was relief for the unemployed and poor recovery of the economy to normal levels, and reform of the financial system to prevent a repeat depression -
20th Amendment
-Sets the dates which federal government elected offices end, also defines who succeeds the President if the president dies
-Cause elected officials who had been replaced were holding office longer than was necessary called "lame duck" period
-More the new president from taking in office in February back to January to lesson lame duck period.Effect -
21st amendment
-Many people had simply refused to accept the ban on alcohol.Even President Harding drank alcohol in the white house .Prohibition was repealed by twenty-first amendment.The experience of prohibition demonstrated that unpopular laws are sometimes unenforced. -
AAA (Agricultural Adjustment Ac)
-It's purpose was to help farmers by reducing production of staple crops, taxes forced farmers to cut amounts they marketed
-The gov. even paid for farmers to grow crops so prices would not go up and help the land -
FDIC
-Purpose was to provide stability to the economy and the failing bank system
-Instead bank deposits so that people work lose their savings in bank failure -
Securities and Exchange Commission
-The Purpose of the SEC is Protecting investors from dangerous or illegal financial practices of fraud
-The issues it addressed was the fact that no one was watching the stock markets
-The effects of its passage was to prevent another stock market collapse;In doing so it evolved our markets into high-tech trading centers -
Period: to
Franklin D. Roosevelt
-He defeated Herbert Hoover in the 1932 presidential election
-Major issues were the cultural issues which had before dominated previous elections.The Depression was of major concern during this election
-He took office during the Great Depression (1929-1939)
-"The only thing we have to fear if fear itself".His meaning for this quote was that the fear they have was making things wores -
Gold Reserve Act
-United States had a bi-metallic system of money
-Silver was also traded
-Gold Standard came to end in 1933 when Roosevelt issued an Executive order outlawing the ownership of gold besides jewelry
-Roosevelt wanted people to rely on "flat money" (Paper Money) -
Social Security Act
-In 1935 the social Security Act was created for old age unemployed people who can't help there selves the SSA was part of the 3R's of the New Deal that "For" put in place because of the equal depression
-The 3R's are Relief,Recovery,Reform -
Reform of the New Deal
-Social security was probably the most important measure of the New Deal.It provided workers with unemployment insurance, old age pensions,and insurance if they died early.Workers and their employers each paid new contributions to fund these benefits in part of Roosevelt -
Huey Long
-Us Senator and former Governor of Louisiana Huey Long promised to give each American family an income of $5,000 a year, to be paid for by taxing the rich Long was assassinated before he was able to mount his campaign against FDR -
William Randolph Hearst
-Hearst reputation suffered in the 1930's as his political view changed in 1932 he was a major supporter of FDR his new papers through 1933
-Hearst broke with FDR in the spring of 1936 when he was president vetoed the pat man bonus bill -
Judicial Procedures Reform Bill
-The reform bill was frequently called the "Court packing Plan" was a legislative initiative proposed by US President Franklin D. Roosevelt to add more Justice to the US supreme court
-The Bill was to increase the number of Us supreme court Justices then bring in several new Justices who would change the balance of opinion on the court.Roosevelt failed many times at attempting to pass the law its failure exposed the limits of Roosevelts abilities to push legislation through direct public appeal -
Grapes of Wrath
-The Grapes of Wrath is an American realist novel written by John Steinbeck and published in 1939
-An Okie is a resident,native,or cultural descendant of Oklahoma
-The U.S. Route 66 (U.S. or Route 66) the main Hwy in the 1930's that connected the great plains to California
-Migrants went to California in hopes to find jobs and places to work but when they got there the jobs were taken. -
Tennessee Valley Authority
-It was created by congressional in may 1933 to provide flood control, electricity generator and economic development during the Depression
-This was President Roosevelt New Deal for reform
-Largest public power company in the US owns the 5th largest river system, provides electricity for Tennessee but also parts of Kentucky,Alabama,Georgia,North Carolina and Virginia
-Some feared the "TVA" was a form of Socialism
