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American neutrality questionable
American Neutrality was threatened because the French said that they would stop all trade with the british which was mostly the Americans and America was stuck in the middle -
The British and French Abuse American Ships
British and French abuse of American neutrality-seizing ships and impressing sailors-angered Americans. "Free trade and sailors' rights!" became a popular slogan. But whenthe British fired on the Chesapeake, cries for war began to break out. -
Begining of the war
The HMS Leopard opens fire on the USS Chesapeake in Chesapeak,VA because of the refusal to allow the British (HMS Leopard) to board the ship to check for british deserters. -
Embargo Act
President Jefferson reccomends that congress passes the embargo act thet forbid all American ships to leave for foerign ports and hoped that it would bring the French and British to stop war -
New President
After Jeffersons 2nd term he had refused to run for a third term and in sted supported James Madison and James Madison was the newly elected president -
Nonintercourse act
This act replaced the embargo act and stated that american merchants and ships were allowed to trade with other countries except for Britian or France -
Embargo Act gets repealed
The Embargo act backfired on the US because it ahd stopped trade qwith foerign countries and that was most of the countries trade. With the US not trading with any other countries the econmoy was in bad shape. The french and British barely felt the embargo act and it hurt the us mostly -
Napoleon agrees with american neutrality
Napoleon agrees with the Americans on their neutrality in attempt to get the Americans to stop trade with Britian -
Madison changes rules for nonintercouse act
Madison realized the nonintercouse act was not solving the problem and not wanting to go to war he said that if eiether country agreed with American neutrality then America would cut off trade with the other country -
Ready for war
Madison seeing no way out is ready to go to war with Britian. Feels this way after french violate American neutrality and are given no way out -
French lie
The french after just agreeing not to violate American neutrality continue to violate American neutrality and cause the start of the war -
The Battle of Tippecanoe
The Northwest was becoming filled with settlers. As the settlers settled into Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois, they forced the Indians to cede land and move further and further west. A powerful Shawnee chief named Tecumseh and his brother, known as the Prophet, were furious at the loss of Indian lands. In November 1811, William Henry Harrison, who was then governor of the Indiana Territory, led a force to Prophetstown and clashed with Tecumseh's warriors. It was a bloody fight with no clear vict -
New republicians
Clay and Calhoun newcomers to the political game agree that America must go to war or surrender to Britian -
The Declaration of the War of 1812
Throughout early 1812 American patience with Britain continued to decline. Then, late in May 1812, Madison recieved word that the British stand on neutral rights was unyielding. Seeing no choice, President Madison asked Congress on June 1st for a declaration of war. -
The Early Campaigns on Both Sides
In the late summer and fall of 1812, American troops launched a three-pronged attack against Canada. In the West, General William Hull marched from Detroit to canada and came back because the British were too strong. In the second prong, General Stephen Van Rensselaer crossed the Niagra River to seize a Canadian village, but the invasion failed because the New York militia refused to follow the army across the river. Finally, General Henry Dearborn suffered the same fate as the last two. -
Period: to
War of 1812
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The British Blockade the American Coast
By 1813 the British had tightly blockaded the American coast from Long Island to Georgia. This stopped both overseas trade and trade among the states, which depended on coastal water routes. -
The United States Starts Fighting Back
In September 1813 the United States finally had success in its Canadian campaign. Captain Oliver H. Perry was ordered to prepare for the Battle on Lake Erie, but he had few ships. With lumber from oak trees and iron from barn door hinges, he had several ships built. When the British challenged Perry, his makeshift navy won the battle. With this victory, the United States gained control of Lake Erie and forced the British to leave Detroit. -
The Battle of Horshoe Bend
In March 1814, General andrew Jackson of the Tennessee militia led his troops against the Creek Indians, who had been attacking settlers. The Battle of Horshoe Bend was costly for both sides, but Jackson won. The Creek were forced to cede to the United States about two-thirds of their lands, part of present-day Georgia and Alabama. Jackson became a general in the United States Army. -
The British Strike Back
In April 1814 the British had finally defeated Napoleon in Europe and could now send experienced troops to America. Before those troops could arrive however, Americans tried once again to invade Canada. By August veteran British troops began to arrive. One British force swept down from Canada across Lake Champlain, and a second British force landed at Chesapeake Bay and marched towards Washington. The British set fire to the White House, the Capitol, and other government buildings in hatred. -
The Americans Stop the British at Fort McHenry
The British were stopped by American troops at Fort McHenry on the way to Baltimore. An American lawyer named Francis Scott Key was on a British ship trying to arrange an exchange of prisoners. From the deck, he watched the British bombardment of the fort through the night.The sight moved him to write "The Star-Spangled Banner." -
The Americans Lose All Hope
Despite the victory on Lake Champlain and the standoff at Baltimore, the American cause seemed hopeless in the fall of 1814. More British troops were on theway to America, and the American treasury was empty. -
The Hartford Convention
On December 15, Federalist delegates from Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Vermont met in Hartford, Connecticut. The delegates proposed several constitutional amendments that would give New England a stronger voice in government. They also declared that if the national government threatened people's liberty or states' rights, the states then had the duty to resist. -
The Treaty of Ghent
In 1814 American and British comissioners had begun peace talks at Ghent in Belgium. After years of war with France and then war with the United States, the British longed for peace. Americans were just as eager to end the fighting. On Christmas Eve, 1814, the American and British comissioners signed the Treaty of Ghent. The treaty provided for the return of all occupied territory and restored the pre-war boundaries between the United States and Canada. -
The Battle of New Orleans
General Andrew Jackson, now commander of American forces in the Southwest, heard the rumors of invasion. When British troops landed in Pensacola, he invaded Spanish Florida and seized the city. He then moved on to defend New Orleans. On the frosty dawn of January 8, 1815, the British attacked Jackson's defenses. Jackson's gunners waited until the British came in range, then unleashed a withering fire. Line after line of redcoats toppled in the field. After half an hour of battle, it was over.
