Polymers

Nitrocellulose

1845

Cellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose, fulmicoton, celluloid or cotton powder is a solid similar to cotton, or a slightly yellow or colorless gelatinous liquid with the smell of ether. It was first synthesized in 1846 by Christian Schönbein

Celluloid

1860

Celluloid is the trade name of a plastic material of cellulose nitrate, which is obtained using nitrocellulose and camphor, with added dyes and other agents. Essentially it is considered the first thermoplastic material, which was first created as Parkesina in 1856

Bakelite

1907

Bakelite (or baekelite) was the first fully synthetic plastic substance, created in 1907 and named in honor of its creator, the Belgian Leo Baekeland.

Rayon

1908

Rayon is a manufactured and regenerated cellulosic artificial fiber. In Europe it was called viscose.

Cellophane

1920

Cellophane is a natural polymer derived from cellulose. It has the appearance of a film (like the one used to wrap snacks) thin, transparent, flexible and resistant to tensile stress.

PVC

1926

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) (C2H3Cl) n is the product of polymerization of the vinyl chloride monomer [2]. It is the derivative of the most versatile plastic. It can be produced by four different processes: suspension, emulsion, mass and solution.

Neoprene

1931

Neoprene or polychloroprene is a family of synthetic rubbers that are produced by polymerization of chloroprene. Neoprene has good chemical stability and maintains flexibility over a wide range of temperatures. The name neoprene is the trademark of the chloroprene polymer.

Nylon

1935

Nylon or nylon (Spanish spelling of the trade name Nylon, registered trademark ) is a synthetic polymer belonging to the polyamide group. Nylon is an elastic and resistant textile fiber, the moth does not attack it, does not require ironing and is used in the manufacture of socks, fabrics and knitted fabrics, also bristles and sedans. Molded nylon is used as a hard material in the manufacture of various utensils, such as brush handles, combs

Polyethylene

1936

Polyethylene (PE) is chemically the simplest polymer. It is represented with its repetitive unit (CH2-CH2) n. It is one of the most common plastics due to its low price and simplicity in its manufacture, which generates an annual production of approximately 80 million tons worldwide. It is chemically inert. It is obtained from the polymerization of ethylene (chemical formula CH2 = CH2 and called ethene by the IUPAC), from which its name derives.

Teflon

1938

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (better known as Teflon) is a polymer similar to polyethylene, in which hydrogen atoms have been replaced by fluorine atoms. The chemical formula of the monomer, tetrafluoroethene, is CF2 = CF2. The polymer formula is shown in the figure

Tupperware

1949

Kevlar

1966

Kevlar o poliparafenileno tereftalamida es una poliamida sintetizada por primera vez en 1965 por la química polaco-estadounidense Stephanie Kwolek (1923-2014), quien trabajaba para DuPont. La obtención de las fibras de Kevlar fue complicada, destacando el aporte de Herbert Blades, que solucionó el problema de qué disolvente emplear para el procesado.

Polyester amides

1979

In groups C08L 65/00 - C08L 85/00, unless otherwise indicated, the compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions that form two different bonds in the main chain, are classified only according to the excess link present.