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Discrimination of Jews
Throughout the 1930s, the legal, economic, and social rights of Jews were steadily restricted. -
Hitler appointed Chancellor
Adolf Hitler is appointed chancellor (a senior state or legal official) of Germany. Currently Jewish population of 566,000. -
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Nazi Regime
Between 1933 and 1945 every aspect of German life was influenced or affected in some way by Adolf Hitler and his Nazi Party. In some cases, this worked for the betterment of the average German – ordering economic effort, stimulating industry, creating employment, improving standards of living, and re-igniting a sense of pride in the nation. In other cases totalitarian control directed the nation down paths which had an opposite effect. -
Election Strategies: Police
40000 SS (Schutzstaffel: Protection Squadron or defence corps) and SA (Sturmabteilung: Storm Troops; Nazi Militia) sworn in as additional support police under regime of Hitler. -
Election Strategies: Force
Reichstag Fire. Hitler uses the fire to create a crisis atmosphere, blame the communists, gain political support and hold an election to overturn communists and put Hitler in control. -
Enabling Act
German Government (Reichstag: Parliament) passes enabling Act giving Hitler dictatorial powers.
Law Passed: Protection of the people and the state = free reign to OPPRESS and SUPPRESS the opposition -
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Eliminated Opponents
Every element of German life was involved with Geschaltung (meaning "coordiantion, making the same" → basis of Nazi Totalitarianism. Speedy process of becoming dictatorship and furthermore a totalitarianism.Hitler began to eliminate all possible opponents. Political groups, church groups, youth groups etc. He suspended all parliaments -
Night of Long Knives
S.A. leaders were murdered with a blood purge, and the military allied with Hitler.
President Von Hindenburg told Hitler that if he didn't move to restrain the SA then they would dissolve his government with martial power (military imposed action). -
Hitler becomes Führer
President Von Hindenberg dies and Hitler establishes himself as Führer. -
Nuremberg Laws Enforced
Nurembureg Laws took away citizenship and inter-marriage laws from Jews. "The Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honor" (regarding Jewish marriage) and "The Reich Citizenship Law" (designating Jews as subjects). -
Evian Conference
League of Nations conference in France with delegates from 32 countries to consider helping Jews fleeing Hitler, but results in inaction as no country will accept them. -
Jewish Passports
Law requires Jewish passports to be idetified with a stamped red 'J'. -
Kristallnacht - Night of Broken Glass
On the night of November 9, 1938, violence against Jews broke out across the Reich. It appeared to be unplanned, set off by Germans' anger over the assassination of a German official in Paris at the hands of a Jewish teenager. In fact, German propaganda minister Joseph Goebbels and other Nazis carefully organized the pogroms. -
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Ghettos created
Between 1935 and 1945, 356 ghettos in Poland, the Soviet Union, the Baltic States, Czechoslovakia, Romania, and Hungary. Guards were placed strategically at gateways and other boundary openings. Jews were not allowed to leave the "Jewish residential districts," under penalty of death. All ghettos had the most appalling, inhuman living conditions. -
Beginning of Relocation
Jews are denied the right as tenants and are relocated into Jewish homes. -
Poland Invaded
Nazi's invade Poland, beginning of SS involvement in Poland. Estimated 3.3 millions Jews living in Poland at this time. -
WWI
Great Britain and France declare war on Germany after Germany invaded and infiltrated Poland. -
Auschwitz Birkenau Opened
Auschwitz is possibly the most famous concentration camp as it was primarily known as a death camp. There were three sub-camps within the camp, a labour camp, a death camp and a holding camp. An estimated 2.1-2.5 million people are thought to have died here. -
Yellow Stars
German Jews are forced to wear Yellow Stars. -
Auschwitz Gas Chambers
Mass killings of Jews using Zyklon-B begin at Auschwitz-Birkenau with the bodies being buried in mass graves in a nearby meadow. -
Wannsee Conference
The Wannsee Conference was held in Berlin and was a meeting of 15 senior Nazi officials to discuss and coordiante "The Final Solution". The "Final Solution" was the code name for the systematic, deliberate, physical annihilation of the European Jews. Hitler authorized this European-wide scheme for mass murder however Heydrich convened the Wannsee Conference in his absence. -
Deportation to Extermination
Jews begin to be deported using the efficient railroad system from ghettos and concentration camps to death camps such as Auschwitz Birkenau. -
Treblinka Opened
Treblinka was another extermination camp that opened. Six other known camps were also created over time which used gas chambers and mass shootings to exterminate Jews. -
Josef Mengele
Dr Josef Mengele is renowned for his cruel and dehumanising experiments that he conducted in Auschwitz. He arrived some time in May, 1943. -
Crimes Recognised
President Roosevelt issues a statement condemning German and Japanese ongoing "crimes against humanity." -
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Auschwitz Deaths
Auschwitz-Birkenau records its highest-ever daily number of persons gassed and burned at just over 9,000. Six huge pits are used to burn bodies, as the number exceeds the capacity of the crematories. -
Small Victory for Russia
Russian troops liberate the first concentration camp, at Majdanek where over 360,000 had been murdered -
Last use of Gas Chambers
Last use of Gas Chambers at Auschwitz. -
Oskar Schindler
Oskar Schindler saves 1200 Jews by moving them from Plaszow labor camp to his hometown of Brunnlitz -
Destruction of Evidence
Himmler orders destruction of the crematories at Auschwitz. Explosives are used to destroy the evidence of the mass murders. -
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Liberation
Concentration camps and Extermination camps are liberated across Europe by the Allies. -
Hitler's Suicide
Hitler commits suicide with Eva Braun in their private Berlin bunker. -
Germany Surrenders
Unconditional German surrender signed by General Alfred Jodl at Reims.