-
CALL (Computer Assisted Language Learning)
Education technology was one of the most advanced fields in the world in the second half of the 20th century (Gunduz, 2005). Computers first appeared in schools in developed countries in the late 1950s, and they continue to advance constantly all over the world. -
Behaivorist CALL
The main tenants of behaviourism during this time period were repetition and response to stimuli. This period's CALL area concentrated on repetitious training and practice (Tafazoli & Golsah, 2014). Allowing students to learn in their own way is also significant. They deliberately repeated drills while using the computer as a mechanical coach. -
Communicative CALL
This phase of CALL was based on communication. For tasks that required communication, such as chats, written assignments, critical thinking, etc., this CALL technique was employed. Other computer-related activities in the communicative phase that refer to the computer as a tool include spelling and grammar checkers and text reconstruction applications (Tafazoli&Golshan, 2014) -
Integrative CALL
The goal of integrative CALL is to properly incorporate technology and linguistic proficiency into language The most opportunities for real-world social engagement, including practice in the types of communication they will use outside of the classroom, should be provided for language learners. This can be accomplished by having students work together on real tasks and projects while they study both subject and language (Singh, 2015) -
Mobile-Assisted Language Learning
"Mobile learning is characterized by its potential for learning to be spontaneous, informal, personalized and ubiquitous" (Miangah, 2012, p. 309). Mobile phones can be carried anywhere and provide a lot of convenience for language learning in terms of facilitating access to all kinds of applications and content for the languages desired to be learned. -
Robot-Assisted Language Learning
While the integration of robots into daily life progresses over time, it is inevitable that they will also take a place in language learning. "Robot-assisted language learning (RALL) is defined as the use of robots to teach people language expression or comprehension skills such as speaking, writing, reading, or listening" (Randall, 2020, p. 7:2). -
References
Randall, N. (2020). A Survey of Robot-Assisted Language Learning (RALL). ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction, 9(1), 1–36.
Tafazoli, D. & Golshan, N. (2014a). Review of Computer-Assisted Language Learning: History, Merits & Barriers. International Journal of Language and Linguistics, 2(5), 32. -
References
Gunduz, N. (2005). "Computer Assisted Language Learning” (CALL). Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 1(2).
Miangah, T. M. (2012). Mobile-Assisted Language Learning. International Journal of Distributed and Parallel Systems, 3(1), 309–319.
Pradheep Singh, X. (2015). The History and the Current Status of Computer Assisted Language Learning. The Journal of English Language Teaching. 57. 25-35. -
References
Image by Megan_Rexazin from Pixabay
Image by geralt from Pixabay
Image by geralt from Pixabay
Image by kreatikar from Pixabay
Image by geralt from Pixabay
Image by TheDigitalArtist from Pixabay