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Washington's Neutrality Proclamation
President George Washington issued a Neutrality Proclamation to define the policy of the United States in response to the spreading war in Europe. -
Jay Treaty
The agreement in 1794 between England and the U.S. by which limited trade relations were established, England agreed to give up its forts in the northwestern frontier, and a joint commission was set up to settle border disputes. -
Washington's farewell address
Washington exhorted Americans to set aside their violent likes and dislikes of foreign nations, lest they be controlled by their passions. -
embargo act of 1807
Embargo Act, Legislation by the U.S. Congress in December 1807 that closed U.S. ports to all exports and restricted imports from Britain. -
chesapeake-leopard affair
The Chesapeake–Leopard affair was a naval engagement off the coast of Norfolk, Virginia, on June 22, 1807, between the British fourth-rate HMS Leopard and the American frigate USS Chesapeake. -
War Hawks
Known as the “War Hawks,” they were mostly young politicians from hailing from the West and South. Led by new Speaker of the House Henry Clay, this small group of Jeffersonian Republicans pressed for a military confrontation to redress American grievances. -
Impressment of sailors
Impressment, or “press gang” as it was more commonly known, was recruitment by force. It was a practice that directly affected the U.S. and was even one of the causes of the War of 1812. -
Treaty Ghent
The Treaty of Ghent was the peace treaty that ended the War of 1812 between the United States and the United Kingdom. -
Tecumseh
Tecumseh, angered by U.S. expansion, led a multi-tribal army which allied itself with the British against the United States. Yet with Tecumseh's death at the Battle of the Thames near our Canadian border, the Indian alliance fell apart and forced a British retreat which effectively ended the War of 1812. -
War of 1812
The War of 1812 was fought by the United States of America and its indigenous allies against the United Kingdom and its own indigenous allies in British North America, -
Hartford Convention
The Hartford Convention was a gathering of New England Federalists from December 15, 1814, to January 4, 1815. They discussed concerns over perceived federal government encroachments and the impact of the War of 1812. -
Battle of New Orleans
The Battle of New Orleans was fought on January 8, 1815, between the British Army under Major General Sir Edward Pakenham and the United States Army under Brevet Major General Andrew Jackson.