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A long narrative poem wrote in the years 1308-1320
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collection of stories in frame story written from 1387-1400
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filippo maria visconti ruled from 1412 to 1447.
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In 1413 donatello was commissioned to create a statue of st.george for the guild of florentine armorers and sword makers.
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Began in 1420, the Italian Renaissance (Italian: Rinascimento ) was the earliest manifestation of the general European Renaissance, a period of great cultural change and achievement that began in Italy during the 14th century (Trecento) and lasted until the 17th century (Seicento), marking the transition between Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe.
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they were descendants from the salvestros family began the dynasty of the medici dynasty… 1434
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The Arnolfini Portrait is a 1434 oil painting on oak panel by the Early Netherlandish painter Jan van Eyck. It forms a full-length double portrait, believed to depict the Italian merchant Giovanni di Nicolao Arnolfini and his wife, presumably in their home in the Flemish city of Bruges.
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Descendants from the salvestros family began the dynasty of the Medici
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1450 Christian humanism spreads to Northern Europe Cause- The translation of the bible from Latin to German, Dutch, and Skandinavian languages. Effect- Birth of protestantism.
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The Gutenberg Bible is the first great book printed in Western Europe from movable metal type. It is a monument that marks a turning point in the art of bookmaking and in the transition from the Middle Ages to the modern world. The Bible was completed in Mainz, Germany, probably in late 1455.
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In 1494 charles VIII lead an invasion that initiated a series of wars that lasted till 1559
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Leonardo da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa over the period ranging from 1503-1506.
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a latin essay written in 1509, printed in 1511.
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Image: lookandlearn.com
The Sistine Chapel ceiling, painted by Michelangelo between 1508 and 1512, is a cornerstone work of High Renaissance art. The ceiling is that of the Sistine Chapel, the large papal chapel built within the Vatican between 1477 and 1480 by Pope Sixtus IV, for whom the chapel is named. -
The Ninety-Five Theses on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences were written by Martin Luther in 1517 and are widely regarded as the initial catalyst for the Protestant Reformation. The disputation protests against clerical abuses, especially nepotism, simony, usury, pluralism, and the sale of indulgences.
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Charles V: Holy Roman Emperor. Charles V defeated the candidacy of Francis I of France and was elected Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire on 28 June 1519. As an Emperor, Charles V made sustained efforts to curb the spread of the Reformation.
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Luther excommunicated himself from the Catholic Church by his words and actions and the Catholic Church merely confirmed that by formal excommunication. .
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The Sack of Rome on 6 May 1527 was a military event carried out in Rome (then part of the Papal States) by the mutinous troops of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. It marked a crucial imperial victory in the conflict between Charles and the League of Cognac (1526–1529)—the alliance of France , Milan , Venice , Florence and the Papacy .
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The Book of the Courtier (Italian: Il Cortegiano [il korteˈdʒaːno]) is a courtesy book or book of manners which dealt with issues of etiquette, behaviour and morals, particularly at princely, or royal courts. Courtesy literature can be traced back to 13th century German and Italian writers.
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The Prince is a 16th-century political treatise by the Italian diplomat and political theorist Niccolò Machiavelli. From correspondence a version appears to have been distributed in 1513, using a Latin title, De Principatibus. However, the printed version was not published until 1532, five years after Machiavelli's death.
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King Henry VIII created the Church of England in 1536 as a result of a dispute with the pope, who would not permit Henry to get a divorce from his wife and marry his long-time mistress. Henry's marital history started under a cloud of suspicion, as his marriage to Catherine of Aragon meant he was forming a union with his brother's widow.
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The Society of Jesus is classified among institutes as a mendicant order of clerks regular, that is, a body of priests organized for apostolic work
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Mary Tudor, Queen of England was born on Monday, 18th of February 1516, at the Palace of Placentia in Greenwich. She was the only surviving child of Henry VIII and his first wife Catherine of Aragon. Mary was the first Mary Queen of England and is known as Mary 1, Queen of England and Ireland. She shared a common ancestor with Mary Queen of Scots.
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In History. Feb 15, 1555. Peace of Augsburg divides Christianity in Germany. The Augsburg Settlement, was a treaty between Charles V and the forces of the Schmalkaldic League, an alliance of Lutheran princes, on September 25, 1555, at the imperial city of Augsburg, now in present-day Bavaria, Germany.
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The Acts of Supremacy are two acts of the Parliament of England passed in 1534 and 1559 which established King Henry VIII of England and subsequent monarchs as the supreme head of the Church of England. Prior to 1534, the supreme head of the English Church was the Pope of the Roman Catholic Church.
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The Council of Trent (Latin : Concilium Tridentinum), held between 1545 and 1563 in Trent (or Trento, in northern Italy), was the 19th ecumenical council of the Catholic Church. Prompted by the Protestant Reformation, it has been described as the embodiment of the Counter-Reformation.
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Switzerland was to be divided into a patchwork of Protestant and Catholic cantons, with the Protestants tending to dominate the larger cities, and the Catholics the more rural areas. In 1656, tensions between Protestants and Catholics re-emerged and led to the outbreak of the First War of Villmergen. The Catholics were victorious and able to maintain their political dominance.
