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Jun 15, 1516
First Ghetto
Established in Venice, Italy.Was a Jewish Quarter in which the city's jews lived in. -
Publication of The Protocols of the Elders of Zion
"If ever a piece of writing could produce mass hatred, it is this one. . . . This book is about lies and slander."
Elie Wiesel, Nobel Peace Prize Laureate The Protocols of the Elders of Zion was written in order to spread false rumors about the Jews, including stories of how they planned to dominate the world, spread illness, and create religous conflict. The Protocols of the Elders of Zion influenced many people to hate the Jewish society. -
Founding of the Nazi Party
This party, led by Adolf Hitler, was found based on the idea that the Jewish people were not German. It provided a political party that openly expressed support of racism and Jewish persecution. This party gained supporters and population by putting out anti-Jewish propaganda. -
First Concentration Camp created by the SS
In 1933, The very first concentration camp was created by the SS as a detention center for thousands of German political prisoners. The Nazis also arrested authors and artists whose work they considered against the Nazi ideas or they were Jewish. They would arrest them, put under economic restrictions, and other forms of discriminations. -
Hitler Appointed Chancellor
President Paul von Hindenburg appointed Hitler as chancellor, and Hitler began the roots of the Nazi Party. This party disregarded the individual freedoms of others and created the Volk Community- which overpassed religious and class differences. This was the first major step up towards Anti-Semitism. -
The Reichstag Fire Decree
The Reichstag Fire was a fire which burnt down the parliament building in Germany. Although it is unclear who caused the fire, Hitler and the corrupt German government jumped on this opportunity to tighten their control over the citicens. Although the fire did little damage, the government saw it as a sign of rebellion. Hitler then set restrictions on the people by taking away basic rights and giving the corrupt police more control.This became a sign of the growing Nazi power. -
The Dachau
The Dachau concentration camp was the first regular concentration camp established by the National Socialist government. Heinrich Himmler, in his capacity as police president of Munich, officially described the camp as "the first concentration camp for political prisoners." It was located on the grounds of an abandoned munitions factory near the northeastern part of the town of Dachau, about 10 miles northwest of Munich in southern Germany. -
Use of Civil Service Laws to Eliminate Jews
This law allowed German authorities to exhile Jews from government agencies and economic, law, and cultural positions. They abolished trade connections and forced the workers into German Labor Fronts. The Nazi Party also attempted to, without success, synchronize christian denominations and youth groups. -
Book Burnings
"Book burning" is the public burning of novels or written material. It is usually derived from opposition to religion or political material in the burnt novels. In 1817, in one of the most famous book burnings of all time, German student associations held a public festival to burn material they thought of as "Un-German" to create a unified country.Book Burnings were used throughout the Holocaust time period to destroy works written by Jewish people. -
Nazi Party Becomes the Only Political Party in Germany
The last-standing German parliament transferred their legislative power to Hitler's party. Other parties were banned or left from pressure and the Reichstag became a stamp for Hilter's power. Now that the Nazi party was the only power left in Germany, the Jews had no chance against the Nazi government. -
Nuremberg Laws and the Roma
Nazis targeted Roma, other known as Gypsies, on racial grounds. The Nuremberg laws, which were laws made by the Germans, defined Jews by blood according to racist theories. These laws were adapted to include the Roma. The Nazis saw them as unproductice and socially unfit. They were among the first to be killed in the moblie gas vans at extermination camps. The Nazis also deported more than 20,000 Roma to the Auschwitz-Birkenau camp.(this is were most of them were murdered in the gas vans) -
Law on Legal Advice
The Law on Legal Advice of 13. December 1935 is a result of the Nuremberg race laws. Implementing regulations ensured that Jewish lawyers and judges could no longer be active because of their ''race''. In order to prevent that they give free advice, lawyers got a monopoly on legal advice. Therefore Jews where fired from the lawyers chamber and were not allowed to assist suffering comrades before court. The same happened to lawyers critical to the Nazi regime. -
Flossenbürg Concentration Camp
SS authorities determined a site near the small town of Flossenbürg to be suitable for the establishment of a concentration camp, due to its potential for extracting granite for construction purposes. -
Kristallnacht-The Night of the Broken Glass
The Nazi party destroyed over 7,000 synagouges and shops of Jewish-owned stores throughout Germany and Austria. This event began the era in which genicide and persecuting Jews was widely accepted. -
Period: to
Polish Citizens and The Nazis
The Nazis viewed Poles and other Slavic people as secondary and put them into forced labor. The Nazis people saw the Poles as dangerous and targeted for execution. Between the years 1939 and 1945 at least 1.5 million Polish citizens were deported to German territories for force labor. Also hundrends of thousands were also imprisoned in the Nazi concentration camps. -
Antisemitism
(Source)It is the persecution of Jews a central tenet of Nazi ideoligy. (In the picture, the sign says "Jews are not wanted here".) -
When WWII began, there were already 6 concentration camps.
(Source)A concentration camp is a camp in which people are detained or confined, usually under harsh conditions and without regard to legal norms of arrest and imprisonment that are acceptable in a constitutional democracy. -
Adolf Hitler protecting the Euthanasia Program
Adolf Hitler signed a secret authorization to protect his physicians and medical staff who were involved in the killings from prosecution. -
Hitler Proctects the Euthanasian Program
Adolf Hitler signed a secret authorization that would protect the physicians, medical staff involved in the Euthanasian Program from prosecution. -
Poland's 1st Ghetto
Piotrków Trybunalski was the 1st ghetto in Nazi Europe. It was used to control the Jewish population and segregate them, while the Nazi government discussed the different ways to remove the Jewish population in Nazi Europe. -
The Euthanasia Program begins
Members of Hitler's private chancellery asked parents with children under the age of 3 with disabilities to send their children to a special pedriatic clinic. There, physicians would kill the children by using gassing chambers and lethal injections. -
Large Gheetto
The Largest was in Warsaw, Poland.opened on October 12,1940. -
Invasion of the Soviet Union
The Einsatzgruppen followed the German army as it advanced deep into the Soviet Territory. They carried out mass murder operations. They deported Jews away from their towns and cities and sent them to killing centers. They came directly to the homes of the Jews. -
Hitler haults Program!
In August of 1941, Hitler halted the Euthanasia Program. He would later resume the program that time period would be called "Euthanasia" effort. -
The Kiev Jews
Kiev, where in two days in late September 1941, units of Einsatzgruppe soldiers massacred 33,771 Kiev Jews. They killed the Jews in the ravine at Babi Yar. Of 4 units, the Einsatzgruppe unit, D, operated farthest south. Its soldiers carried out massacres in the southern part of Ukraine and the Crimea. -
Gas Vans
In the late summer of 1941, Heinrich Himmler requested that a more convenient way of killing be developed. The idea became the creation of the gas van. A gas van is a mobile gas chamber mounted on the back of a cargo truck which gave out carbon monoxide from the truck's exhaust to kill its victims. Gas vans made their first apperence on the eastern fronts in the late fall of 1941. -
Chelmno
This was the first killing center located in Warthegau. Jews were gassed in mobile vans there. Chelmo was the beginning of Operation Reinhard killing centers. -
Operation Reinhard Camps
The Nazis opened the Belzec, Sobibor, and Treblinka killing centers which are known as the Operation Reinhard camps in 1942. These camps were to systematically murder the Jews of Poland. Operation Reinhard killing centers killed approximately 1,526,500 Jews between March 1942 and November 1943. -
U.S Based Rescues
American Friends Service Committee created help to Jewish refugees in France, Portugal, and Spain throughout the war.They eventually brought in 1,000 unaccompanied Jewish refugee children It was between 1934 - 1942. -
Auschwitzbirkenau
The largest killing center was Auchwitzbirkenau. In 1943 it had four gas chambers in use. At the peak of the killings, as many as 6,000 Jews were gassed everyday. By November 1944 over a million Jews and tens of thousands of Soviet prisoners, Poles and Roma were killed. -
Karski meets Roosevelt
Jan Karski, a non-jew from London came up with a plan to expose the plans of the Nazi soliders to kill the Jews. He met with many Jewish leaders in the summer of 1942 and passed their reports of mass killings in the Belzec killing center to Allied leaders, including U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt who wished to help stop the killings. -
Danish Jews go into Immediate Hiding
In late summer 1943, German authorities put a martial law into place on Denmark, planning to deport Jews while the law was in place. A businessman tipped off the Danish authorities of their plan and almost immediately all the Jews went into hiding. In the following days most of the 7,800 Jews were ferried to safety in Sweden. -
Ghettoization started in Hungary
In Hungary Ghettoization started in spring 1944.In less han three months over 440,000 jews were shiped all over Hungary. -
Soviet Soldiers' Reasons for Evacuations/Death Marches.
(1944-1945)
1. SS didn't want Jewish prisoners falling into enemy hands to tell what has happened at the concetration camps.
2. SS thought they needed Jewish prisoners to maintain productions of armaments.
3. SS used Jewish prisoners as hostages to bargin for a separate peace in the west that would guarantee the survival of the Nazi regime.. -
Polish Citizens and The Nazis
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Death March Through Dachau
A death march from Dachau through a village on there way to Wolfratshausen to wear out Jews so they would eventually die on the march. -
Buchenwald Concentration Camp is Liberated.
Underground prisoner resistance organization seized control of Buchenwald to prevent atrocities by the retreating guards. More than 20,000 Jewish prisoners were liberated. -
After the Liberation
After the liberation, freed Jews cook in a field because they have no where else to go, and are all sick from the bad conditions of the concentration camps they stayed at. -
Jewish Prisoners Burned After a Death March
After going on a death march, Jewish prisoners are put in a barn and burned to death so they couldn't fall into enemy hands to tell what has happened to them at the concentration camps. -
Bergen-Belsen Concentration Camp Liberation
American forces find that at Bergen-Belsen conceration camp 60,000 Jewish prisoners suffered from typus empidimic, a disease that gave you high fevers, rashes due to infection, headaches, and vomiting.
