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Apr 5, 1452
leonardo da vinci
He was at once a painter, anatomist, architect, palaeontologist, botanist, writer, sculptor, philosopher, engineer, inventor, musician, poet and town planner. He died accompanied by Francesco Melzi, to whom he bequeathed his projects, designs and paintings. After spending his childhood in his native city, Leonardo studied with the Florentine painter Andrea de Verrocchio. His first major works were created in Milan in the service of Duke Ludovico Sforza. -
May 29, 1453
fall of constatinope
the fall of constantinople into the hands of Ottoman turks, was a historic event that put an end to tghe last vestige of the eastern roman empire and which, in classical periodization and according to some historians, also marked the end of the middle ages in europe. -
Mar 6, 1475
micheal angelo
considered one of the greatest artists in history for his sculptures, paintings and architectural work. He carried out his artistic work for more than seventy years between Florence and Rome, where his great patrons, the Medici family of Florence and the various Roman popes, lived. -
Nov 6, 1479
juana i of castilla's reign
juana i of castilla called "la loca" was queen of castilla from 1504 to 1555, and of aragon and navarra from 1516 to 1555, although since 1506 she did not exercise any effective power and from 1509 she lived locked up in tordesillas, first by order of her father, fernando el catolico, and later by order of her son, king carlos i -
1492
catholic king's reign
the reign of the catholic kings would mean the transition from the middle ages to modern times. Through their marriage, two crowns were united within the Trastamara dynasty, namely those of Castilla and Aragon, giving way to the hispanica monarchy. -
Oct 12, 1492
Discovery of america
the explorer Christopher Colombus made four trips across the Atlantic Ocean from spain: in 1492, 1493, 1498 and 1502. He was determined to find a direct water route west from Europe to Asia, but he never did. Instead, he stumbled upon the Americas. -
Jun 7, 1494
tordesillas treaty
The Treaty of Tordesillas, signed in Tordesillas, Spain on 7 June 1494, and authenticated in Setúbal, Portugal, divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between the Portuguese Empire and the Spanish Empire , along a meridian 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde islands, off the west coast of Africa. That line of demarcation was about halfway between the Cape Verde islands (already Portuguese) and the islands visited by Christopher Columbus on his first voyage -
Jun 7, 1494
printing press by gutemberg
The Treaty of Tordesillas, signed in Tordesillas, Spain on 7 June 1494, and authenticated in Setúbal, Portugal, divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between the Portuguese Empire and the Spanish Empire (Crown of Castile), along a meridian 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde islands, off the west coast of Africa. -
Jul 10, 1509
john calvin
was a French theologian, pastor and reformer in Geneva during the Protestant Reformation. He was a principal figure in the development of the system of Christian theology later called Calvinism, including its doctrines of predestination and of God's absolute sovereignty in the salvation of the human soul from death and eternal damnation. Calvinist doctrines were influenced by and elaborated upon the Augustinian and other Christian traditions. -
1517
martin luther 95 theses
The Ninety-five Theses (German: Fünfundneunzig Thesen) or Disputation on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences[a] was a list of propositions for an academic disputation written in 1517 by Martin Luther, then a professor of moral theology at the University of Wittenberg which was controlled by the Electorate of Saxony. -
May 21, 1527
felippe ii's reign
was king of spain from 1556, king of portugal from 1580, and king of naples and sicily from 1554 until his death in 1598. he was also king of england and ireland from his marriage to queen mary i in 1554 until her death in 1558. he was also duke of milan from 1540. from 1555, he was lord of the seventeen provinces of the netherlands. -
1534
henry viii act of supremacy
In 1534 Parliament passed the Act of Supremacy which defined the right of Henry VIII to be supreme head on earth of the Church of England, thereby severing ecclesiastical links with Rome. -
1545
council of trent
The Council issued condemnations of what it defined to be heresies committed by proponents of Protestantism, and also issued key statements and clarifications of the Church's doctrine and teachings, including scripture, the biblical canon, sacred tradition, original sin, justification, salvation, the sacraments, the Mass, and the veneration of saints -
Feb 24, 1558
carlos v's reign
his dominions in europe included the holy roman empire, extending from germany to nothern italy with direct rule over the austrian hereditary lands and the burgundian low countries, and spain with its possessions of the southern italian kingdoms of naples and sicily and sardinia. -
Apr 14, 1578
felipe iii's reign
felipe iii of spain called "el piadoso" was the king of spain and portugal in 13 september 1598 until his death. -
velazquez
was a Spanish Baroque painter considered one of the greatest exponents of Spanish painting and a master of universal painting. He spent his early years in Seville, where he developed a naturalistic style of tenebrist illumination, influenced by Caravaggio and his followers. At the age of 24 he moved to Madrid, where he was appointed painter to King Philip IV and four years later was promoted to painter to the court, the most important position among court painters. -
felipe iv's reign
called the plane king was king of spain from 1621 to his death and king of portugal from 1621 to 1640. felipe is remembered for his patronage of the arts, invluding such artists as diego velazquez, and his rule over spain during the rhirty year's war -
carlos ii's reign
called "el hechizado" was the king of spain between 1665 and 1700- -
spanish succession war
the War of the Spanish Succession was an international conflict that lasted from 1701 until the signing of the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713, which had as its fundamental cause the death without issue of Carlos II of Spain, last representative of the House of Habsburg, and which left as its main consequence the establishment of the House of Bourbon on the throne of Spain. -
french revolution
was a period of radical political and societal change in france the began with the estates general of 1789 and ended with the formation of the french consulat.