-
Period: to
Eisenhower Era- Stalemated Seventies
-
Domestic Policy during Eisenhower's time
[Joseph McCarthy Biography](http://<a href='http://www.biography.com/people/joseph-mccarthy-9390801)' >McCarthy Bio</a>
McCarthyism is a "label for dangerous forces of unfainess and fear that a democratic society can unleash only at its peril." Josephy McCarthy was an anticommunist who was paranoid about everything being communistic. He went so far as to accuse the U.S. Army of communism, which got him into a large amount of trouble and the end of his career. -
Rosa Parks & the Montgomery Bus Boycott
indybay.org In 1955, Rosa Parks got onto a bus in Montgomery, Alabama and took a seat. A white man got onto the bus, demamnded her seat, and she refused. She was arrested for this. This started the Montgomery Bus Boycott (Dec. 1,1955-Dec. 20, 1956) where thousands of blacks decided to not ride the bus. This resulted in the end of segregation on busses, an early victory for African Americans. -
Domestic Policy during Eisenhower's time
Dwight Eisenhower signed the Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956 that gave permission for the construction of the Interstate Highway Act. This act put forth twenty-seven billion dollars worth of money into building over forty-two thousand miles of roads for highways. This project created a vast number of jobs; sped up the modernization of America; and benefited industries, such as oil, travel, and trucking. -
Southern Christian Leadership Conference
PBS.org Martin Luther King Jr. created the SCLC in 1957 that aimed to give the vast power of black churches to help African American rights. This took place shortly after the Montgomery Bus Boycott movement. This association aimed at nonviolent methods to obtain equalities that blacks had been long waiting for, and was a huge in towns such as Birmingham, Alabama, and Selma, Alabama. -
Dwight Eisenhower
The White House Eisenhower was sworn into office in 1957 as America's thirty-fourth president, serving until 1961. Popular for his likable attitude, he easily won the election when stating that he would go to Korea himself to bring an end to the war, which he did in December 1952 threeatening with nuclear power if the fighting didn't cease. He was an overall good president, but didn't do much for the Civil Rights issue. -
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
New Georgia Encyclopedia The SNCC (pronounced "snick") was an organization formed in April 1960 by a group of students that wanted to focus on equality. This was encouaraged by the earlier "sit-in" movement that started by four college blacks demanding service at a white's only part of a restaurant. SNCC was later changed to "Student National Coordinating Committee" due to the impatience of not obtaining their rights. -
John F. Kennedy
The White House "Ask not what your country can do for you--ask what you can do for your country" was one of Kennedy's most famous quotes. Kennedy was well-liked throughout the country with his looks and personality. Unlike Eisenhower, he did much for the Civil Rights Movement including the creation of legislation that fought against racism. Kennedy was assassinated on November 22, 1963 in Dallas, Texas. -
Freedom Riders
Kennedy, David., et al. The American Pageant. Thirteenth edition Freedom Riders were a group of people who rode busses to get equality in facilities like the interstae bus system. In May 1961 by Anniston, Alabama, a bus was torched by an angry group of white people that did not want integration. Southern officials sometimes would not comply with the laws or refused to intervene with the violence, so Washington sent federal marshals to protect and guard Freedom Riders from mad white mobs. -
Domestic policy during Kennedy's time
Green Berets- JFK President Kennedy created the Peace Corps. in 1961. This organization was aimed at peace around the world, and was filled with "an army of idealistic and mostly youthful volunteers to bring American skills to underdeveloped countries." But, if peace didn't work, force would. Kennedy also creat Special Forces ("Green Berets") in 1962. -
Voter Education Project
The Voter Education Project The VEP was a project to help register blacks to vote in the south. It was encouraged by Attorney General Robert Kennedy, who also helped to support it with Kennedy-prodded private funds. It was a branch of the Southern Regional Council (SRC), but became inependent in 1969. The program wanted to help out blacks to be able to vote without having to protest for that right. -
Domestic Policy during Kennedy's time
During Kennedy's presidency, he proposed that American's should go up to the moon. Although faced by much opposition that the billions of dollars to be spent on space exploration could be spent better elsewhere, the space program excelled. Then, in 1969 the world watched as American's were the first to step foot onto the moon. Although Kennedy wasn't around to view this, he is the one that provoked this amazing event to be explored and occur. -
James Meredith rejection from Ole Miss
James Meredith Biography Meredith was the first black student at the University of Mississippi ("Ole Miss"). Originally he was admited to the school, but when they find out he was black they took his admission away. Due to the ruling of Brown v. Board of Education in 1954 that made schools get rid of segregation, he filed a suit, but it was rejected. Pres. Kennedy found out and sent troops to escort him to and around school. -
Attack in Birmingham
Stories of the American South In 1963, thousands of peaceful protestors marched in Birmingham for the Civil Rights Movement. They were met with extremely fierce opposition from police and firemen with police dogs and high powered fire hoses that literally tore skin off the blacks of those being hit because it was so strong. On June 11, 1963 President Kennedy made a speech soon after declaring racism as a moral issue. -
Baptist Church Bombing, Alabama
Alabama Public Radio Racism in the south was extremely high throughout the 1960's, especially with many fighting for equality and the tension between whites and blacks rampant. Not long after the attack on peaceful marchers in May of 1963, a bomb exploded at a Baptist Church taking the life of four innocent little girls attending Sunday School. Men were convicted for the bomb, but not until years later. -
Lyndon B. Johnson
The White House LBJ was sworn in on the night of Kennedy's assassination, and served as president until 1969. His goal as president was The Great Society which would do things like help get rid of disease, provide Medicare, and decrease poverty. During his presidency, problems such as black riots and the Vietnam War were underway. This was too much to bear, and he (cowardly) said he would not run for re-election in 1968. -
Domestic policy during Johnson's time
Higher Education Acts The Higher Education Act signed by President Johnson was created to provide federal grants to schools. These grants would help with the construction, remodeling, and renovation of educational facilities. It was also made to assist students who wanted a higher education. This act has been changed or updated over the past several years. -
Twenty-fourth Amendement 1964 & Voting Rights Act of 1965
24th Amendment
The 24th Amendment was passed in 1964 that abolished the poll tax in federal elections. This helped blacks be able to vote, especially in the south. The Voting Rights Act of 1965 outlawed literacy tests and also sent federal voter registrars into many southern states. This act marked the end of the peaceful, nonviolent demonstrations performed by several blacks. -
Civil Rights Act 1964
National Archives This act banned racial discrimination in a lot of private facilities open to the public; strengthened the government's power to end segregation in schools; created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) that would eliminate discrimination in hiring. It also contained Title VII (the sexual clause) that proved to be a powerful tool fighting for gender equality. -
Gulf of Tonkin Incident/Resolution
National Archives The Gulf of Tonkin Incident was when two American destroyers were supposedly fired upon by North Vietnamese on August 2nd and 4th; the 4th is not for sure. What actually happened is still to this day unclear. The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution basically gave President Lyndon B. Johnson a blank check to do what he wanted in Vietnam. He ordered a "limited" retaliatory air raid against North Vietnamese bases. -
Viet Cong attack Americans
In Februart 1965 Viet Cong guerillas attacked the American airbase at Pleiku, South Vietnam. In retaliation, President Johnson ordered bombing raids and the first ground troops to be placed in action. Operation Flaming Dart was the name of the retaliatory move. The attack at Pleiku left nine Americans dead and one hundred twenty-eight more wounded. -
Domestic policy during Johnson's time
Social Security History Two of President Johnson's Great Society goals was the improvement of medical care for the elderly and poor. Medicare for the elderly and Medicaid for the less fortunate proved to be useful and helpful to those in need. Like the Social Security program, these came with "entitlements." These entitlements do some people good, while many people abuse them. -
Tet Offensive
Tet Offensive Tet is a large holiday in Vietnam that celebrates the lunar new year. During the Vietnam War, this was a day that both sides would stop fighting just to celebrate. But, in 1968, North Vietnamese and Viet Cong launched an offensive attack on South Vietnamese cities, including the capital Saigon (now known as Ho Chi Minh City). This decision was made to try and get South Vietnamese to rebel and get America to back out. -
Vietnamization
In 1969, America's involvement in the Vietnam War was causing the United States their own little war within the country. Citizens wanted out of the war because it was proving to be costly and unnecessary. Nixon declared the strategy of "Vietnamization" that would withdraw 540,000 troops over an extended period of time. U.S. troops would teach South Vietnamese what they knew to defend their country, basically telling them to fight their own war. -
Richard Nixon
The White House During Nixon's presidency, he was able to pass and do many things for the country. Some notable works that he helped create is the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Clean Air Act, and the Endangered Species Act. The Watergate Scandal (1972-1974) ruined his presidency when he openly denied having no involvement with the scandalous incident, then admitted the truth in 1974 when he resigned office. -
Domestic policy during Nixon's time
EPA The Environmental Protection Agency was created in response to the pollution and ruining of the planet, signed by Pres. Nixon (1970). The side effects of dirty air, water, and land were becoming extremely obvious simply by plain sight or how it was hurting people and animals. The first Earth Day was April 22, 1970 This day marked the demand of the American people for a cleaner earth and to treat it better than it has been in the past. -
Domestic policy during Nixon's time
History of Clean Air Act Pres. Nixon signed the Clean Air Act of 1970 to control air pollution. It put restrictions and regulations in place to help maintain the amount of bad air coming from facilities and vehicles. In addition, it greatly increased the level of federal enforcement. -
POWs & moon landing; info. from Approaching the Apocalypse Video in class
Several different accounts of the moon landing in 1969 have taken place over the years. Prisoners of War (POW's) did not have any knowledge of their own fellow Americans making history until a few years after. The Hanoi Hannah kept POW's, and stated things along the lines of "how can Americans continue to bomb, when they go up to the moon declaring peace?" This, and the capture of other Americans telling old POW's was when a bit of hope was restored in those who were captured around 1973. -
Gerald Ford
The White House Ford took office when Nixon resigned in 1974, succeeding the first president in United States history ever to quit the presidency. He faced many problems within the country as well as outside, trying to cure the debt and inflation while attempting peace with other nations. His kindness granted Nixon full pardon, which actually ended up tainting his presidency and hurting his chances of another term. -
Domestic policy during Ford's time
WIN Whip Inflation Now (WIN) was a famous speech given by Pres. Ford that spoke of how Americans spent money. The country was in a depression at the time, so he encouraged better ways to take care of money, such as not spending when it isn't necessary and saving up money. The goal was to bring inflation down and get a hold of it, as he declared it as "public enemy number one." -
Domestic policy during Ford's time
Ford Orders Swine Flu Shots In the 1970's, Pres. Ford was challenged by the threat of a possible swine flu epidemic. When the knwoledge of a young man's death came back to Ford, he highly encouraged that everyone get a vaccine shot to prevent getting sick. In December 1976 the vaccination procedures were cancelled due to delays and flaws, and more people died from getting a shot than the actual illness.
