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570
Life of Muhammad
In 570 CE, Muhammad was born in the city of Mecca. In 610 CE, Muhammad recieved his first revelation. In 622 CE, Muhammad left Mecca for Medina; the people invited him to bring peace. In 629 CE, Muhammad returned to Mecca. But then, in 632 CE, Muhammad sudddenly died. Source://www.pbs.org/Muhammad -
Jan 1, 632
Era of Rightly Guided Caliphs
The period when the first four successors of Muhammad ruled, was considered a golden age. It was the establishment of Arab Muslim rule over the heartlands of the Middle East. Source://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com -
Jan 1, 634
Muslim conquest of Persia
Persia loses to the Arabs in the battle of Kadisiya in 637 CE. The last sassanian emperor escapes but is eventually assasinated in 651 CE. Muslims took over Persia after defeating it. Source://world history.net -
Jan 1, 650
Quran complied
The words of the Quran were collected as they were revealed to the Prophet Muhammad; recorded in writing by scribes. It was recorded on different parchments and materials, After Muhammad died, the Quran continued to be remembered in the hearts of the Muslims. Source://Islam.about.com -
Jan 1, 656
Civil War; Emergence of Sunni/Shi'a Split
When Muhammad died, Ali was chosen as Caliph by a minority of people, known as the Shi'a. The majority of people, called the Sunnis, follow and favor the Ummayads. Violence spreads when Ali and his son are assasinated by the Sunnis and Civil war breaks out between the two groups. Source://www.npr.org -
Jan 1, 711
Conquest of Spain
In 711 C.E., Muslims entered spain from the west and India from the east, eventually they would take over the entire iberian peninsula.
Source://Textbook Source://https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.google.com/url?q%3Dhttp://deen-al-islam.org/Spread%252520of%252520Islam%252520and%252520Timeline.htm%26amp;sa%3DD%26amp;usg%3DAFQjCNF0tE4iS8S2_I8MHmvZnNhAVenbKw&sa=D&ust=1447337390319000&usg=AFQjCNEsgCoFfzD4oBcTXRTldhkp1NgnOQ -
Jan 1, 750
Abbasid Caliphate
The Abbasid Caliphate overthrew the Umayyad Caliphate in 750 C.E. Just over a century later, they began to lose control. Until finally, In 1258 C.E., the Mongols took over Baghdad and killed the last caliphate bringing an end to an era. Source://https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.google.com/url?q%3Dhttp://www.britannica.com/topic/Abbasid-dynasty%26amp;sa%3DD%26amp;usg%3DAFQjCNGOxab9kzzkD2bBImK1vh8MAnCCXA&sa=D&ust=1447337390318000&usg=AFQjCNHSKRiKhrFhvhwJ_YIsIcQs1DxbxA -
Jan 1, 756
Baghdad established as capital of Abbasid Caliphate
In 762 C.E., Baghdad was founded by al-mansur. Baghdad developed quickly and soon became one of the largest cities in the Islamic world at that time. It also became an important center for science, medication, and mathematics. Source://https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.google.com/url?q%3Dhttp://www.saylor.org/site/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/HIST101-9.3.1-AbbasidDynasty-FINAL.pdf%26amp;sa%3DD%26amp;usg%3DAFQjCNFfj-76gwAO4dEQepnG1w7pXLRJCg&sa=D&ust=1447337390320000&usg=AFQjCNGGoMiDpL8Z -
Jan 1, 1099
Crusaders seize Jerusalem
In 1099 C.E., The main objective of the Crusade was to take over Jerusalem, which they succeeded in doing. Jerusalem's Muslim and Jewish inhabitants were killed by the Crusades.
Source://Textbook -
Jan 1, 1206
Delhi Sultanate established in India
The Delhi Sultanate refers to the many Muslim dynasties that ruled in India from 1206-1526. One of the greatest achievements by the Delhi Sultanate was its defense against the Mongol invasion, yet in 1526, the Sultanate was replaced by the Mongol empire. Source://Textbook -
Jan 1, 1258
Mongols sack Baghdad; formal end of Abbasid Caliphate
Mongols demanded that Baghdad surrender. The city was no match for the Mongols. They killed about 200,00 people and the last and final Caliph.
Source://www.history.com -
Jan 1, 1324
Mansa Musa pilgrimage to Mecca
In 1324, Mansa Musa made a pilgrimage to Mecca, consisting of 60,000 men and 80 camels, each camel carried about 300lbs worth of gold. Mansa Musa gave out so much gold, it caused its value to fall. He strenghthend Islam and gave it more stability to Mali.
Source://Textbook -
Jan 1, 1453
Ottoman Empire conquers Constantinople, end of Byzantine Empire
Constantinople was conquered in 1453 by the Ottoman army. Ottoman became a very powerful army. Sultan Mehmed II, Ruler of the Ottoman Turks, led the attack.
Source://Textbook -
Jan 1, 1492
Christian re-conquest of Spain completed; end of Muslim Spain
King Boabdil surrendered Granada to the Spanish forces. The "Reconquista" was one of the most successful european expansions.
Source://www.history.com -
Jan 1, 1526
Mughal Empire established in India
The Mughal empire was founded by Babur, the first Mongol emperor, and established in 1526. The Mongols were Muslim warriors who invaded India.
Source:www.history.com -
Emergence of Sufism
Sufis were mystics looking for a personal union with Allah. Some Sufis had a reputation of being great healers and miracle workers. Meanwhile,
others lead militant bands that tried to spread Islam to non believers. Source:// Textbook
