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Spanish-American War
Roosevelt Corallary justidfed involvemnt
US aquired imperial power status, and gained overseas colonies (caribean and pacific) “Americans must now begin to look outward. The growing production of the country demands it . . . .” Mahan The growing country required a similar growth of economic gain. -
Occupation of Puerto Rico
US gained control after military invasion and Treaty of Paris.
US' military government: improved transportation, sanitation, public health, and education
1900: US created a civil government, but failed to pass through Congress in the Insular Cases Supreme Court Case of 1901
1917: US granted citizenship and more rights for Puerto Ricans, but no independence in government
Economic interest: Puerto Rico has fertile land and large sugar plantations
Exploited Puerto Ricans' labor force and money -
US protectorate of Cuba
1900: US forced Cuba to draft a constitution under American military governor, General Wood. US feared possible autocracy in Cuba. US limited voting rights to only educated men with property.
1901: US added the Platt Amendment to its constitution, which controlled its economic ,domestic & foreign policy. It also gave its naval bases and political power to US. US could intervene in Cuban gov't to protect them from other imperialist powers. Cuba is a protectorate of US with a military government. -
Open Door Policy
Articulated by Secretary of State John Hay. Struggled with Boxer Rebellion, an anti-foreigner movement in China.
Aimed to secure international agreement to the equal opportunity for international trade/commerce in China, respect for China’s administrative/territorial integrity
Became official policy to Far East. Closed immigration for Chinese.
Thought that US economic interest and trade in China would be protected. -
Building of Panama Canal
Economic interest in building Panama canal to link trade routes between Atlantic and Pacific. Colombia declined, so US sent warships. Colombia was forced to give Panama independence. US built Panama canal under the Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty of 1903. This allowed US & Panama relations and is a symbol of US economic and technologic power. US protected Panama from other imperialist powers, allowed to have diplomatic intervention. -
Dominican Republic Intervention
A treaty with US allowed US control over the Dominican Republic’s imported goods in exchange for Dominican Republic’s debts to US.
1916-1924: US military intervention in internal government chaos. US left after things were settled. -
Portsmouth Treaty
The treaty ended the Russo-Japanese War, orchestrated by Roosevelt.
Affrimed Japanese presence in Southern Manchuria, Korea, and gave half the Sakhalin Islands to Japan. Russia was not required to pay an indemnity to Japan. However, both Russia and Japanare dissatisfied. Japan felt the lack of indemnity was an affront, and Russia lost all power in the region.
Roosevelt aimed for a balance of power and economic oppertunity in the region. Protection of American interests was a goal. -
More Cuban Occupations
1906-1909: Cuban president Estrada resigned. Rebellion outbreak lead by Jose Miguel Gomez. US takes control of Cuba.
1909: Gomez is elected president. Corruption in government arised.
1912: US occupied Cuba again to stop protests on discrimination of blacks -
U.S Occupation of Haiti
In 1868; President Andrew Johnson suggested the annexation of Haiti, to secure a U.S. defensive and economic stake in the West Indies.
In December 1914: the Wilson Administration sent marines into Haiti removing $500,000 from the Haitian National Bank for safe-keeping giving the U.S. control of the bank.
In 1915: president Jean Vilbrun Guillaume Sam assisianted Wilson justified an invasion, Wilson administration was protecting U.S. assets in the area. -
Good Neighbor Policy in Cuba
President FDR repealed the Platt Amendment under the Good Neighbor Policy. US still kept its naval base in Cuba. The intention of the policy was to mend relations with Latin American countries after the The Coolidge Administration executed armed interventions in Haiti and Nicaragua in 1928
