-
Period: to
A History of Special Americans
There are many critical events and important
leaders that were part of the history of the disability
movement. -
Hearing a need for education..
First American residential school for students who were deaf. Thomas Gallaudet was an education pioneer and established the American School for the Deaf in 1817. -
A new "look" for education
The New England Asylum for the Blind was incorporated in Boston. The institution opened with six students, but within six years, it had ten times that number. For the first time, blind and deaf American children could attend a school that would teach them reading, writing, and mathematics.
Samuel Gridley Howe, American physician, educator, and abolitionist as well as the founding director of the New-England Institution for the Education of the Blind and the Massachusetts School. -
The Founding Fathers -Late 18th to mid 19th century
Edouard Seguin is considered the first great teacher in the field of disabilities. He improved upon Jean-Marc Gaspard Itard's method of sensory training. These two were pioneers of systematic educative procedures for the hardest to teach children. -
Girl Power!!
In 1922, Elizabeth Farrell created the Council for the Education of Exceptional Children, known today as the Council for Exceptional Children. It is the foremost professional and advocacy organizations devoted to teaching the atypical child. Farrell was also one of the founding members of the National Education Association (NEA) and one of its earliest presidents. -
Parents get involved!
Organization of parent groups first started in 1950s. They provide support, information, and structure for obtaining resources. -
Brown vs. Brown
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954)
*Separate is not equal
*Allowed for parents of students with disabilities to contend their students were not receiving adequate education
*Challenged segregation in education
*Proved they were denied equal education opportunities
*School is basically educating all students -
Prior to the 70's...
Students with disabilities were segregated from students without disabilities. Students were denied based on disability Students were denied based on sole discretion of schools.
Until the 1970s, exclusionary practices upheld in courts.
Schools denied children because their appearance “nauseated them” -
Mainstreaming students
Around 1968 students with mild disabilities were mainstreamed with students without disabilities. At this time the students were only “visiting” the general education class and not really being instructed.
Polices of normalization and deinstitutionalization were being implemented. This required agencies to provide individuals with disabilities “normal” experiences where skills were taught to allow independence. -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act, PL 94-142
The original Act and its amendments ensure that all children and youths with disabilities have a right to free, appropriate, public education -
An even better "idea"
Under the re-authorization of IDEA services were extended to infants, toddlers, and preschool children aged 3 -
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Ensures the right to nondiscriminatory treatment in other aspects of life; a civil rights law -
No Child Left Behind (NCLB) of 2001
This law means students will mild disabilities must pass all state assessments like students without disabilities. This law requires students with mild disabilities to be instructed using the state standards since they are now taking the state assessments Five core principles of NCLB:
*Strong accountability for results
*Expanded flexibility and local control of schools
*Emphasis on research based teaching methods
*Expanded options for parents
*Highly qualified teachers -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004
*Amends Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975, the EAHCA amendments of 1983 and 1986, and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1990, 1992, and 1997
*More students are educated with non-disabled peers
*More students with disabilities are employed
*More students with disabilities are attending college
*IDEA is the most important law for individuals with disabilities in the school age years.