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1572 BCE
The capture of Tupac Amaru
The Spanish captured the last Inca ruler, Tupac Amaru, in Vicabamba. He was executed in Cusco, marking the official end of the Inca Empire. With his death, organized resistance to Spanish rule collapses. -
1537 BCE
The Inca Retreat to Vilcabamba
The Inca established a small kingdom in Vilcabamba, hidden deep in the Andes. From here, they launch guerrilla attacks against the Spanish This Becomes the final stronghold of the Inca resistance. -
1536 BCE
Manco Incas Rebellion
Manco Inca, installed as a puppet ruler by the Spanish, attempts to fight back. He leads a massive rebellion and lays siege to Cusco but ultimately fails. Afterward, he flees to the remote city of Vilcabamba to continue resisting Spanish rule. -
1535 BCE
Lima is Established
Pizarro founded Lima, Which became the Spanish capital of South America. This solidifies Spain's dominance over former Inca lands, The inca people are forced to adapt to a new way of life under Spanish rule -
1533 BCE
Execution of Atahualpa
Atahualpa offers a massive ransom of gold and silver to secure his release, but Pizarro has him executed anyway. With Atahualpa's death, the empire loses its central leadership. The Spanish begin taking control of Inca territories. -
1532 BCE
Battle of Cajamarca
Pizarro lures Atahualpa to a meeting in Cajamarca under the guise of peace. The Spanish ambushed the Inca, slaughtering thousands and capturing Atahualpa. Despite their small numbers, Spanish weapons, horses, and tactics overwhelm the Incas. -
1532 BCE
Atahualpa Wins the civil war
Atahualpa emerges victorious, capturing and killing his brother Huascar. However, his triumph leaves the empire in disarray, with political tensions and a depleted army. This creates an opening for a new threat, the Spanish conquistadors. -
1532 BCE
The arrival of Francisco Pizarro
Spanish Conquistador Francisco Pizarro lands in Peru with a small force of men, The Spanish are motivated by rumors of immense Inca wealth. Their arrival coincides with the empire's internal chaos, giving them an advantage. -
1527 BCE
Civil war Between Atahualpa and Huascar
Atahualpa and Huascar fought over who should be the next emperor after their fathers death. The war devastates the emperor after their father's death. The war devastated the empire, with cities destroyed and many people killed. By the end of the war, The Inca were significantly weakened and divided. -
1525 BCE
Death of Huayna Capac
Huayna Capac dies suddenly, likely from smallpox brought by the Europeans before they arrived in person His death sparked a power struggle between his sons, Atahualpa and Huascar. This internal conflict weakens the unity of the empire. -
1493 BCE
Huayna Capac Becomes Emperor
Huayana Capac inherits a massive and well-organized empire from his father, Tupac Inca Yupanqui. He focuses on consolidating power and integrating new territories into the empire. His reign marks the peak of Inca expansion and prosperity. -
1480 BCE
Conquest of the Chimu Empire
The Inca defeated the Chimu, a powerful civilization along the northern coast of Peru, By taking over the Chimu territory, they gained control of valuable resources and skilled artisans. This victory helps the Inca grow even stronger economically and culturally. -
1471 BCE
Tupac Inca Yupanqui Expands the Empire
Pachacuti's son, Tupac Inca Yupanqui, takes over and continues his father's work. He leads military campaigns that extends the empire into Ecuador, Bolivia, and parts of Argentina and Chile. His reign solidifies the Inca dominance over a vast region -
1450 BCE
Creation Of the Road system
The Inca Build the Qhapaq Nan a network of roads spanning over 24,000 miles. These roads connect cities, temples, and administrative centers across the empire. The system makes communication and transportation efficient, strengthening the empire's control. -
1440 BCE
Construction of Machu Piccu
During Pachacuti's reign, the royal estate of Machu Picchu is built in the Andes mountain. It becomes a retreat for the emperor and a spiritual center, Its construction showcases the Inca's advanced engineering skills and connection to nature. -
1438 BCE
Pachacuti Becomes Emperor
Pachacuti, known as the "earth-shaker" rises to power after defending Cusco from invasion. He reorganizes the Inca government and begins large-scale expansions, turning the Inca into a dominant power. Under his leadership, the Inca Empire starts to take its iconic shape. -
1400 BCE
Early Expansion of The Inca
The Inca begin conquering neighboring tribes and expanding their territory. They use diplomacy and warfare to bring other groups under rules. These early conquests laid the foundation for the largest empire in the Americas. -
1230 BCE
Manco Capac Found Cusco
Cusco becomes the small capital of the Inca tribe. It starts as a simple village. -
1200 BCE
The Beginning of the Inca
The Incas settled in the Cusco Valley in modern-day Peru. Manco Capac is said to be their first Leader. -
Legacy of the Incas
Despite the fall of their empire, the Inca people's culture survives through their descendants. Inca traditions, languages like Quechua, and other achievements in architecture and agriculture remain influential. Sites like Machu Picchu remind the world of the Inca's incredible legacy.