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Balkans Crisis
The Balkans Crisis was a prelude to the first World War and were when Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro and Serbia had achieved independence from the Ottoman Empire. These wars served as a peek into what was to come into the world. -
Panama Canal
The Panama Canal connects the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean and is 48 miles in length. It is a key conduit for maritime trade and cuts through Panama to make it so that ships dont have to circle the entire South American Shoreline. -
Little Richard
Little Richard started his songwriting in 1947 and was an influential figure for laying the foundation of Rock and Roll. He was important in forming music such as soul and funk. His breakout song was Tutti Frutti. -
Elvis Presley
Elvis Presley was one of the most important cultural icons in the 20th century. He was dubbed the "King of Rock and Roll" and created his own style of dance. "Elvis the Pelvis" -
Lee Harvey Oswald
Oswald was a U.S Marine in the past that defected and went to the Soviet Union for a while. He was let back into the U.S killed President John F. Kennedy on November 22, 1963. -
G.I Bill
The G.I bill was made to help veterans of WWII. The veterans had lower interest mortgages and reduced tuition expenses. Hospitals were esablshed from this bill too. -
Nagasaki
The second nuclear bomb was dropped on Nagasaki by the U.S. The bomb named "Fat Man" destroyed most of Nagasaki and brought Japan to surrender. Harry S. Truman ordered the bombing. This bombing was bigger than Hiroshima and killed thousands of people in the initial blast. -
Hiroshima
The first nuclear bomb was dropped on Hiroshima by the U.S. The bomb named "Little Boy ravaged Hiroshima and killed 90,000-146,000 people. Harry S. Truman ordered the bombing to try to end the war. This bombing was the first of the two that caused Vietnam to surrender. -
Iron Curtain
The Iron Curtain was a physical and theoretical barrier that divided Europe in half. The Soviets built this barrier to keep itself and its satellite states from contact with Western civilizations.It was first mentioned by WInston Churchill in a speech. -
Truman Doctrine
The United States would give support to countries that are threatened by communism. It was seen as an open declaration of the Cold War by the Soviets. This doctrine combatted communism to prevent its spread. -
Marshall Plan
The Marshall Plan was a program that gave economic and military aid to European countries to help them recover. It was meant to help prevent the spread of communism in which the Soviets would control weaker countries. -
Berlin Airlift
The Berlin Airlift was a military operation that gave supplies to people in West Berlin after the Soviets cut off all connection from them. -
Fair Deal
The Fair Deal was Harry Truman's plan. It focused on health insurance and raising the minimum wage. Equal rights would also be granted to all Americans. Truman wanted to give more help to Americans and wanted to increase their lives by bettering it. -
Beat Generation
A literary movement started by authors. Their work looked deeply into American culture and influenced the politics in the post-World War II era. -
Korean War
North Korea invaded South Korea while being backed by Soviet Russia. The United States sided with South Korea and pushed them back. THe war eneded in a border called the 38th Parallel -
Rock 'n' Roll
Ike Turner created a song named "Rocket 88" and it was considered to be the first rock and roll song. Rock and roll were a mix of rhythm and blues that took a more upbeat swing. Rock and Roll found prominence in the 1960's of America. -
Bill Haley and the Comets
It was founded in 1952 and ended with Haley's death in 1981. They were the earliest white musicians to get attention to rock and roll. They covered the song "Rocket 88" and made the music which came to be rock and roll -
Polio Vaccine
Dr. Jonas Salk developed the Polio vaccine and was able to get rid of almost all of the disease with the medicine. He was an American medical researcher. -
Brown v. Board of Education
Brown v. Board was the case that started integration of African Americans into formerly all-white schools. The Supreme Court ruled that state laws that established public schools to be racially separate to be unconstitutional, -
Emmett Till Tragedy
Emmett Till was brutally murdered by white people when visiting his relatives. He was accused of flirting with a white girl because of a dare and the girl's family beat him up for it. They dumped his body in the river where he was found days later. His mom put him on an open- casket display and decades later, the girl admitted that Till never tried to flirt with her. -
Television
The television was a major innovation in that it could show people images from their houses. With this, people could watch television debates while seeing the actual debaters. This was important to JFK because he won his election by being attractive to his viewers. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
It was started by Rosa Parks when she refused to give her seat up to a white man. People in Montgomery started carpools to avoid going on buses that discriminated agaisnt blacks. They got beat up for it and drew attention to themselves. The boycott sought to integrate bus systems. -
Little Rock 9
At Central High, 9 African American students were trying to be integrated into the all-white school. They faced significant discrimination as the Governor, Orval Faubus, used the National Gaurd to prevent their entering. A white mob also assembled to prevent their passage. -
Feminism
Feminism is the ideology that women should have rights equal to men. In the 1960's, women were prominent in the workforce and demanded equal rights based on the fact that they could work men's jobs. -
Chicano Mural Movement
The Chicano Mural Movement took part in the 1960's and sought to raise awareness of Mexican-Americans. The artists attempted to establish a unique identity by creating works of art. This led to increased awareness of Mexican-Americans -
Politics(Nixon, Kennedy)
Television was a major factor in Nixon's and Kennedy's election. Kennedy won by using his appearance on TV to improve his votes. People who only had radio thought Nixon won while people with Tv's thought otherwise. This election was very close and JFK used his appearance to his advantage. -
New Frontier
John F. Kennedy's plan was very Liberal as JFK was a Democratic president. He first used this term in his Election speech and had a Progressive point of view. He improved social security, added food stamps and increased minimum wage, etc. -
Peace Corps
The Peace Corps is a volunteer program by the U.S government. Their mission is to provide technical assistance and helping people outside the United States. It was founded by John F. Kennedy and helps thousands of people each year. The program was established by Executive Order 10924. -
Naval Quarantine
President Kennedy imposed a blockade on Cuba to ensure that nuclear missiles or parts of them did not get in. They planned to block Soviet Russia from Cuba since the missiles would be able to hit any part of the U.S if fired. -
Assassination of JFK
JFK was assassinated at 12:30 p.m in Dallas while doing a motorcade for the people of Dallas. He was shot by Lee Harvey Oswald and died in the hospital hours later. His brain matter spilled out of his head. The assassination was sniper-styled and the case did not have absolute proof that Oswald did it alone. -
Jack Ruby
Jack Ruby was a nightclub owner who killed Lee Harvey Oswald. He killed him to "avenge" John F. Kennedy who was murdered by Oswald. Ruby was sentenced to death for murdering Oswald but said he should be looked at as a hero. Ruby became ill in his cell and died from a side effect of his lung cancer. -
Warren Commission
The Warren Commission was the President's commission on the Assassination of John F. Kennedy. The commission was established a week after Kennedy died by Lyndon B. Johnson, his successor. This commission could not absolutely define Oswald acting alone and faced many skepticism and conspiracies. It was led by Chief Justice Warren. -
Great Society
Lyndon B. Johnson's plan was the great society which as a set of domestic programs which sought to eliminate poverty and racial injustice. The War on Poverty was the legislation that Johnson introduced first because of the nineteen percent poverty rate in the United States. -
Anti-War Movement
The anti-war movement is a social movement that refers to the opposition of war. People oppose the decision to start an armed conflict because of a pre-existing cause. This term can also be linked to pacifism because it opposes any military forces during conflicts. This movement took effect during the hippie age in which everything was accepting. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
A piece of legislation that outlawed racial segregation in schools and public places. This was made to help African-Americans gain more rights and to protect the harsh segregation in the South and public places. -
Daisy Girl Ad
The Daisy Girl Ad was a controversial advertisement that aired during Lyndon B. Johnson's campaign. The ad was controversial because it featured the brutal death of a girl by a nuclear attack on television. The ad was shown to show the neglect of Johnson's opponent if he were to come into the office. This ad tipped the scales in Johnson's favor. -
Selma March
MLK organized a march in Selma and tens of thousands of African American protested their right to vote. They were met wih tear gas and clubs but tv crews caught all of the drama and aired it for all Americans to see. The event was deemed "Bloody Sunday" -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 was effective on August 6, 1965, and prohibited racial discrimination in voting. This Act mainly sought to give African Americans their right to vote without influence. It was able to overcome the state laws that prevented African Americans from excersising their right to vote. -
Watts Riots
The Watts Riots were a turning point within the Civil Rights Movement because white people took notice of violent blacks and some turned against them or withdrew their support. The event was caused by the arresting of a black man by a police officer. This event was major in that most whites switched sides -
Tet Offensive
The Tet Offensive was a huge surprise attack by the North Vietnamese. 70,000 North Vietnamese and Vietcong coordinated this deadly offensive in South Vietnam. It failed and the U.S and South Vietnamese won back the land shortly after. -
Warren Burger Supreme Court
Warren was the 15th Chief Justice of the United States and was a conservative. The Supreme Court delivered numerous conservative decisions under him. He was appointed by Richard Nixon and belonged to the Republican Party. -
Nixon's Presidency
Nixon came to the presidency in 1968 after Johnson did not seek a re-election. Nixon was a Democrat and was remembered for the Watergate scandal in which he wiretapped multiple offices and recorded himself saying bad things. He was the first president to resign from office because he did not want to be impeached for his actions to cover up his scandal. -
Stonewall Riot
The stonewall riots were a series of violent demonstrations by members of the gay community. A police raid took place in the morning and sparked outrage among the gay community -
Stagflation
Stagflation is the situation where inflation is high, economic growth slows and unemployment rates are high. The U.S faced this in the 1970's. The cause of stagflation is most often caused by supply side stock which will create rising prices. -
Emails
Emails were made by Tomlison who sent the first message in 1971. His text message started a revolution whcih came to be known as emails and rose to let other people send messages to each other over long distances almost instantaneously. -
Equal Rights Amendment
The equal rights amendments guaranteed equal rights to all citizens regardless of gender. It sought to end discrimination based on race and make distinctions between men and women in terms of divorce, emplyment, etc. -
Roe vs. Wade
Roe vs Wade reversed a Texas law that made it a crime for women to get an abortion. The Supreme court issued that it violated her due process and was a landmark issue on the issue of abortion. The ultimate rulling was that she could be assisted -
Rap Music
The first rap music was by DJ Kool Herc in Bronx, New York. He and his sister hosted back to school parties in their building and created the first beginnings of rap. Rap began by the hip hop era and used it as a sort of passageway. -
Endangered Species Act
The endangered species act sought to protect wildlife and nature in the United States of America. This is the most important laws for protecting endangered wildflife and plants and the federal government has made it their responsibility to punish anyone caught breaking it. -
Beginnings of the Personal Computer
The first personal computer was the Altair 8800 which was introduced by Ed Roberts. The computer had basic programming and used an Intel CPU. This computer was the start of a new generation that relied on technology. -
Online Gaming
Online gaming was formed when technology got advanced enough to support connections between multiple gamers. Adventure in 1975 was the first widely played adventure game and featured many games such as Dungeons and Dragons -
Black Entertainment (BET)
Black Entertainment Television was started in 1979 and is an American basic cable and television channel. They started to feature only African-Americans and cater to their race. Oprah WInfrey was featured on BET at poitns in time. -
Three-Mile Island
The Three Mile Island was an Accident caused by a Nuclear Meltdown in Pennsylvania. The meltdown was a serious incident and made the Three Mile Island incredibly deadly although there were no injuries or health effects from the incident. -
Iran Hostage Crisis
The Iran hostage crisis was a nonviolent stand-off between Iran and the United States. 42 diplomats and citizens were held for 444 days and the crisis cost Jimmy Carter a second term. Ultimately the hostages were released and sent back to their families. -
Reagonomics
Reaganomics was a term associated with US president Ronald Reagan. The word associated with the reduction of taxes and free-market activity. This was Reagan's plan to fix the nation's economic mess in the 1980's -
Election of 1980
The election of 1980 was between Ronald Reagan and Jimmy Carter. Carter was Democrat while Reagan was Republican. George H.W Bush was the running mate and Reagan defeated Jimmy because of his increasingly low popularity. -
Strategic Defense Initiative(SDI) "Star Wars"
The Star Wars Program was started by Ronald Reagan in order to form an anti-ballistic missile system to prevent missile attacks from other countries such as the Soviet Union. We tried to give it to the Soviets to make them waste precious time and resources on the device. -
Reagan Doctrine
The Reagan Doctrine is Reagan's plan for his administration. It describes his foreign policy to support anti-communists and served as the foundation for his freedom speech. It also served to provide aid to anti soviets. -
Iran Contra Affair
The Iran-Contra was a political scandal during the Reagan Administration in which weapons were given to the Iran who were fighting the Iraq. This action was not approved of by the Congress although it still happened -
Challenger Explosion
The Challenger Explosion took place on January 28, 1986 and resulted in the deaths of 7 crew members. The shuttle broke apart in 73 seconds and brought an end to the spacecraft's 10th mission. THe disaster was caught on video by multiple TV crews. -
Persian Gulf War
The Persian Gulf War was the building of troops and defenses in Saudi Arabia which was triggered by Iraq's invasion of Kuwait. Saddam Hussein ordered the invasion of Kuwait and their neighboring countries called on the Western Powers to intervene. -
Rodney King Incident
The Rodney King Incident was formed after he was caught speeding when a police saw him. They were led on a high speed chase until he was pulled out of his car. The four white officers beat King nearly to death and a nearby resident caught the whole incident on film -
Election of 1992
The election was between President George H. Bush and Bill Clinton. Bush represented the Republicans while Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton represented the Democratic party. Ross Perot was the Independent party during the election. -
World Trade Center Attack- 1993
The World Trade Center was attacked on February 26, 1993, in an attempt to bring down the trade center. The terrorist attempt killed six people and injured hundreds. The bomb was in a truck and detonated in the garage beneath the World Trade Center. -
Don't Ask, Don't Tell Policy
The Dont Ask Dont Tell Policy makes it so that gay or lesbian service members do not have to tell anyone that they are. This will reduce the amount of discrimination they face. -
Lewinsky Affair
Bill Clinton was involved in a scandal involving his intern, Monica Lewinsky. They engaged in sexual activities and Clinton lied about his relationship with her. Clinton lied under oath and was impeached for the incident. They were caught when they scanned her blue dress and found President DNA on it. -
Welfare Reform
The Welfare Reform was a movement that changed the federal government's social welfare policy by cutting benefits and reduce aid to the poor. This reform cut many people off of welfare and reduced government spending. Bill Clinton passed the reform and shrunk the welfare rolls. -
Defense of Marriage Act(DOMA)
The Defense of Marriage Act was a federal law that defined marriage as a federal purpose and allowed states to refuse gay marriage. DOMA was made to bar same-sex married couples from being recognised as spouses and did not give them the benefits that a married couple would have. -
Bush vs. Gore
The case was the United State's Supreme Court decision to solve the dispute around the 2000 presidential election. They ordered that Florida had a manual recount of vote ballots to further ensure that they made the correct decision. -
Home Video Game Systems
Home Video Games were introduced in the Modern Era and consisted of things such as Nintendo, Sega, Etc. The atari was an extremely popular game system back in the day and drew lots of attention and fans. -
Election of 2000
The election of 2000 was between the governor of Texas, George H. W. Bush and Al Gore who was the Vice President. Bush lost to Gore in the popular vote but won in the electoral college. This caused Bush to gain the Presidency. -
Election of 2000 Controversy
The Election of 2000 generated lots of controversy because of miscounted votes. Bush and Gore both got an extremely same amount of votes and Florida had to manually recount their ballots to ensure the real winner. This controversy made the Bush vs. Gore Supreme Court Case. -
9/11 Attacks
On September 11, 2001 , Terrorists crashed four planes into the United States. Two hit the World Trade Center and the third hit the Pentagon. The fourth plane was crashed into the ground by the passengers who subdued their attackers. -
War on Terror
The War on Terror is a military campaign that began after 9/11. President Bush announced the War on Terror and we went to Afghanistan to try and suppress the supposed terrorism that took place in the country -
Patriot Act
The Patriot Act was signed by George W. Bush and was a counter-terrorism act. The Act was Bush's response to the War on Terror and was written by Jim Sensenbrenner. The act gives law enforcement greater powers to prevent terrorism in the United States. -
No Child Left Behind Education Act
The No Child Left Behind Act was George W. Bush's plan to reform the education of schools across America. The law required states to test students in reading and math from grades 3-8 and once in high school. The testing was supposed to help children see if they were up to speed. -
2nd Iraq War
In 2003, The U.S invaded Iraq to start another Iraq War and to search for terrorists and weapons of mass destruction. This war was costly and produced no results of any kind. Bush payed for it by not being re-elected. -
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act was a stimulus package that was enacted by the congress and signed by Obama. It came into effect in 2009 and served to boost the economy. -
Affordable Care Act (ACA) "Obamacare"
The Affordable Care Act was a healthcare act that served to give all citizens private healthcare if they pay. It amends other acts and is a health care reform law that came into effect shortly after Obama's administration. -
Health Care Reform
This bill repeals the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010. The reform will imrpove health care throughout the United States and provide regualations and guidance to pre-existing problems.
