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Period: Jan 1, 1485 to
England was ruled by the Tudors
The family believed in divine rights and recognized that good relations with parliament could mean good things for their rule, unlike King James I. James I did not believe in having good relations with Parliament, and wanted to be an absolute rulers. -
Queen Elizabeth Died
Elizabeth died without having children and her heir James I, ruling King of Scotland, took the throne. James inherited many problems that Elizabeth and her husband, Henry, had neglected to handle during their reign, resulting in James’s family being pitted against parliament. -
James 1 gives a Speech
The king made a speech to parliament saying that he is an absolute monarch and they have no power, but his speech had the opposite effect of what he planned. -
Charles 1 became King
Charles 1 inherited the throne. He acted as an absolute monarch and dissolving Parliament. -
Charles 1 Summoned Parliament
Charles’s need to raise taxes forced him to summon parliament after he had dissolved them. However, before voting on any funds, Parliament made Charles sign the Petition of Right. -
Parliament was Dissolved
Charles dissolved Parliament because he did not want to have to get their consent before he made a decision. He signed the Petition of Right, which meant that Parliament would have to give their consent before Charles could raise taxes or jail anyone without legal justification. -
Charles tried Imposing Prayer Book on Scottland
Charles and the Archbishop of Canterbury, William Laud, tried to impose the Angelican prayer book on Scotland. So the Calvanist Scots revolted. -
Charles Summoned Parliament Once Again
To get funds to suppress the Scottish rebellion, Charles summoned Parliament once again. However Parliament revolted, which caused the Long Parliament. -
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Long Paliament
Long Parliament were meetings on and off for 13 years. They punished Charles ministers for trying to dissolve them. Parliament claimed that Parliament cannot be dissolved without their own consent. -
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English Civil War
The English Civil War - After Parliament declared that they could not be dissolved without their own permission, Charles lashed back and led troops to the House of Commons to arrest the most radical leaders. They escaped and responded by creating an army of their own. Parliament had the King by 1647. -
King Carles 1 Execution
King Charles I was beheaded. It was a shock to everyone. It was the first time a ruling monarch had been tried and executed by his own people. -
Catholics were Exilied
Parliament passed a law exiling most Catholics to the west of Ireland. If any of them were found disobeying this order, they could be killed immediately. Many were put on trial. -
Cromwell took the Name of Lord Protector
The challenges to order grew, so Cromwell took the title Lord Protector. After that, he ruled as a virtual dictator through the army. -
Cromwell Died
Cromwell died. The Puritans lost their grip on England because many people were tired of military rule and strict Puritan ways. -
Parliament invites back Charles II
A newly elected Parliament invited Charles II to return to England from exile. This was a result of Cromwell’s death. The loss of the Puritan’s grip on England affected Parliament. -
James II Inherited Throne
Charles’s brother, James II, inherited the throne, but was not nearly as popular as Charles was. He cause many English Protestants to fear that he would restore the Roman Catholic church. It cause worry in the protestant church. -
The Glorious Revolution
Parliamentary leaders did not want the Roman Catholic Church restored to England, so they invited James’s Protestant daughter, Mary, and her Dutch Protestant husband, William III of Orange, to become rulers of England. When William and Mary landed with their army James II fled to France. -
The English Bill of Rights
In order to be crowned, William and Mary had to accept the English Bill of Rights. These acts, passed by Parliament ensured the superiority of Parliament over the monarchy, required the monarchy to regularly summon Parliament, give the House of Commons control over spending, and restated the traditional rights of English citizens, such as trial by jury.
