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13th Amendment
The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. This amendment came after America's civil war between the northern states and the southern states. This was had the largest number of deathes ever recorded in American history. -
14th Amendment
The amendment addresses citizenshi rights and equal protection for the laws. it was created because of the of the issue with former slaves. Southern states didn't like this amendment but were forced to ratify it. It was one of the Recronstruction amendments after the Civil War. -
15th Amendment
The Fifteeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits the federal and state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on the citizen's "race, color, or previous condition fo servitude." This Amendment gave african americans more liberty and freedom after slavery. This amendment abolished the 3/5 rule. -
Poll Taxes
Poll taxes enacted in Southern states between 1889 and 1910 had the effect of disenfranchising many blacks as well as poor whites, because payment of the tax was a prerequisite for voting. -
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Jim Crow Laws
Jim Crow laws were racial segregation laws set by local and state. They started in 1890 with the "seperate but equal" status for African Americans. They were inforced in the south, and were madated until 1965. Some examples of the segragation were the bathrooms, buses, and resturants. -
Literacy test
A literacy test, in the context of American political history from the 1890s to the 1960s, refers to state government practices of administering tests to prospective voters purportedly to test their literacy in order to vote. In practice, these tests were intended to disenfranchise African-Americans. For other nations, literacy tests have been a matter of immigration policy. -
PLessy v.Ferguson
Argued April 13, 1896
Decided May 18, 1896 United States Supreme Court decision upholding the constitutionality of state laws requiring racial segregation in public facilities under the doctrine of "separate but equal." -
19th Amendment
The 19th amendment prohibits any United States citizen from being denied the right to vote on the basis of sex. The amendment was the culmination of the women's suffrage movement in the United States, which fought at both state and national levels to achieve the vote. -
Korematsu v. United States
United States Supreme Court case concerning the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066, which ordered Japanese Americans into internment camps during World War II regardless of citizenship. -
Sweatt v.Painter
Argued April 4, 1950
Decided June 5, 1950 U.S. Supreme Court case that successfully challenged the "separate but equal" doctrine of racial segregation established by the 1896 case Plessy v. Ferguson. The case involved a Heman Marion Sweatt, who was refused admission to the School of Law of the University of Texas, -
Brown v. Board of Education
United States Supreme Court case in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a political and social protest campaign aginst the segregation in busses. The boycott started in December 1st, 1955 to December 20th, 1956. -
Affirmative Action
The concept of affirmative action was introduced in the early 1960s in the United States, as a way to combat racial discrimination in the hiring process -
24th Amendment
The 24th amendment abolishes poll tax for all federal elections. Southern states of the former Confederacy adopted poll taxes as a way to prevent african americans and often poor whites from voting. This was another way the south tried to keep segragation. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The civil rights ct is a civl rights legislation in the Unidted States that outlawed discrimination on race, color, religion, sex ornational origin. It also ended unequal application of voter registration and segregation. -
The Voting Rights Act of 1965
Prohibits racial discrimination in voting. This was a landmark piece of federal legeslation in the United States. It was the first time that everyone in the United States had the freedom to vote without predjudice. It's considered to be the most effective piece of civil rights legislation ever enacted in the country. -
RFK remarks on the assassination of MLK
Robert F. Kennedy tells the nation that MLK had been assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee. He reads an inspirational poem that MLK had wrote. RFK was very moved by the tragic news. -
Reed v. Reed
Equal Protection case in the United States in which the Supreme Court ruled that the administrators of estates cannot be named in a way that discriminates between sexes. -
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
allowing race to be one of several factors in college admission policy. Although the Supreme Court had outlawed segregation in schools, and had even ordered school districts to take steps to assure integration, the question of the legality of voluntary affirmative action programs initiated by universities was unresolved -
Equal Rights Act
The Equal Rights Amendment was designed to guarantee equal rights for women. -
Americans with Disabilities Act
civil rights law that prohibits discrimination based on disability. ADA disabilities include both mental and physical medical conditions. -
Lawrence v. Texas
In the 6–3 ruling the Court struck down the sodomy law in Texas. The Court overturned its previous ruling on the same issue in the 1986 case Bowers v. Hardwick, where it upheld a challenged Georgia statute and did not find a constitutional protection of sexual privacy. -
Fisher v Texas
case concerning the affirmative action admissions policy of the University of Texas at Austin. -
Bowers v. Hardwick
a United States Supreme Court decision, overturned in 2003, that upheld, in a 5–4 ruling, the constitutionality of a Georgia sodomy law criminalizing oral and anal sex in private between consenting adults when applied to homosexuals.
