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Sep 30, 1517
95 Theses
-"The Ninety-Five Theses on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences"
-Written by Martin Luther and produced with the aid of the Gutenburg printing press in 1517
-Addressed the unjustful action and cynicism regarding the sale of indulgences, above other things
-Widely regarded as the original cataylst of the Protestant Reformation -
Sep 30, 1521
Diet of Worms
-The imperiel 'diet' (a formal, general assembly) of the Holy Roman Empire held in Worms, Germany
-Addressed Martin Luther and the effects of the Protestant Reformation
-Presided by Emperor Charles V -
Oct 17, 1521
Henry VIII "Defender of the Faith"
-Pope Leo X declared King Henry VIII the Fidei Defensor or Defender of the Faith
-This title was given to honor Henry for his book "Defense of the Seven Sacraments", attacking the theology of Martin Luther
-This title was added to the full royal title of Henry as “Henry the Eighth, by the Grace of God, King of England and France, Defender of the Faith and Lord of Ireland” -
Period: Oct 1, 1529 to Oct 4, 1529
Marburg Colloquay
-A meeting at Marburg Castle in Marburg, Hesse, Germany
-Attempted to solve a dispution between Martin Luther and Ulrich Zwingli over the presence of Christ at the Lord's Supper
-Primary motivation was political
-Goal was to unite the Protestant states in political alliance, therefore religious harmony was an important factor of consideration (program will not let me insert picture because this particular event is recorded in a timespan) -
Jun 25, 1530
Augsburg Confession
-Primary confession of faith of the Lutheran Church
-One of the most important documents of the Lutheran Reformation -Written in German and Latin -
Nov 1, 1534
Act of Supremacy
-A piece of legislation that granted King Henry VIII of England Royal Supremacy (head of the church of England)
-Act repealed in 1554 by King Henry's elder daughter, Queen Mary I -
Sep 30, 1536
John Calvin Institutes of Christian Religion
-A book entailing the Protestant systematic theology
-Intended as an introductory textbook on the Protestant faith for people with previous knowledge of theology
-Covered a wide range of theological topics -Highly influential in western world -
Sep 27, 1540
Society of Jesus
-Christian male congregation of the Catholic Church
-Members are called Jesuits
-Original members felt that they had been placed together by Christ
-Pope Paul III gave them a commendation, and permitted them to become ordained priests in 1537
-The Society of Jesus was officially founded later in 1540 -
Period: Sep 30, 1545 to Sep 30, 1563
Council of Trent
-Held in Trent, Bologna and northern Italy
-One of the Roman Catholic Church's most important councils
-Prompted by the Protestant Reformation, it has been described as the embodiment of the Counter-Reformation
-Council of Trent issued condemnations of what it defined to be disgraces committed by Protestantism
-Addressed a wide range of subjects (scripture, the Biblical canon, sacred tradition, sin, justification, salvation, sacraments)
-Met 25 times
(program will not let me insert picture) -
Sep 25, 1555
Peace of Augsburg
-Also known as the Augsburg Settlement
-Treaty between Charles V and the Schmalkaldic League (alliance of Lutheran princes)
-Occured in Augsburg, now present day Bavaria, Germany
-Ended in religious struggle between the two groups
-The legal division of the Christendom became permanent within the Holy Roman Empire -
Edict of Nantes
-Issued by Henry IV of France
-Granted the Calvinist Protestants of France substantial rights in a nation still considered Catholic
-Goal was to promote civil unity -
King James Bible
-"The King James Version" is a translation of the Christian bible in English
-King gave strict orders to translators to guarantee that this new version would conform and reflect on the structure of the Christian church in England
-Today the 'King James Version' is often identifies the Oxford standard text, especially in the United States -
English Reformation
-A series of events in 16th century England during which the Church of England broke away from the Pope and Catholic Church
-Contributing factors include: the Protestant Reformation, the decline of feudalism, the rise of nationalism, the rise of the common law and the invention of the printing press which increased circulation of the Bible (exact date unconfirmed and unclear) -
Execution of William Tyndale
-William Tyndale was an English scholar and leading figure in Protestant reform in the years leading up to his execution
-Well known for his translation of the Bible into English
-Betrayed by Henry Phillips to imperial authorities -Tried on a charge of heresy in 1536 and condemned to be burned to death -
Execution of Sir Thomas More
-Canonized as Saint Thomas More
-English lawyer, social philosopher, author, statesman and Renaissance humanist
-Opposed King's separation from the Catholic Church
-Refused to accept King as Supreme Head of the Church of England
-Tried for treason
-Beheaded
