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Progressives
Progressives is not classified as a movement, but rather than an approach in people thinking differently on the path of society. For examples were starting to reach peaks that became the start in changing daily lives. Examples of these ideas were transcends in politics and safety working conditions including health care. It also brought the attention over arguments in big companies on their role on capitalism. Middle classes demanded more government protection. In this era it focuses on ideas. -
President McKinley
He is the 25th president who won the election against democrat William Jennings Bryan. He is known for taking charge and influencing conflicts of the U.S to go to war in helping for the independence of Cuba, which led to the Spanish-American war. McKinley force congress to declared war which he exaggerated in naming atrocities as a humanitarian to declare war. Creating the Teller amendment begging the imperial. He died during his presidency by an Anarchist in Buffalo New York in September 1901. -
Rail Roads
Rail roads created a revolution, farmers took advantage of the increase of rail roads due to framers selling their products on the national market. Farming at this time opened more land and it was seem as a very profitable business, increasing the economic output. Next rail roads also helped in ranching and mining. By the cause of this event it started the birth of booming cities such as Denver, San Francisco. Time zones were also created to have accurate and standard time of train arrivals -
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Transforming the West
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The Homestead Act
The Homestead act was a act trying to pass during the civil war era, but it was not until 1863 when it was official. Its purpose to offer Americans free land of 160 acres in the west. The government wanted on increase in population and settlement. Free land had to be improve by showing a more civilized area and farming crops on the acres given. This target certain people to take advantage of this offer which were tenet farmers, former slaves who are also known as exodusters and single women. -
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Becoming the Industrial Power
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Knights of Labor
The knights of labor was founded by Uriah Stephens, starting as a secret society. The purpose for this group was to use the political power to gain lobar right, instead of constructing strikes as they were seen as a non- violent organization. Certain rights they were tying to fight for were the end of child labor, they wanted regulations of railroads and telegraphs, 8 hour workday, and equal work pay. Most people who joined this organization was open to anyone from any race and gender. -
Transcontinental Raildroad
This rail road became a revolution in transportation creating two corporation systems called union pacific and central pacific. Both corporations met at Utah, promontory point. The Chinese were the main ones who played part in the building of the rail road, but faced many situations were there lives were put in danger. The reason for Americans choosing them to build the rail road was the history of the building of the Great Wall Of China. Chinese were harshly discriminated. -
Ghost dance movements
By this time era the white race had took the land of the Natives that were push to settle to the west. Americans put Natives in reservations to assimilate and make them erase their Native culture and force them to the American lifestyle. Natives were resenting the loss of family and tribe members and wished for a dance that will create a flood to wash away all the white race. The hope was for Indians to have their old style of life.The American military saw this as a threat and intervene. -
Laissez Faire
This term has to do with the economy freedom of no control of the federal government. It is the belief that the government should stay out of the private companies, by having no regulations. This word comes from French in translation "let do"; for the gov to be lay back. The conflict for this mind set is that companies can create harsh laws or ignore certain rules that can affect employees. For example, not paying at least minimum wage, child labor and dangerous conditions for workers. -
Granges
This was a huge movement also known as the Patron's of Husbandry. The movement recall to find solutions for the agricultural crisis that the farmers were facing. To reach and expand the awareness of this issue they built societies such as lectures, newspapers, and experts. The movement grew a population of members by 1870 and became a powerful politically of a party by 1873. The cause of this increase was due to the rise in prices after the economy tank due to the rail road. -
Killing of the Buffalo
The killing of the Buffalo became a devastating issue for Native Americans being their main survival resource. Natives heavily relied on the Buffalo, because it was the animal that everybody part was used as food, weapons and clothing. The Americans however, knew about this and to reduce the population of the Natives they purposely killed the buffalo and to skin them and cut their tongues. The massive killing of the buffalo brought the population to less than 100 buffalo by the yer of 1890. -
Francis Willard
Her influence was to end the alcohol production making it become illegal. She represented women's suffrage and the temperance movement. Her actions made it possible for the constitution to add the 18th and the 19th amendment. The 18th amendment become a temperance in alcohol that wont be repealed later until the 21st amendment. The 19th amendment allowed giving the right for women to vote. Women voices were increasing due to the Independence in which they gain due to men fighting in the war. -
Battle of Little Big Horn
George Custer lead the war as offensive before the reinforcement had arrived. This war is known for being a reckless decision by Custer, but many claim that Custer wanted to be seen as a hero. He underestimated the size of the Native Americans forces. The Americans lost this war and Custer was slaughtered and skinned by the Natives. However the media portrayed him as a hero and completely ignored his bad leadership skills. The gov also took this event as an excuse for further settlements. -
Political Machines
Political bosses were possible due to large cities needing a new political structure. These political machines contained a ward boss and targeted immigrants in voting for the exchange of obtaining jobs and services from the ward boss. A famous ward boss is Boss Tweed. He rant he Tammarry Hall and even created his own hierarchy. The hierarchy contained precinet captains, word captains and district captains.This showed corrupt as they had close relationships with business, while using immigrants -
Growing Cities
There were many reasons for expansion of cities during the Gilded Age. For example, most who were moving to cities were people coming from rural farms. There was also a demographic shift in the people who were moving into the cities, such as Latin Americans, Southern Europeans and Asians. Another factor was due to immigration in from the south to the north of the U.S such as the African Americans. They were fleeing in escaping Jim crow laws and violence and moved to Northern cities. -
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Gilded Age
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Exodusters
Exodusters were the name that refers to African Americans who were former slaves who fled from the South to the West. The reason for the migration to the West was due to the black codes and the Jim Crow that the black people were trying to escape from. The saw opportunity in the West more specifically to Kansas were they were offered land at a lower price. At first this news was stretched by the truth when it was heard that the gov bought the land to keep former slaves. -
Tenements
There are many negative aspects of tenements, one of them being they lacked in sanitary. For example, they did not had a drainage system, causing them to live in human waste and dirty water. Families were force to live in tight spaced room about four to size people in a room; having the result for the area to be over populated. Families were also kicked out if they did not py rent. Cameras caused attention in society which made the impact to remove tenements and provide sanitation. -
Chinese Exclusion Act
This act was passed by congress, was made to protect the jobs from the whites, as they felt that the lack of jobs were to blame the Chinese. This caused a restriction in immigration targeting Chinese, but it also claims and sets future conflicts with immigration in the Unites States. Chinese who were already step foot in the U.S were sent to to China and had to re-applied to enter in the U.S. The congress forbid for state and federal court to grant citizenship to aliens. -
Western Romanticism
In this time period it started the romanticism in the west, being seen as an adventurous place by the many war events and conflicts between whites and Natives. The Imagery of the West was portrayed as wide-open land, mountains , rivers and Indians. The popularity of western- dime novels also grew during this time period as more people in the East were eager to here the tales of the life style of the West. Buffalo Bill was well known as he became the main character of the Wild West Show. -
Pendleton Act
This act was highly influence due to the incident of the assassination of President Garfield. He was assassinated by a person who wanted a position in congress made as a deal for Garfield and was later declined. This system was called the spoils system that was introduced by President Andrew Jackson. The Pendleton Act removed the spoils system and was signed by replacing president Chester A Arthur. This act now required the civil service exams to be eligible to hold a political position. -
Kodak Camera
The Kodak Camera was invented by George Eastman, who was from New York. This invention brought a huge significance in the U.S , due to being the created the chance to roll film which was fairly new. The camera was more easily portable and it caused a revolution in photography. Eastman had a company called Eastman Dry Plate Company, where he worked with William Walker. He made many invention with Walker, but the Kodak camera was heavily influence by the partnership when he worked with Walker. -
Steel
Steel is the important element in the U.S history due to being known as the building block of America. It could not mass produce in the early 19th century, but soon it turns out to become a mass production. An Important person for the growth of steel is Andrew Carnegie who pushed the production of steel and made a fortune by putting the cost at a much lower price. The lower prices made it possible to expand on railroads. This process of Carnegie's success on steel is called Bessemer process. -
Oil
John.D.Rockefeller is known for the similar success that Carnegie received in steel, but with oil. At first oil was not used for cars, but instead as an alternative for whale oil that it was becoming a more scares element. Rockefeller first started his companies as a vertical but later he transitioned into a horizontal company until he controlled a 90 percent of the domestic oil. With this great power he made trust and holdings with other companies; bringing different companies to one industry. -
Working labor
As industries in America came to increase, the unskilled labor population also became to increase. Unskilled workers spent 12 hours a day and 6 days a week. Despite the fact of the massive amount of work the unskilled workers did it was still not enough to make the living wage. -
Sherman Anti Trust Act
This act was against the government from not interfering in corporations (laisssez faire). I wanted to banned restrictions of trade as it was giving more power to big companies. The downfall of this act was that it wanted to get rid of all trustees. Not all trust companies were negative and corrupt as some took over the competition and made the top leader rich. The significance in this act is that the government is now starting to interfere and regulating the corporations. -
Yellow Journalism
Yellow Journalism became a huge impact on the propaganda news writing; over stretching the truth of events. An example of this is the news propaganda of the explosion of the U.S.S Maine. Yellow Journalism blamed the Spanish for the explosion of the U.S ship, even though their was no solid proof of being the Spanish. The significance is that it became a factor for the Spanish-American war and the lack of investigation for the incident. William Randolph is an example of a yellow journalist. -
The Wizard of Oz
The movie Wizard of Oz is known to evoke a political massage when it was first written in a book by Frank Baum. The story criticizes the economy which was dominated by gold. It states that silver will later be the dominant economy nationally. For example,the lion in the book is made to represent William Jennings Bryan and how he is not strong enough to speak about the silver economy. The tin man represents the labor workers on the crisis that many labor workers were loosing their jobs. -
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Imperialism
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Columbia expedition 1893
This expedition took place in Chicago to establish beautiful styles in architecture in the downtown area. It increased the technology in the society referring to construction. This new "look" for the U.S quickly spread to other cities in the U.S being New York .The significance in this event is that till this day American is influenced in the structure building. It is also known for promoting the urban lifestyle which it quickly took a hold of in the U.S through the Gilded age. -
Pullman Strike
George Pullman build luxurious railroads during the great depression and owned a company called The Pullman Company. Workers in those companies created and rose to protest. The reason for the protest was because of the low wage, being able to participate in a union and collective bargaining. Since the company wanted to have more power with their workers the employees decided to protest. The significance of this event is due military action taking place to break the protest. -
War in Cuba
The cause for the war in Cuba is part of the Spanish-American war. The gain for Cuba's independence was not possible with out the U.S interference. The rough riders had a role in which they arrived to Santiago Cuba. The Rough Riders was lead by Theodore Roosevelt who resigned the assistant of the Navy to join the Calvary to volunteer. It included cowboys, Indian scouts and African Americans. The battle was fought The Battle of San Juan Hill where the Rough Riders became the heroes for Cuba. -
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Progressive Era
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Spanish-American War
The Spanish-American war began with the explosion of the the U.S.S Maine in Havana. Yellow journalism concluded that the Spanish had planted bombs in the ship. The outcome of this war was the victory of the U.S and the gain in new territories, such as Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines. Cuba on the other hand received independence form Spain. The victory in the U.S winning the war gave a power to the U.S feeling dominant nationally. -
Hawaii
Hawaii was first ruled by a Queen Liliuokalani, but soon she was force to surrender and being taken over when Hawaii was annexed by the U.S, due to the end of the Spanish-American war. The first governor of Hawaii was Sanford Dole, who took control of the sugar plantation. Dole established the the Republic of Hawaii by the year of 1894. The significance in this event is that Hawaii became the territory that the U.S relied as storage for goods. The U.S has once again taken over a territory -
Open Door Policy
China had restriction in trading with foreign countries which cause a conflict with the U.S wanting to have access in their resources. However, John Hay wanted to end the imperialism in China and create the open door policy. This policy granted to gain equal trading opportunities in China. The U.S had more of the purpose for an advantage to have a trading relationship with China. The Boxer Rebellion grew to not wanting of whites in China. Violent attacks occur to whites by the Chinese rebles -
White Man's Burden
"The White Man's Burden" is a poem written by a British imperialist named Rudyard Kipling. His purpose to write this poem was to respond to the victory of the U.S in the Spanish-American war. The U.S had gained new territories, therefore the poem was to applaud the white race in taking over the world. It states that Whites are meant be superior and its their job to take over lands of people of color who are inferior to the whites. The significance is to show the imperialism spread form the U.S. -
Unskilled Workers
Unskilled worker caused a huge change in the labor system during the industrial power of the U.S. As companies were growing and an increased of jobs that required less skilled. The impact in this is that it opened jobs for the lower class such as jobs for mines, coal, and clothing manufacturing. The negative effect in unskilled workers is that they were not paid well and worked in poor working conditions. Most people who were taking theses jobs were immigrants. -
New Women
During the Gilded Age a new form of style of women was starting to evolve. This type of women were called flappers who dressed showing their ankles and mid thighs. They also cut their hair short in a bob. They represented the Jazz era of women and were not classified as the typical stay home kind of women. Many criticized these type of women as having a lack of morals. For example women were known for partying and drinking .The significance is that women are growing more independent in this era. -
Industry
Industry during the progressive era contained the demand from workers for better working conditions and regulation to companies. Strikes broke out and unions formed for labors wanting a better wage and hour restrictions since many were working more than 40 hrs a week. There were also factors from shutting down employees from striking. For example black listing was created to ruin reputations to workers making it difficult to be hired again. Workers would also be listed if they were in Unions -
Muckrakers
Muckrakers used corruption to impact society by journalist writing and investigation on Federal Government. Examples of muckrakers are Upton Sinclair who wrote the Jungle based on the discrimination of workers and poor sanitation on the meat production. Other showed the corruption that goes on by the government The significance in these people are it became a factor for the 17th amendment to occur. The 17th amendment states that all voter would elect legislators rather then the state. -
Theodore Roosevelt Big Stick policy
This foreign diplomacy is what gave the push for the U.S to become an imperial during the Spanish American War. Theodore Roosevelt famous quote stated "speak softly and carry a big stick", which meant to do less talking and use the Navy as a intimidation. Thsi influenced the U.S to take part in the Spanish-american wasr which gained new territories to the U.S. It also influenced the Great White Fleet to occur in which the Navy toured around the world to show off their dominance. -
Philanthropy
Philanthropy is the act of the wealthy giving the money away in an example of donations or charities in helping society. Andrew Carnegie for example, after his great success in his steel production he decided to donate his money to the poor and to schools. Many saw this as a way of giving back due to him coming from a poor family background. It was used as a disguised for bi companies as an excuse to do what they want because in the end they will be helping the country. -
Theodore Roosevelt
Theodore Roosevelt is the 26th president who was also known by the public as T.R and Teddy. He gained his presidency due to the shooting that killed president McKinley, which in this time Roosevelt was vice president. Through the years of T.R's presidency he showed energy and enthusiasm in making the face of America dominant towards the world.His political party was defined as the Bull Moose party. He won a Noble peace prize by creating a negotiation to stop the war the the Russo-Japanese war. -
Nature
Before Theodore Roosevelt became president he had live in the west where he experience the romanticism nature. The public and Big business were for the support of more national parks. He established an increase in national parks during his residency creating the National Park System. Examples f parks being established are Crater Lake, Oregon Wind Cave and South Dakota Sullys. The NPS then takes control of all national parks, monuments and historical sites and provides protection over them. -
Social Darwinism
This was highly influence in the logic of Charles Darwinism in the quote of the "survival of the fittest". This teaching was encourage by corporations as they believed int he free market. This gave a reason for importance for the rich and they are superior human beings than the lower class. The believe in social Darwinism also demanded for no need in regulations in companies as the only the best business would be successful. The impact in this is the rise in monopolies. -
Panama Canal
The Panama Canal is located in Latin America between Panama and Columbia. The U.S helped Panamanians gain independence from Columbia, so the canal could be built. Columbia did not agree on the trading canal for the U.S to use. Theodore Roosevelt interfered with the war even though he denied it at first. The significance is that it provided a fast route for the U.S goods. Later on the U.S will restrict from any nation trying to take over their land. Once again this event show the power spreading. -
Henry Ford
Henry Ford is known for his successful car company production in the 1900s. He made a system called the assembly line, which it increased the car production also increasing the sales prices. Since the car production was high enough, Ford was able to bring his prices cheaply enough to be afforded by the middle class. His famous model was the Model T, which his main purpose was to aim at the farming population. However, soon the company quickly moved away from that idea and focused on luxury cars. -
Ellis Island
Angel Island is also known as or compared to Ellis Island that was located east of the U.S. This island however was a cross to the west as it was a system for immigrants wanting to get through the U.S legally. In the west the majority of the immigration population were the Chinese. immigrants had to go though many requirements in order to decided given legal permission. examples of this a literacy and English test and a health test making sure they did not have a dangerous disease. -
Woodrow Wilson
Woodrow Wilson is the 28th president, during the world war l. His significance is the establishment of the New Freedom containing the Federal Reserve Act and Tariff Act. The new freedom made a huge impact to the U.S economically. It made restrictions on monopolies. It also guaranteed a loss in power and re established a capitalist economy. The Federal Reserve Act created a banking system that provided credit to the country. The Revenue Act created the 17th amendment cutting down taxes rates. -
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
This incident is the major factor for War World i to occur caused by the conflicts of Bosnia and Austria-Hungary. a member of the "Black Hand" who was Siberian. The Archduke was the ruler of Austria- Hungary. Due to the assassination Austria-Hungary demands investigation in Bosnia which Bosnia rejects, causing Austria-Hungary to declares war on Bosnia. Bosnia was allied with Russia, in which Russia is allied also with France. Austria-Hungary is allied with Germany declaring war to Russia. -
Schlieffen Plan
The Schlieffen Plan was made by Germany written by Alfred Schlienffen in a war of six weeks according to the plan, in consisting a plan in fighting two frontiers. This plan was already created in the past in 1905 case an out break was to occur It consisted in mobilizing split troops to France first and then heading to Russia in the conclusion that Germany would win and defeat both frontiers. This however was not successful as it lead Britain to declare war on Germany . -
United Sates Staying Neutral
At first the U.S had decided to stay neutral during the Great War. However their trading system caused conflicts between Britain and Germany. The U.S had changed their trading goods to weapons due to the war that was going in the Eastern hemisphere. Britain had blockade Germany form getting supplies which caused a blockade to the Central powers. The U.S trade was affected by this and soon started to trade weapons with Britain than with Germany. This leads the U.S to slowly be part of the War. -
Trench Warefare
Trench warfare became a new technique being used during the Great War. It consisted in digging large wholes for soldiers to hide and attack. This technique was possible due to the new weapon invention of machine guns. Soldiers were stuck in hiding on tranches for weeks; living in harsh conditions. The ground was humid which many soldiers developed trench foot and lived near rats. The outcome this is that once soldiers were set back home, suffering form "shell shock" not having yet treatment. -
Period: to
War World l
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Civil Rights
The Civil Rights was a movement to demand for a stop in the discrimination African Americans were facing in the U.S. A court issue to hold named Plessy vs Ferguson in treating blacks equal but separate from whites. However there were some who had other ideas such as W.E.B DuBois. His idea was to have immediate civil rights promising to improve the economy. He became the Co founder of the NACO to overturn Jim Crow. Booker T Washington wanted gradual movement for civil rights. -
The Jungle
The author for the book called "The Jungle" was named Upton Sinclair. He was known to be a socialist who gave realistic conditions on the lives of immigrants and the poor class. On his book his purpose was to discuss the hash lives the lower class is required to live by. The impact on society was more over the gross conditions on the meat production. For example, the book states that human fingers and rat feces are thrown into the meat. opening the eyes of Americans to demand sanitation on food. -
Mexican Revolution
During the Great War on the side the U.S was starting to have conflicts with Mexico. Pancho Villa attacks the United States on the town of Columbus in New Mexico. President General John Perish is ordered by President Woodrow Wilson to invade Mexico. The conflict rises once Germany is supporting the Mexican rebels to attack the U.S. The Zimmerman Telegram creates in outbreaks when Britain intercepts the telegram. This causes Woodrow Wilson to declares war with Germany sending troops to Germany. -
Women Factories
Due to men being sent to fight in WWI, women were given the opportunity to take the jobs such as factories that men usually worked at. Two years form the great war the demand for women in factories was increasing, due to the demand in weapon production. However, despite the fact in women working in railways and factories they were payed at low wages and harsh working conditions. The significance in this is that this leads to women gaining the right to vote later in 1919. -
Russian Revolution
The Russian Revolution was the end of the Czarist hierarchy in Russia and over threw the Romanov Dynasty. The people in Russia were upset due to the corruption of the wealthy class in times of poverty. Lenin had taken over the people's trust and created the Bolsheviks who believed in the communist party. Lenin becomes the head of the Soviet Union and Dictator of Russia. The significance in this revolution is the starting of the spread of communist government and becoming a treat to the U.S. -
Spanish Flu
The Spanish Flu becomes a worldwide epidemic, having investigated that the origins might come from Kansas or the Western Frontier. At that time people did not know what caused the influenza. Now it is known that it came from a bird diseased passed down to pigs who made contact to farmers spreading wildly. This virus killed more numbers of soldiers than the death of soldiers fighting at the frontier. The virus caused purple skin and drowning in their on blood in their lungs cutting oxygen. -
14 Points
At the end of the Great War President Woodrow Wilson had written the 14 points plan. His goal was to construct worldwide peace, but still having reasonable punishments for Germany due to their destruction during war. It was presented tot eh League of Nations, but it was rejected because they wanted more harsh punishment to assigned to Germany. Even though the 14 points were not accepted, Woodrow Wilson received a Noble Peace Prize in his attempt in maintain world wide peace. -
Treaty of Versailles
Once War world l was over due to the surrendering of Germany, the League of Nations signed the treaty of Versailles. U.S president Woodrow Wilson insists to create peace in making the 14 points, but it was rejected. Instead the treaty consisted in crippling the economy of Germany. Reparations that Germany created during the war were had to be payed down by Germany themselves. Lands was also taken away by them in loosing the war. The significance is that it creates rage and poverty in Germany. -
First Red Scare
Due to the influence of the KKK not accepting and the threat of someone who is a communist, the U.S fell into the First Red Scared. The color red symbolizes communist that was spreading in the Eastern hemisphere such as the Soviet Union. To prevent from communism being possible in the U.S, they restricted immigration creatingact. This created violence and even death of people who were found to be communist. This sets to show that Americans were paranoid in communism taking over. -
Temperance Movement
The temperance movement was highly supported by women, due to the violence that spread from their drunk husbands. Christians also supported the temperance. Susan B Anthony was known as an activist for the temperance movement. She carried an axe and a bible and went to bars to destroy the area. This movement kept growing until the 18th amendment repealed alcohol from being legal. However, even though alcohol became banned it increased crime and black markets business to buy alcohol. -
Cars
Car were a major factor in the new culture shape in America. Henry Ford was known for his famous model Model T, but now in this time period car campaniles have expanded creating a variety of cars and focusing more on the style of the car. Cars were able to be bough by the majority of the population in the U.S due to the credit system. Since many now owned cars roads were now being build using concrete. One down side on this is that cars were polluting the environment, affecting the respiratory. -
Benefits
Unions had always been looked in a negative aspect on the eyes of owners of companies. To decrease the chances of workers joining a union, owners would gives their employees benefits included in their jobs. Some of their benefits were pensions, medical insurance and paid vacations. The only requirement was that the employee had to be excluded for joining any Union. The importance in these new job benefits is that companies are now improving their working environment for their employees. -
Leisure
Due to the improvements of working environments now regulating ours and wages, making American workers opening up their schedule. Cars were a new form of transportation, making it easier to and enjoyable to travel farther distances. These to components gave Americans to find new ways to pent their free time. Some Americans during these time spent time in their living room listening to the radio as the old form of tv, while other watch silent films. The U.S became a consumer society. -
KKK
The Ku Klux Kan has had a past history before the 1920s, but it reach a revival peak during this era. By 1920 KKK had a population of 4 million members nation wide. The KKK targeted blacks, but thy were not their only target. They also targeted immigrants, protestants, Jews. and whites who were against their belief . The reason for the KKK to increase was due to the fear of change in culture that was rapidly expanding across eh U.S. KKK would use violence such as lynching and burning houses. -
Jazz
Jazz became a very popular genre in the 1920s that it is also known as the Jazz age. This genre was first consider to be a genre that African Americans played, but soon whites also took hold of this music and started playing it as well. Famous Jazz players at the time were Louis Armstrong and Tin Pan Alley. There were some people who were against Jazz claiming it expose sexuality and bad behavior. People who were attracted were flappers and young men and it was played at parties. -
Birth Control
Margaret Sanger wanted to advertise on the usage of birth control to the women in the 1920s. She claimed that women were not meant to be just stay home moms, but meant to have a career. Men were concern with birth control fearing that their wife could sleep with another men. This caused dilemmas as she made sterilization programs for people who were poor or genetics of disabilities. She also wanted to decrease the population of African Americans also promoting them to use birth control. -
Harlem Renaissance
Harlem cities expressed the success in black writers,art , poetry and music in cities such as Chicago, Detroit and New York. This was a new opportunity for African Americans to be accepted by their culture and to maybe receive fame. Harlem was also staring to get the attention of not just blacks but the white population as well. A famous musical called "shuffle along" introduced a cast that had black and white people. The significance is that the U.S was becoming a new change in society. -
Women in work force
In WWl women were given the chance to work in labor jobs to the scarce of men in industries, while they were fighting in the war. They were also given the 19th amendment which allowed them to vote. By the 1920s women were now having careers such as secretaries, phone operators and teachers. With this new opportunity of life style of women, they were now slowly going away front the image of stay home moms. The significance is the shift of lifestyle that women were facing. -
Period: to
1920s
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Education
Education was primarily for the teachings of the Christian religion were children were taught based on the bible on stories for example of Adam and Eve as the creation of humanity. The teachings of evolution was not allowed and became illegal for anyone who taught it due to the World Christian Fundamentals Association. A substitute named John Scopes taught his class over the evolution theory. He was sent to jail and face the Scope Monkey Trial. William Jennings Bryan won against Scope court case -
Herbert Hoover
Herbert Hoover was the 31st president and the people hold him responsible for the Great Depression and his fails of the action he did to fix it. He was an orphan at a young age and was set to help later in his presidency orphanages. He was also an introvert and lacked a public speaking. During his presidency he had a political philosophy in limited government . He believed in big business and and the laissez faire in lack of intervention on industry. As the depression beings he lacks in action -
Period: to
The Great Depression
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Dust Bowl
at the same time as the Great Depression there was also another huge factor in making farmers face crisis. The Dust Bowl occurred in the great plains where the soil was known for the success in agriculture. However a drought occurred in drying the top soil that the harsh wind blew the soil into large clouds. People were facing respiratory problems and cattle were dying due to the dust filling their lungs. The government intervene in giving opportunities to migrate to the West. -
Hoovervilles
Hoovervilles were slums houses were people lived during the Great Depression. The name was directed to the president Herbert Hoover who was constantly blamed for the economic depression. More names started to have the names hoover in it. Hoover blankets were newspapers that people used as "blankets". Hoover flags was a term and action in walking around with their pockets inside out. This action symbolized having no money due to Hoover's action for the Great Depression. -
Migration
Due to the dilemma of the Dust Bowl a migration occur to many people fleeing form the great plain and settling to the west in California. Migrants received the name of Okies who where farmers and created farms in California. A famous picture of a mother was taken during the great depression. This picture is known to summarize the feeling of despair that most people felt during this economic crash. -
Election of 1932
The election of 1932 was between recent president Herbert Hoover and Franklin D Roosevelt. Hoover had now had a negative image to the face of the U.S due to the lack of action and response to the on going Great Depression. Franklin D Roosevelt had a huge advantage as a democratic to win the election of 1932. Roosevelt won at a high majority vote. People vote for Roosevelt due to the only sense of hope and the loss of trust of Hoover. Roosevelt makes promises to get out of the Great depression. -
New Amendments
New amendments have been added to the constitution (20th and 21st). The 20th amendment regulated the time any political office could be retained. This was due to President Roosevelt many term in his presidency. This amendment was also added to prevent from a dictator taking control over the United States. The 21st amendment was the en of temperance making alcohol legal again in usage. This amendment helped reduced the crimes that were mainly created as underground alcohol business. -
The New Deal
The New Deal was made up to take the U.S out of the Great Depression. In Roosevelt first one hundred days he had made significant amount of improvements. He had ended prohibition making it legal to drink alcohol again making tit become the 21st amendment. He also signed the Tennessee Valley Act where Tennessee faced improvements in rivers to prevent form flooding. He made daily speeches on the radios called fire chats were he constantly notified the improvements that the nation was receiving. -
Work
Since the great depression became the major cause for the employment Franklin Roosevelt had create many organization proving jobs in the U.S.For example, the CCC, WPA and the PWA offered well paying jobs in labor work while also improving the living conditions in the U.S. The importance in this event is that Roosevelt is slowly taking the American people out of the Great Depression; making it a slow recovery. -
Bank Holiday
Because of the crash causing many Americans to loose their life saving in the banks, many had mistrust the bank system. Instead, many kept their money on mattresses feeling a better relief than the banks. Roosevelt created a week of Bank Holiday. He closed down all banks for ta week, banks who were accused stealing money were shut down. Banks that had a good record would soon re open. The significance in this is that it made an improvement on the bank system and the trust for Roosevelt. -
African Americans
The new deal at first was set to keep African Americans to be allowed from begin discriminated. Elanor Roosevelt during the presidency of her husband Franklin Roosevelt was interested in helping African Americas with education. She was an activist in supporting the civil rights movement as she realized the discrimination that blacks faced and their lack of opportunity. She strongly supported the NAACP where they helped to improve the education system and lives of young African Americans. -
Japan Treatment of the Chinese
During World War ll Japan had invaded China and caused mistreatment to the Chinese. For six weeks japan invaded China in Nanjing causing massacres and rape. Statistic says that over 20,000 Chinese women were raped by Japanese soldiers. By the time Japan left the capital of China it had caused huge amount of destruction in terrorist attacks. This event was called the Nanking massacre. The outcome of this is the rage of the Chinese that go built by the Japanese. -
Hitler
Hitler gains political power when he is picked as the chancellor of the Nazi Party. His speeches reach out to the people due to the Great Depression that strikes nationally. People had lost their jobs and where facing extreme poverty. Hitler became the only hope in Germany. He was sent to jail for the Muich Beer Hall . He wrote Mein Kampf,were he blames the Jews for the economic depression. Ironically his book was a laughing stock when first published, but soon it becomes a common ideology. -
Father Charles Coughlin
Even though president Franklin Delanore Roosevelt was greatly like by the majority of the U.S, there were still people who opposed his actions. For example Father Charles Coughlin who was against F.D.R's new deal. The priest was catholic form Michigan and made many speeches through the radio. This priest gain a popularity who liked the priest's socialist ideologies in running the government. The outcome in his that it made president FDR to be pushed more to the left. -
Plight of the Jews
Hitler's caused a big influence on the increasing hatred on the Jews in Germany. On Hitler's speeches an increase in political power he blames the Jews for the Great Depression reaching into Germany. Jews were not able to attend public schools or public areas. They were also required to wear the star of David in order to be identified as a Jew. The violence starts to increase as well as the hatred. Jews soon are sent to concentration camps and burned in chambers towards the end of WW ll. -
Period: to
World War ll
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U.S Neutrality
The U.S sates again in this time being and staying neutral for World War ll. Trading has been blockade with Europe due to the past of being a factor in getting dragged in the war on the Great War. President Theodore Roosevelt sates to the pubic reassuring that the United States would not participate in any way in the war. However that was only his public stance to not provoke panic and fear to the people. Privately he need that sooner or later the U.S would have to get involved seeing it worsen. -
American-Soviet Relations
The United States and the Soviet Union had tensions between each other mainly due to the Soviet Union begin a major control and power over the communist party. However towards the end of war World ll both the Soviet Union, Britain and the U.S had allied in military force to take over the Nazi party in Germany. The significance in the shift of relations between these tow countries is that it became the reason an the accomplishment for the end of dominance of the Nazis. -
Pearl Harbor
Pearl Harbor is the surprise attack by the Japanese in Hawaii; a territory of the United States. This attack damaged 8 battle ships destroying planes and supplies. However Japan were not satisfied by the attack because their purpose was to cripple American loosing their resources and power. The aircraft were not located in Hawaii which was Japan's main target. The outcome and repose from the U.S at this attack was the start of participating Word War ll and declaring war to Japan. -
U.S. Office of War Information (OWI)
After Peal Harbor the U.S was ready to declare war on Japan. Propaganda was starting to occur on radios, poster, films and newspapers, trying to convince the American people to support the war. For example, the famous poster "Uncle Sam want you!" were becoming popular at that time. Video footage of planes, aircraft factories and the armed force providing emotions to the people. The purpose of this was for people to be for the war and grow patriotism to the U.S. -
Winston Churchill
Winston is the prime minster of the United Kingdom during World War ll. Churchill had pleaded for help to the U.S in needs for weapons on the war fronts in aiding Britain and Russia. Franklin D Roosevelt lend Churchill ships and military machinery in the condition that Roosevelt will set the cost for him later once the war was over. This shows the interaction of the U.S now being part of the war and the alliances of Britain and Russia. Later this becomes the key in defeat of the Nazis -
Battle of the Bulge
The biltzkrieg technique had made many accomplishments for Germany in the past wars. Hitler had a plan to split his troops on the northern Europe to work as a surprise attack to the U.S. However, this technique was a complete fail due to the harsh weather and the lack of preparing the soldiers had. Many soldiers froze to death by the harsh cold weather. This battle is known to be the last offensive battle that Germany had till this day. It also a closer step for the U.S to end the Nazis -
Death of FDR
Before the death of FDR, he had went to the Yalta conference to convince Stalin to go against Japan. Franklin Delanore Roosevelt had passed away due to a hemorrhage and died in warm spring, Georgia where he had established foundations to help children with polio. Harry S Truman was president and took over the presidency office after the death of Franklin D Roosevelt. His wife Elanor Roosevelt however still participated in being an activist and gain more political office. -
Blacklist
The blacklist was used for companies to place the names of former employees that have worked with them to make sure they were not hired again in any other job. Most of employees that fell in this list were union supporters. bosses did not want to hire union supporters because they were in demand of employees rights, such as working conditions and better wages and created strikes. The significance is the threat that workers had in loosing their jobs and force to accept the unfairness.
