The Renaissance and Reformation

Dante

Jan 1, 1300

Durante degli Alighieri, simply called Dante, was a major Italian poet of the Late Middle Ages. His Divine Comedy -Divine Comedy— story of the soul’s journey to salvation in 3 parts- Hell, Purgatory, Heaven/Paradise, lead by Virgil(Roman poet).

Christine de Pizan

Jan 1, 1375

Christine de Pizan was an Italian French late medieval author. She served as a court writer for several dukes and the French royal court during the reign of Charles VI. Also was a Frenchwoman that wrote The Books of the City Ladies, it argued against sexism.

Humanism

Jan 1, 1400

Humanism was based on the study of the classics, studied grammar, rhetoric, poetry, moral philosophy, and history. The father of Humanism was Petrarch. Petrarch looked for forgotten manuscripts this caused others to do the same,
brought back the use of Roman Latin (not Medieval Latin) and also
believed in living a secluded life w/o family or community.

Johannes Gutenberg

Jan 1, 1436

Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden zum Gutenberg was a German blacksmith, goldsmith, printer, and publisher who introduced printing to Europe. The invention of the printer really helped Martin Luther famous because it published his 95 these all over Europe

Indulgence

Jan 1, 1443

Indulgences where created around where basically a from that the Roman Catholic church sold for money in return to the people to save them selves and there family members from burning in the pits of Hell or purgatory. More indulgences you bought the less time it took to get into heaven.

Milan

Jan 1, 1447

Was a really important city at the time because it was very welathy and was one of many trading cities since it was located in northern Italy. It was headed by the Visconti family until 1447 when it was taken over by Francesco Sforza. He led a band of-Mercenaries soldiers who sold their skills to the highest bidder.

Machiavelli

Jan 1, 1490

i Niccolò Machiavelli, or more formally Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli, was a Florentine Renaissance historian, politician, diplomat, philosopher, humanist, and writer. He has often been called the founder of modern political science. Had lots a quotes that could really in power a lot of people.

Leonardo Da Vinci

Jan 1, 1500

Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci, more commonly Leonardo da Vinci or simply Leonardo, was an Italian polymath whose areas of interest included invention, painting, sculpting, architecture, science, and music. He was really noticed during this time for his water paintings.

Martin Luther

Jan 1, 1500

Martin Luther, O.S.A., was a German professor of theology, composer, priest, monk and a seminal figure in the Protestant Reformation. Luther came to reject several teachings and practices of the Roman Catholic Church. Such technique was indulgences this really affected his life because the roman Catholic church later made the dict of worms and he then came back and got killed.

Desiderius Erasmus

Jan 1, 1500

Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus, known as Erasmus or Erasmus of Rotterdam, was a Dutch/Netherlandish Renaissance humanist, Catholic priest, social critic, teacher, and theologian. Erasmus was a classical scholar and wrote in a pure Latin style. Thought that XP should show people how to live a good life day to day, focused on inward religion.

King Henry VIII

Apr 21, 1509

King Henry VIII was King of England from 21 April 1509 until his death. Henry was the second Tudor monarch, succeeding his father, Henry VII. He really had a tole on having a son so that son could rule after him when he died but the problem was that he couldn't have a son. He married 6 different women and they all had daughters, finally died and daughter took over got the name bloody marry.

95 Theses

Oct 31, 1517

The Ninety-five Theses or Disputation on the Power of Indulgences are a list of propositions for an academic disputation written in 1517 by Martin Luther, professor of moral theology at the University of Wittenburg. The 95 These explained why the church couldn't sell indulgences to the people.

Italian Wars

Jan 1, 1527

The Italian Wars, often referred to as the Great Italian Wars or the Great Wars of Italy and sometimes as the Hapsburg–Valois Wars or the Renaissance Wars, were a series of conflicts from 1494 to 1559. Charles VIII invaded Italy and then in 1527 Spain sacks Rome and leaves Spain as the dominate force in Italy.

Ulrich Zwingli

Jan 1, 1531

Huldrych Zwingli or Ulrich Zwingli was a leader of the Reformation in Switzerland. Born during a time of emerging Swiss patriotism and increasing criticism of the Swiss mercenary system, he also got rid of relics and images and Mass was replaced with readings, prayer, and sermons. He wanted to ally with ML but disagreed on too much
b. war broke out in Switzerland between Protestants and Catholics- Oct. 1531.

Jesuits

Jan 1, 1534

Where founded by Ignatius of Loyola.
The Jesuits where special because they all took an absolute vow to follow the Pope. They where also special because they used education to help restore damage.

John Calvin

Jan 1, 1536

John Calvin was an influential French theologian, pastor and reformer during the Protestant Reformation, later but converting to Protestantism caused him to flee to Switz. In 1536 he published Institutes of the Christian Religion. It was summary of Protestant thoughts. He also believed in justification by faith alone”.

Charles V

Mar 14, 2017

Charles V was ruler of both the Spanish Empire from 1516 and the Holy Roman Empire from 1519, as well as of the Habsburg Netherlands from 1506. His colonies includedin America, Austria, Bohemia, Hungary, BeNeLux (Low) countries, and Milan and Naples in Italy. He also wanted it all,fought with the French (who were backed by the Pope), who said Charles was a Frenchman (true)…
invasions into Eastern Europe by the Ottoman turks.