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Fourteenth Amendment
As part of the reconstruction amendments, this addressed that all citizens should be protected by the state laws and describes who is a citizen. It also was the introduction of the Due Process Clause which denied the government from restricting a person's right to life, property, or legislation without legislative authoritazation. -
Brown v Board of Education
This was a major point in the civil rights movement for equality between whites and minorities that helped end segregation in schools. However, this case also affected education laws and procedures as well as the way people looked at children with disabilities and how they were unfairliy segregated. -
PARC v Penn Board of Education
PARC argued that the students with mental delays were not getting enough education and that states were ignoring their constitutional obligations under the 14th amendment.They believed that these students could benefit from education including academics as well everyday skills. PARC also believed that students with disabilities should be in the same room as students without disabilities. -
Mills v Board of Education
In this case, it was mandated that children with disabilities will be provided with a public education. This was also the case where districts are now responsible to provide due process safeguards as well as being provided with the procedures they had to follow when labeling, placing, and excuding students who have a disability. -
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act
This act wanted to protect and end discrimination towards people with disabilities by agencies receiving federal funds. -
The Education Amendments of 1974,
This included an increase in funding for the education of children with disabilities. However, states had to set a goal and time table to accomplish these goals. -
Education of All Handicapped Children Act
In the past children with disabilities could be expelled from the general classrooms because they were deemed a distraction to other students as well believed to not benefit from the teachings. (Watson v. City of Cambridge, 1893) In 1975 the EAHCA was passed requiring states to educate children with disabilities, changing the perspective of congress and schools nationwide. -
Americans with Disabilities Act
Prohibited discrimination towards a person with a disability involving the hiring, firing, and more in a job situation and enforcing certain accommodations for people who need it. -
IDEA
This is a four-part legislation ensuring that students receive the free education they need regardless of a disability that is tailored to their individual needs using IEP's. Its predecessor was Education for All Handicapped Children. -
Every Student Succeeds Act
Aimed to help education nationwide with continue focus on equality for people with disabilities as well as people with low SES.
