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The Land Enclosure Movement
Enclosure was the legal process in England of consolidating small landholdings into larger farms. Once enclosed, use of the land became restricted to the owner, and it ceased to be common land for communal use. The enduring impact is that this lead to the migration of people to the city in search for jobs who eventually tended to the machines of the Industrial Revolution. -
Second Agricultural Revolution
The British Agricultural Revolution, or Second Agricultural Revolution, was the unprecedented increase in agricultural production in Britain due to increases in labour and land productivity between the mid-17th and late 19th centuries.The enduring impact of this event is that the population incline and development of new technology contributed to the Industrial Revolution. -
Abraham Darby's Experimentation
Darby used coal instead of charcoal to smelt iron, and separate it from its ore. His experiments led to him producing less expensive parts for the steam engines. The enduring impact of this event is that his grandson was able to improve his methods and build the world's first iron bridge, which lead to the building of many other common items such as railroad tracks, and iron beams. -
Key Improvement Made by James Watt
The first working steam engine had been patented in 1698 by Thomas Newcomen who's engines were pumping water from mines all over the country. In around 1764, Watt was given a model Newcomen engine to repair. He designed a separate condensing chamber for the steam engine that prevented enormous losses of steam. His first patent in 1769 covered this device and other improvements on Newcomen's engine.The enduring impact is the steam engine was used with locomotives and steamships. -
The Industrial Revolution Spreads to the US
Samuel Slater, (an English businessman), brought British knowledge of cotton manufacturing to the U.S in 1793. He opened the first textile mil in Rhode Island. The enduring impact of this event is that this caused the Industrial Revolution to spread to the U.S. -
Luddites Protest Against the Industrial Revolution
In Nottinghamshire, they protested against wage reductions. Workers sent threatening letters to employers and broke into factories to destroy the new machines, such as the new wide weaving frames. They also attacked employers, magistrates and food merchants. There were fights between Luddites and government soldiers. The enduring impact was that there was a downside to the Industrial Revolution. -
The Factory Acts Passed in England
In 1833 the Government passed a Factory Act to improve conditions for children working in factories. Young children were working very long hours in workplaces where conditions were often terrible. The basic act was as follows: ... four factory inspectors appointed to enforce the law.The enduring impact is that their ideas were accepted all over the world in places such as Asia, and Africa -
The writings of Karl Marx and Engels
These books laid the foundation for Marx and Engels's most famous work, a political pamphlet that has since come to be commonly known as The Communist Manifesto. Written jointly by Marx and Engels from December 1847 to January 1848, The Communist Manifesto was first published on 21 February 1848. The enduring impact is that their ideas were accepted all over the world in places such as Asia, and Africa.
