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United Negro Improvement Association
Brought to Harlem from Jamaica, the UNIA advocated for individual and racial pride in African Americans -
Volstead Act
Legislation enforcing the 18th amendment which prohibited the sale and consumption of alcohol -
Farming Economy Begins To Fail
Farmers saw prosperity during WWI due to increased production, but when the war ended, farmers had too many goods on their hands and an equally large amount of debt -
Revivalists Control Radio
Religious leaders were able to capture a large audience by using new communication techniques such as the radio -
The Jazz Age
African Americans started to receive acclaim as jazz music was broadened in popularity -
Langston Hughes
An African American poet who wrote about African American heritage and what it was like living in America at that time -
Louis Armstrong
Jazz musician who helped spread jazz music across the country -
Ezra Pound
Poet during the 1920s who revolutionized poetry and became part of the early modernist movement -
First Commercial Radio Station
First radio broadcast and it quickly became a new medium of entertainment -
Election of 1920
William Harding is elected president -
Quota Act of 1921
Limited immigration to 3% foreign-born persons from a given nation counted in the 1910 Census -
Sheppard-Towner Act
Provided $1.2 million for prenatal and baby-care centers in rural areas -
Post War Recession
A brief recession in the United States following WWI, but the U.S quickly was brought out -
Fordney-McCumber Tariff
Increased the duties on foreign manufactured goods by 25% in order to protect U.S. business, but made it so that European nations were not able to pay off war debts -
Babbit
Satirical novel written by Sinclair Lewis which criticizes 1920s middle class society -
Dawes Plan
Established a cycle of payments flowing from the U.S. to Germany and from Germany to the Allies in order to pay off war debts -
Quota Act of 1924
Second quota act passed which limited the percentage to 2% to ensure discrimination against southern and eastern Europeans -
The National Broadcasting Company Airs
Allowed for both ends of the country to watch the same entertainment and entertainment became a staple part of American culture -
Election of 1924
Calvin Coolidge is reelected president -
Harding Scandals
Congress discovered that Secretary Fall had accepted bribes for granting oil leases -
Scopes Trial
Case on whether or not evolution should be taught in schools -
Marcus Garvey Trial
Garvey is tried to fraud and his conviction puts an end to the UNIA movement -
T.S Eliot
Playwright who criticized 1920s society -
The Great Gatsby
Novel written about the decline of American Dream in the 1920s and the demoralization of 1920s society -
The Sun Also Rises
Published by Hemingway, the book details a man trying to look for morality in the so called "immoral" 1920s society -
Resolution Between Mexico and Dwight Morrow
U.S. investors feared that their properties in Mexico might be confiscated, so Morrow created a resolution to protect American economic ventures in Latin America -
Columbia Broadcasting Company
Allowed for both ends of the country to watch the same entertainment and entertainment became a staple part of American culture -
Charles Lingbergh's Flight Is Broadcasted
When Lingbergh returns home to the U.S., he is met with a reaction greater than the returning WWI soldiers. This shows Americas shift in prioritizing entertainment -
Election of 1928
Herbet Hoover is elected president -
Automobiles Become The Key Promoter of Economic Growth
Replaces the railroad and serves of an example of the U.S. prioritizing consumerism -
Black Thursday
Investors began to panic and there was an unprecedented selling of stocks which plunged stock prices further -
Black Tuesday
Stock market collapsed, sending U.S. into depression -
Hawley-Smoot Tariff
Increased taxes on foreign imports in order to protect businesses from foreign makers, but ended up reducing trade between all nations. -
Dust Bowl
Severe drought in the Great Plains caused lands to become arid, lasting a decade -
Federal Farm Board
Attempted to help farmers stabilize prices, but failed to handle the continued overproduction. -
The Federal Emergency Relief Administration
Offered outright grants of federal money to states and local governments that were operating soup kitchens and other forms of relief for the jobless and homeless -
The Public Works Administration
Allotted money to state and local governments for building roads, bridges, damns, and other public works -
Beer-Wine Revenue Act
Realizing the economic value in alcohol, FDR legalizes the sale of beer and wine in order to raise tax money -
FDR Announces Bank Holiday
FDR closes bank and states that they will be reopened when they are reorganized on a sound basis -
The Emergency Banking Relief Act
Government examines the finances of banks and reopened the ones stable enough -
The Farm Credit Administration
Provided low interest farm loans and mortgages to prevent foreclosures on the property of indebted farmers -
The Civilian Conservation Corps
Employed young men on projects on federal lands and paid their families small monthly sums -
The Tennessee Valley Authority
Hired thousands of Tennessee Valley residents to build dams, operate electric power plants, control flooding, etc. -
The Home Owners Loan Corporation
Provided refinancing of small homes to prevent foreclosures -
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Part of FDR's financial recovery programs, the FDIC guaranteed individual bank deposits up to $5,000 -
The Civil Works Administration
Hired laborers for temporary constriction projects sponsored by the federal government -
The Securities and Exchange Commission
Created to regulate the stock market and place strict limits on the kind of speculative practices that had led the crash -
The Federal Housing Administration
Gave the construction industry and homeowners a boost by insuring bank loans for building new houses and repairing old ones -
Resettlement Administration
Provided loans to sharecroppers, tenants, and small farmers. Also established federal camps where migrant workers could find housing -
The Grapes of Wrath Published
Steinbeck wrote a novel chronicling the hardships of Americans as they moved from the Midwest to California during the Dust Bowl
