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The Mississippi Black Codes
During 1865. Andre Johnson put into effect his own plan of Reconstruction, establishing procedures whereby new governments, elected by white voters only, would be created in the South. Among the first laws passed by the new governments were The Black Codes, which attempted to regulate the lives of the former slaves (What is Freedom page 7) -
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The Mississippi Black Codes
During 1865. Andre Johnson put into effect his own plan of Reconstruction, establishing procedures whereby new governments, elected by white voters only, would be created in the South. Among the first laws passed by the new governments were The Black Codes, which attempted to regulate the lives of the former slaves (What is Freedom page 7) -
Elizabeth Cady Stanton. "Home Life"
Women activists saw Reconstruction as the moment for women to claim their own emancipation. In 1875, Elizabeth Cady Stanton drafted an essay demanding that the idea of quality, which had "Revolutionized" American politics, be extended into private life.(What is freedom. Page 14) -
Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Women and Economics
During the progressive Era, the working woman-immigrant and native, working class and professional-became a symbol of female emancipation. The growing number of younger women who desired a life-long career, wrote Charlotte Perkins Gilman in her influential book Women and Economics, offered evidence of a "spirit of personal independence". (The Progressive Era, Page 81) -
Woodrow Wison and the New Freedom
The four-way presidential contest of 1912 between President William Howard Taft, former president Theodore Roosevelt, Woodrow Wilson, and Socialist Eugene V.Debs became a national debate on the relationship between political and economic freedom in the age of big business (The Progressive Era 1912. Page 100) -
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Woodrow Wilson and the New Freedom
The four-way presidential contest of 1912 between President William Howard Taft, former president Theodore Roosevelt, Woodrow Wilson, and Socialist Eugene V.Debs became a national debate on the relationship between political and economic freedom in the age of big business (The Progressive Era 1912. Page 100) -
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World War II and Mexican-Americans
Founded in 1929, the League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC) campaigned for equal treatment for Americans of Latino descent and their full integration into American life. Some half a million Mexican-Americans served in the armed forces during World War II, but Latinos continued to face widespread discrimination. An editorial in the LULAC newsletter soon after the war ended drew upon military service to condemn anti-Latino prejudice. (Fighting for the Four Freedoms. Page 206) -
Franklin Roosevelt, Speech to the Democratic National Convention
Along with being a superb politician. Franklin D. Roosevelt was a master of political communication. In his speech in Philadelphia accepting the Democratic nomination for reelection in 1936, he defended New Deal reforms and spending programs and , invoking the patriotic struggle for independence in the 1770's,identified his business critics as "royalists" opposed to the freedom of ordinary Americans.(The New Deal. Page 172) -
World War II and Mexican-Americans
Founded in 1929, the League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC) campaigned for equal treatment for Americans of Latino descent and their full integration into American life. Some half a million Mexican-Americans served in the armed forces during World War II, but Latinos continued to face widespread discrimination. An editorial in the LULAC newsletter soon after the war ended drew upon military service to condemn anti-Latino prejudice. (Fighting for the Four Freedoms. Page 206) -
Declaration of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam
In September 1945, Vietnam proclaimed its independence, and the document drew not on communist ideology but on the American Declaration of Independence , whose famous preamble it repeated at the outset, and the French Declaration of the Rights of Man. Ho Chi Minh hoped that Western powers would see their own ideals being acted out in the Vietnamese struggle for independence.(The United States and the Cold War. Page 215) -
Marin Luther King Jr. and the Montgomery Bus Boycott
In December 1955, Rosa Parks, a veteran of local black politics who worked as a tailor's assistant in a Montgomery, Alabama, department store, refused to surrender her seat on a city bus to a white rider, as required by local law. The Montgomery bus boycott launched the movement for racial justice as a nonviolent crusade based in the black churches of the South. (An Affluent Society. Page 267) -
Declaration for Global Democracy
During the 1990's the country resounded with talk of a new era in human history, with a borderless economy and a "global civilization". The collapse of communism between 1989 and 1991 opened the entire world to the spread of market capitalism and the idea that government should interfere as little as possible with economic activity (From Triumph to Tragedy. Page 336) -
Robert Byrd on the War in Iraq
Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia condemned his colleagues for refusing even to debate the question. He criticized the idea of an "Unprovoked military attack" on another nation and the Bush administration's indifference to worldwide opposition to the impeding war. Unable to obtain approval from the United Nations, The United States went to war anyway in March 2003. But, as Byrd had warned, securing the peace proved to be extremely difficult ( A New Century and New Crises. Page 353)
