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CALL
When it was first introduced on university mainframe computers
emerged at the same time that
behavioristic approaches to language teaching were being rejected at both the theoretical and pedagogical. CALL’s origins and development trace back to the 1960’s and since has consisted of a symbiotic relationship betweenthe development of technology and pedagogy. [1] Its development can be divided into three phases: behavioristic CALL, communicative CAL,L and integrative /explorative CALL -
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CALL in universities
CALL was confined to universities where programs were developed on big mainframe computers, like the PLATO project, initiated at the University of Illinois in 1960.
computers were considered ideal for this aspect of learning as the machines did not get bored or impatient with learners and the computer could present material to the student as his/her own pace and even adapt the drills to the level of the student -
Home computer
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Critics
Critics pointed out that the computer was still being used in an disconnected fashion -
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New skills
Integrates the teaching of language skills into tasks or projects to provide direction and coherence. It also coincides with the development of multimedia technology as well as computer-mediated communication -
Rosetta Stone
Rosetta Stone Language Learning is proprietary, computer-assisted language learning (CALL) software published by Rosetta Stone Inc, part of the IXL Learning family of products.[citation needed] The software uses images, text, and sound to teach words and grammar by spaced repetition, without translation. Rosetta Stone calls its approach Dynamic Immersion. -
Smartphones
A smartphone is a portable computer device that combines mobile telephone functions and computing functions into one unit. They are distinguished from older-design feature phones by their more advanced hardware capabilities and extensive mobile operating systems, which facilitate wider software, access to the internet (including web browsing over mobile broadband), and multimedia functionality (including music, video, cameras, and gaming) -
Duolingo
Duolingo is an American educational technology company which produces learning apps and provides language certification.
age courses, from popular languages, such as English and Spanish to less commonly studied languages, such as Welsh, Irish, and Swahili.