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The Planning of Conspriacies
In New Spain, the first meetings of the conspiracy were being made although they were kept in secret pretending they were book clubs. Meanwhile the french invaded spain, capturing the King and creating great confusion in the loyalty of the Crown for the people of New Spain, which later led to social unrest. This event was important because it caused yet another reason for the people to fight for Independence. -
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Initiation
This was the 1st stage of the Independence and marked the beginning of its movement -
Conspiration Discovery
Marino Galván betrayed the rebels and informed the Spanish of the conspiracy. The spanish attempted to capture them but failed to stop the movement, which initiated immediately after the discovery, due to Josefa Ortiz de Dominguez who sent Ignacio Perez to inform Hidalgo about the discovery of their secret plans. This marked the beginning of the Mexican Independence that, due to the betrayal, started 4 months before the actual movement date. -
Grito de Dolores
In the hurried attempt to begin the independence and avoid being arrested by the spanish, Miguel Hidalgo gave the grito and rang the bells in Dolores, calling upon the indian revolutionary masses to join and revolt, which marked the beginning of the independence. -
September 28, 1810
After the conquer of San Miguel, the mexican insurgents, led by Miguel Hidalgo, stormed in the city of Guanajuato and attacked the Spaniards who tried to defend themselves. In the Meantime, the Pipila led the insurgents past the Alhóndiga gate which was burned down. This was the date of a massacre and an important battle in the Independence since it was the first battle where the rebels faced the spanish forces. -
Battle of Monte de las Cruzes
Hidalgo´s large army of rebels fought against the Spaniards in Monte de las Cruzes, where the insurgents won the battle forcing the Spanish armies to retreat to the capital. However, due to the loss of ammunition Hidalgo called upon for a retreat, which became one of the greatest mistakes in the Independence. The consequences of this decision involved the extension of the Independence and all the more losses. -
Resistance
The insurgents made their way to Guadalajara, which they conquered easily. However they were then opposed by the southern spanish troops who were conducted by Calleja. An accidental explosion of a rebel ammunition brought disorder and great chaos to the insurgents who immediately ran away from the battlefield. It was because of this that the spanish forces started having the advantage over the insurgents, defeating them and later capturing their leaders. -
The Execution of the Insurgent Leaders
After the capture of the Independence leaders, the spanish claimed Ignacio Allende and Miguel Hidalgo as traitors and called for their immediate execution in July 31, 1811 through the Holy Office of the Inquisition.The death of these two leaders was a great loss to the rebels and the Independence movement. -
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Resistance
It was the fighting between the Mexicans and the Spanish. Examples of the resistance involve the rebels fighting against the spanish and the spaniards capturing them and executing their leaders as a form of resistance. -
Morelos is Executed
José Maria Morelos and the insurgents were defeated by the Spanish in Temalca. After being tried for treason, José Maria Morelos y Pavón was executed. His death was grave and a turn of events for the Mexican rebels since he was skilled in the military and controlled its movements but also because he helped create the principles of the constitution. -
Plan de Iguala
Agustin de Iturbide met Vicente Guerrero proposing peace and they ended up creating the Plan de Iguala. This plan stated that Mexico was to have a constitutional monarchy with only the toleration of a Catholic religion and the political and social equality of the people. After the spanish crown was given to O´Donojù, he realized that New Spain was lost and no longer worth fighting for, therefore deciding to sign the acceptance of the Plan de Iguala in the town of Cordoba. The Plan de Iguala woul -
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Consolidation
It was the uniting of the Spanish with the Mexicans in the Independence movement through the plan de Iguala. -
End of Mexican Independence
September 1821 would always be remembered as the end of the Mexican Independence even though the governing system would continue to be unstable in the years that followed due to the continuous social and political struggle between the liberals and the conservatives. -
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Consummation
It is the end of the Independence which was established in 1821
