THE RISE OF CHRISTIANITY

Birth of jesus

6 BCE

Was born in Bethlehem. Son of Mary, whose birth was interposed by the divine.

Birth of Paul the Apostle

5 BCE

one of the leaders of the first generation of Christians, often considered to be the most important person after Jesus in the history of Christianity.

Jesus begins ministry in Galilee

27

In the Christian gospels, the ministry of Jesus begins with his baptism in the countryside of Roman Judea and Transjordan, near the river Jordan, and ends in Jerusalem, following the Last Supper with his disciples. ... In the later Judean ministry Jesus starts his final journey to Jerusalem through Judea.

Crucifixion of Jesus in Jerusalem

30

Jesus was crucified at a spot outside Jerusalem called Golgotha by the romans because they thought Jesus was wrong for their empire.

Saul of Tarsus converts to Christianity, becomes apostle Paul

35

The conversion of Paul the Apostle, was, according to the New Testament, an event in the life of Paul the Apostle that led him to cease persecuting early Christians and to become a follower of Jesus.

Martyrdom of James

44

Herod killed James the brother of John.

Pauls first missionary journey

46

Council of jerusalem

49

It is unique among the ancient pre-ecumenical councils in that it is considered by Catholics and Orthodox to be a prototype and forerunner of the later ecumenical councils and a key part of Christian ethics.

Pauls second missionary journey

50

first and second thessalonians

51

is a book from the New Testament of the Christian Bible.

Pauls third missionary journey

53

Epistle to the romans

57

is the sixth book in the New Testament. Biblical scholars agree that it was composed by the Apostle Paul to explain that salvation is offered through the gospel of Jesus Christ.

Apostle Paul imprisoned in Rome

59

The Mamertine Prison , in antiquity the Tullianum, was a prison located in the Comitium in ancient Rome. It was situated on the northeastern slope of the Capitoline Hill, facing the Curia and the imperial fora of Nerva, Vespasian, and Augustus.

Martyrdom of st. Andrew

60

They sent for him so that when he arrived, they would attack him and kill him. When their messengers came to St. Andrew and heard his sincere teachings and saw his shining face, they believed in our Lord Christ and did not return to those who had sent them. The unbelievers decided to go to him and burn him. When they gathered around him to do what they had intended, the Apostle prayed to the Lord, and immediately fire came down from heaven and surrounded them.

Paul the apostle beheaded

64

The Acts of Paul, an apocryphal work written around 160, describes the martyrdom of Paul. According to the Acts of Paul, Nero condemned Paul to death by decapitation. Tertullian in his Prescription Against Heretics (200 AD) writes that Paul had a similar death to that of John the Baptist, who was beheaded.

martyrdom of tyhe apostle peter on vatican hill

64

Saint Peter resided in Rome and suffered a martyr's death there in the year 67 A.D., at the time of the Christian persecutions during the reign of the emperor Nero. The exact place of his martyrdom is unknown. Historians believe Saint Peter was crucified upside down in Nero's amphitheater, which was situated where the Vatican now stands. He was buried at a nearby cemetery.

second timothy

66

In the New Testament, the Second Epistle of Paul to Timothy, usually referred to simply as Second Timothy and often written 2 Timothy or II Timothy, is one of the three Pastoral Epistles traditionally attributed to Saint Paul.

fall of jerusalem

70

Jerusalem was under siege for many long months as the food ran out and disease and starvation spread throughout the city.
On July 10, 586 B.C. The Babylonian forces of king Nebuchadnezzar broke through the northern wall of Jerusalem and it was only a matter of time. Josephus records some of the gruesome details of the siege:

book of revelation

95

the last book of the New Testament; contains visionary descriptions of heaven and of conflicts between good and evil and of the end of the world; attributed to Saint John the Apostle

letter to the corinthians by clement of rome

96

The First Epistle of Clement is a letter addressed to the Christians in the city of Corinth. ... The letter appears to have been written by a single church leader in Rome.

the dadiche written

120

The Teaching of the Twelve Apostles, is a brief anonymous early Christian treatise, dated by most modern scholars to the first century. The first line of this treatise is "The teaching of the Lord to the Gentiles (or Nations) by the twelve apostles".

On First Principles by Origen

230

Origen's On First Principles is a foundational work in the development of Christian thought and doctrine

Diocletian suppresses Christianity

303

Armenia converts to Christianity

303

Armenia became the first country to establish Christianity as its state religion when, in an event traditionally dated to 301 AD, St. Gregory the Illuminator convinced Tiridates III, the king of Armenia, to convert to Christianity.

Battle of Milvian Bridge; Constantine converts to Christianity

312

The Battle of the Milvian Bridge took place between the Roman Emperors Constantine I and Maxentius on 28 October 312. It takes its name from the Milvian Bridge, an important route over the Tiber. .

Edict of Milan grants official toleration of Christianity in the Roman Empire

313

Edict of Milan, a proclamation that permanently established religious toleration for Christianity within the Roman Empire. It was the outcome of a political agreement concluded in Milan between the Roman emperors Constantine I and Licinius in February 313.

Council of Nicea

325

Council of Nicaea, also called First Council of Nicaea, (325), the first ecumenical council of the Christian church, meeting in ancient Nicaea . It was called by the emperor Constantine I, an unbaptized catechumen, who presided over the opening session and took part in the discussions.

Shapur II persecutes Christians in Persia

338

Shapur II pursued a harsh religious policy. Under his reign, the collection of the Avesta, the sacred texts of Zoroastrianism, was completed, heresy and apostasy were punished, and Christians were persecuted. The latter was a reaction against the Christianization of the Roman Empire by Constantine the Great.

Athanasius lists all 27 books of the New Testament

367

His letter is the earliest authoritative statement to fix the New Testament

Nicene Christianity is made the official religion of the Empire

380

With the Edict of Thessalonica in 380 AD, Emperor Theodosius I made Nicene Christianity the Empire's state religion. The Eastern Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodoxy, and the Catholic Church each stand in that continuity.

Conversion of Augustine

386

Conversion of St. Augustine. April 24. Augustine's life as a young man was characterized by loose living and a search for answers to life's basic questions.

Jerome's Vulgate translates the Greek Bible into common Latin

400

In Jerome's Vulgate, the Hebrew Book of Ezra-Nehemiah is translated as the single book of 'Ezra'. ... The Vulgate is usually credited as being the first translation of the Old Testament into Latin directly from the Hebrew Tanakh rather than from the Greek Septuagint.

Council of Carthage condemns Donatists

411

The Councils of Carthage, or Synods of Carthage, were church synods held during the 3rd, 4th, and 5th centuries in the city of Carthage in Africa. The most important of these are described below. St. Augustine arguing with Donatists. .... the Council of Nicaea, Saint Augustine and Saint Aurelius condemned Pope Zosimus ...

Pope Innocent I condemns Pelagianism

417

Pelagianism was condemned at the 15th Council of Carthage in 411. ... a letter urging Pope Innocent I to condemn Pelagianism.

Council of Ephesus approves "Mother of God" title for Mary

431

The Council of Ephesus (431) defends this unicity of person in Christ and condemns Nestorius and his followers. It approves, by acclamation, the second letter of Saint Cyril to Nestorius and through this approval officially confirms the attribution to Mary of the title Mother of God.

St. Augustine of Canterbury baptizes King Ethelbert of Kent

597

Augustine of Canterbury was a Benedictine monk who became the first Archbishop of ... Kent was probably chosen because Æthelberht had married a Christian princess, Bertha, ... Augustine was consecrated as a bishop and converted many of the king's subjects, including .... His baptism likely took place at Canterbury.

The Pantheon is the first pagan temple in Rome to be Christianized

609

The Pantheon's long decline continued. Then, in 609, Pope Boniface IV got permission from Byzantine emperor Phocas to convert the Pantheon into a Christian church, known as in Latin as Sancta Maria ad Martyres (St. Mary and the Martyrs). It was the first Roman pagan temple to be consecrated as a Christian church.Jan 31, 2018

Second Council of Nicea

787

The Second Council of Nicaea is recognized as the last of the first seven ecumenical councils by the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Catholic Church.

Charlemagne is crowned Roman Emperor at St. Peter's Basilica

800

Pope Leo III crowned the Frankish king, Charlemagne, Emperor of the Romans on Christmas Day, 800 in St. Peter's Basilica in Rome

Olga of Russia converts to Christianity

950

The Christianization of Kievan Rus' took place in several stages. In early 867, Patriarch Photius ... The latter events are traditionally referred to as baptism of Rus'

schism of 1054

1054

Schism of 1054, also called East-West Schism, event that precipitated the final separation between the Eastern Christian churches (led by the patriarch of Constantinople, Michael Cerularius) and the Western church (led by Pope Leo IX). The mutual excommunications by the pope and the patriarch that year became a watershed in church history.

Consecration of Westminster Abbey church

1065

The Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster, now known as Westminster Abbey, is officially neither an abbey nor a cathedral.

Pope Urban II proclaims the First Crusade at the Council of Claremont

1095

Robert the Monk wrote one of several Latin histories of the First Crusade. The selection here gives an account of Pope Urban II's famous speech at the Council of Clermont in 1095, in which he proclaimed the First Crusade.

Crusaders take Jerusalem from Turks

1099

Beginning in the 11th century, Christians in Jerusalem were ... In June, the crusaders captured the Turkish-held city of Nicaea

Christian soldiers capture Jerusalem during the First Crusade. The city had been held by Islamic rulers since 655.

1099

During the First Crusade, Christian knights from Europe capture Jerusalem after seven weeks of siege and begin massacring the city's Muslim and Jewish. ... in Jerusalem were increasingly persecuted by the city's Islamic rulers, ... the Turkish-held city of Nicaea and then defeated a massive army of Seljuk ...

Fall of Edessa

1144

The Siege of Edessa took place from November 28 to December 24, 1144, resulting in the fall of the capital of the crusader County of Edessa to Zengi, the atabeg of Mosul and Aleppo. This event was the catalyst for the Second Crusade.