-
Period: to
Early Months of 1810
During this timeperiod, people like Josefa Ortiz, Ignacio Allende, and Miguel Hidalgo organized a "literary club" that was actually a plan to go against the crown. -
Period: to
Independence Movements
-
Period: to
Initiation
-
Isurgents Discovered
The original insurgents were Ignacio Allende, Miguel Hidalgo, Josefa Ortiz, her husband MIguel, Epigenio Gonzalez, and more. They had been meeting for months in secret, under the pretense that they were holding a "literary club".
One of the members whose name is less recognized betrayed the insurgents, and told the authorities of the creole's impending rebellion. Miguel locked his wife Josefa in the house, so that she couldn't warn the others. She managed to let Allende and Hidalgo know. -
Grito de Dolores
Once Miguel Hidalgo and Allende knew that they were discovered, they immediately set out for Dolores, where they'd motivate the indians, mestizos, etc. to fight alongside them.
Hidalgo gave an inspiring speech that incited the people to fight with him. He used the Virgin of Guadalupe, a brown-skinned version on the Virgin to get the lower classes to follow him into battle. -
Battle at Guanajuato
One of the early successes of the rebel forces, this was at the Alhondiga, and the rebel forces asked the spanish forces to stand down, but they refused, and the mexicans had no idea where to strike.
El Pipila, attached a rock to his back to protect from bullets, and burned the wooden door, allowing the rebels entrance.
The mexicans defeated the spanish, pillaged the down, created chaos, and were difficult to control, and Allende managed to calm them down. -
Battle of Monte de las Cruces
This was the battle that Hidalgo fought before he decided to reatreat and was a succesful battle, followed by pillage from the indians. If Hidalgo had striked Mexico City after this battle, he may have won, though the city would have been left in ruins. Hidalgo retreated and allowed the spanish troops to reconvene. -
Battle of Calderón Bridge
This battle was the last one in the first stage of the independence. Whilst not as important as the battle of Monte Cruces, it was still a victory near Guadalajara.
Allende and HIdalgo both led this battle, after having reatreated from Mexico City. The spanish forces were slightly stronger now that they had rearranged their forces. -
Miguel Hidalgo Dies
The figure-head of the Mexican independence is caught and executed. His death made the participants of the independence lose hope, as he was thought to be their only hope. The death of Hidalgo helped Morelos rise as the new face of hope in the fight for independence, and birthed the second stage of the independence: consolidation. -
Period: to
Consolidation
-
Morelos Dies
The death of Morelos ended the second stage, consolidation, and started the third stage, resistance. Resistance was the stage in which people like Vicente Guerrero and Guadalupe Victoria led different, small guerilla groups that had different ideas, but a singular purpose. Morelos had left many warriors with his knowledge, and left his inspiration on many. -
Period: to
Resistance
-
Period: to
Consummation
-
Plan de Iguala
Agustín de Iturbide was a creole fighting alongside the crown against the insurgents. But he had his own personal agenda, and he realized he had the perfect opportunity to help the independence movement, and help himself. He came up with the Plan de Iguala so he could offer the ursurgents with help. In the end, he was succesful and convinced the indians to work with hiim. His ulterior motives and manipulation got him the position of Emperor when the independence ended. -
End of Independence
The war is over. Not officialy, but morally, the Mexicans knew they were free from the crown. Of course, the next decades proved that being free of the crown did not guarantee a utopian freedom, but a new barrage of problems that would haunt Mexico, and still continue to show up today.
