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14th Amendment
The 14th amendment, generally gives citizens their civil rights. -
15th Amendment
The 15th Amendment to the Constitution granted African American men the right to vote by declaring that the, "Right of citizens of the United States to vote shall no be denied or abridged by the United States of by any states on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude." -
Plessy v. Ferguson
On June 7, 1892, 30-year-old Homer Plessy was jailed for sitting in the "White" car of the East Louisiana Railroad. Plessy could easily pass for white but under Louisiana law, he was considered black despite his light complexion and therefore required to sit in the "Colored" car. -
Amendment
A amendment is a change or addition to a legal or statutory document. -
Thurgood Marshall
Thurgood Marshall was born July 2, 1908 in Baltimore and died January 24, 1993. He was an associate justice of the United States Surpreme Court, serving from October 1967 until October 1991. Marshall also was the Court's 96th jstice and its first African American Justice. He attended Howard University and Lincold University. -
Lyndon Baines Johnson
Lyndon B. Johnson became the 36th president of the United States following the Novenber 1963 assassinaion of President John F. Kennedy. -
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is an African-American civil rights organization in the United States, formed in 1909. -
Orval Faubus
Faubus Orval was the governor of Arkansas in 1955 also was a school teacher, he served in World War 2 and after the war became Aransas"s state highway commisioner. Electd to the governorship after a runoff, Faubus initional pursued a liberal course in officebut to conbat his political opponents who were staunch segregationist, he adopted a hard-line civil-rights position. In 1957, Faubus gained national attention when he called out the Arkansas National Guard to prevent the integration of a HS. -
19th Amendment
Ratified on August 18,1920, the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution granted American women the right to vote in national and local elections. -
Gerorge Wallace
George Wallace was Born August 25. 1919, and Died September 3, 1998. He was and American politician and the 45th governor of Alabama, having served two nonsonsecutive terms and tow consecutive terms. He attended Universit of Alabama and University of Alabama School of Law. -
Betty Friedan
Betty Friedan was a feminist writer and rights activist. She wrote, "The feminine Mystique." She helped advance the women's right movements. She is also one of the founders of the NAtional Organization for Women. -
Cesar Chavez
Cesar Chavez employed nonviolent means to bring attention to the plight of farmworkers, and formed both the National Farm Workers Association, which later became United Farmer Workers. As a labor leader, Chavez led Marches, called for boycotts and went on several hunger strikes. It is believed that Chavez's hunger strikes contributed to his death: He died on April 23,1993 in San Lis, Arizona. -
League of United Latin American Citizens
The League of United Latin American Citizens, has considered education its number one priority since it was established in 1929. -
Dolores Huerta
Dolores Huerta has worked to improve social and economic conditions for farm workers and to fight discrimination. To further her cause, she created the Agricultural Workers Association in 1960 and co-founded what wou;d become the United Farm Workers. -
Federal Housing Authority
An Federal Housing Authority refinance mortgage or new Federal Housing Authority loan allows for the refinance or purchase of a home with a low down payment. -
Social Security
President D. Roosevelt signed the Social Security Act into law,providing benifits for the elderly, women and children who had lost their family incomes, people with disabilites, and unemployed people. -
Barbra Jordan
Civil Rights and a lawyer/ educator who was a congresswoman who came from the deep south and was the first black woman elected to the Texas Senate (1966). Jordan won election to the U.S. House Representatives in 1972. -
Hector P. Garcia
Hector P. Garcia was a Mexican American doctor who became a strong and effective adocate for the civil rights of Mexican Americans. He believed in the American dream and lived it. -
Delgado V. Bastrop ISD
Delgado V. Bastrop ISD made the segregation of children of Mexican descent in Texas illegal. -
Congress on Radical Equality
Founded in 1943, the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) became one of the leading activist organizations in the early years of the early years of the American Civil Rights Movement. -
Mendez v. Westminister
In the case, Mendez v. Westminister School District, landed an important blow to school segregation in California. -
Martin King Luther Jr.
Martin Luther King Jr. led the U.S. Civil Rights Movement from the mid-1950s until his assasssination in 1968. Through his activism, he played a pivotal role in ending the legal segregation of African- American citizens in the South and other ares of the nation as well as the creation of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. -
Sweatt v. Painter
Racial separation by force of law was a historic custom in the United States until the decision of Sweatt v. Painter by the Supreme Court of the United States in 1950.The manner in which segregation of the races by state action in a variety of contexts became established at law, in the face of the Fourteenth Amendment's prohibiting a state from denying to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws, is perhaps best revealed by the case of Plessey v. Ferguson. -
Brown Versus Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
The U.S. Supreme Court case of Brown V. Board of Education is generally veiwed as the turning point in the Civil Rights Movement. Black children were denied admission to public schools attended by with children under laws requiring or permitting segregation according to the races. -
Hernandez V. Texas
In 1954, in Hernandez v. Texas, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled unanimously that the conviction of an agricultural labourer, Pete Hernandez, for murder should be overturned because Mexican Americans had been barred from participating in both the jury that indicted him and the jury that convicted him. -
Sonia Sotomayor
Sonia Maria Sotomayor is an Associat Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, serving since August 2009. Sotomayor is the Cout/s 11th justice, its first Hispanic justice, and its third female justice. -
Rosa Parks
Rosa Parks was a civil rights activist. She refused to give up her seat to a white person on a bus. She spurred a boycott city wide and helped with ending segregation of public facilities. -
Non-Violent Protests
Non-Violent Protest are basically protest without violence. Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1946 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, guaranteeiln basic civil rights for all Americans, regardless of race after nearly a decade of nonviolent protest and marches, ranging from the 1955-1956 Montgomery bus boycott to the student-led sit-ins of the 1960s to the huge March on Washignton in 1963. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
The Montgomery Bus Boycott, in which African Americans refused to ride city buses in Mongomery, Alabama, to protest segregated seating, took place from December 5, 1955, to December 20, 1965, and is regarded as the first large-scale demonstration against segregation in the U.S. -
Southern Christian Leadership Confrences
The Southern Christian Leadership Confrence was formed in 1957 just after the Mongomery Bus Boycott had ended. The Southern Christian Leadership Confrence's main aim was to advance the cause of civil rights in American but in a non-niolent manner. -
Civil Rights Act 1957
On September 9,1957, President D. Eisenhower signed into law the Civil rights Act of 1957. It was the first civil rights legislation since Reconstruction. -
Civil Rights Movement
The Civil rights movent in the United States begginning is the 1960s and led primarily by Blacks in an effor to establish the civil rights of individual Black citizens -
Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee
The Student Nonviolent Coordination Committee (SNCC) was founded in April 1960, by young people who had emerged as leaders of the sit-in protest movement initiated on Feburary 1, of that year by four black college students in Greensboro, North Carolina. -
Eleanor Roosevelt
Eleanor Roosevelt was born Ocotober 11, 1884, New York City and Died November 7, 1962. She was the longest-serving First lady of the United States, holding the post from 1933 to 1945 during her husbad Franklin D. Roosevelt's four terms in office. She attended school at Allenswood Acedemy in 1899 to 1902. -
March on Washington
The 1963 political rally know as the March on Washington for jobs and Freedom was a key moment in the struggle for Civil Rights. -
24th Amendment
The 24th Amendment Ended the Poll Tax on January 23, 1964. -
Great Society
The Great Society was a term for domestic policies of President Lydon Johnson. It saw the government as providing a hand up, not a handout. -
Civil Rights Act 1964
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national orgin. -
Jim Crow Laws
Jim Corw laws, in U.S. History, statues enacted by Southern states and municipalities, beginning in the 1880s, that legalized segregation between blacks and whites. The name is believed to be derived from character in a popular minstrel song. The Surpreme Court rulin in 1896 Plessy v. Feruson that seperate facilities for whites and blacks were constitutional encouraged the passgae of discriminatory lawas that wiped out the gains hade by blacks during Reconstruction. -
Upward Bound
The national Upward Bound Programs were first created in 1965 through Congressional Legislation as a response to the Civil Rights movement. -
Medicare
A federal system of health insurance for people over 65 years of age and for certain younger people with disablities. -
Tinker v. De Moines
In 1965, John Tinker, his sister Mary Deth, and a friend were sent home from school for wearing black armbands to protest the Vietnam War. The school had established a policy permitting students to were several political symbols, but had excluded the wearing of armbands protesting the Vietnam War. -
Head Start
The Child Development Group of Mississippi was unequestionanly the most famous Head Start program in Project Head Start's early years. It was created in the spring of 1965, the first season of the national Head Start progam's existence, when in every state and hundreds of localities, centres were being hastily developed. -
Voting Rights Act 1965
The Voting Rights of 1965, grew out of both public protest and private political negotation. -
Black Panthers
The Black Panther Party was a progressive political organization that stood in the vanguard of the most powerful movement for social change in America. -
National Organization for Women
NOW American activist organization (founded 1966) that promotes equal rights for women. -
United Farm Workers Organizing Committee
On August 22, 1966, the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee (UFWOC), later renamed the United Farm Workersof America (UFW), was formed. The UFWOC was established when two smaller organizations, the National Farm Workers Association (NFWA) and the Agriculural Workers Organizing Committe (AWOC), both in the middle of strikes against certian California frape growers, merged and moved under the umbrella of the AFL-CIO. -
25th Amendment
If the President of the United State dies in office, the Vice President will assume the position of the presidency. -
Militant Protests
Militant Protests were very agressive and or vigorous expeacially to support a cause. -
American Indian Movement
American Indian Movement (AIM), organization of the Native American Civil-Rights movement founded in 1968. Its purpose is to encourage self-determination amoung Native Americans and to establish international recognision of their treaty rights. -
La Raza Unida
The Raza Unida Party was established on January 17, 1970, at a meeting of 300 Mexican Americans ar Campestre Hall in Crystal City, Texas. -
26th Amendment
The 26th Amendment lowered the voting age from 21 to 18, allowing millions of young people to participate actively in the democratic process. -
Title IX
Title IX of the Educational Amendments of 1972 is the landmark legislation that bans sex discrimination in schools, wheter it be in acedemics or athletics. -
Affirmative Action
Affirmative action is one of the most effective tools for redressing the injustices caused by our nation's historic discrimination against people of color and women, and for leveling what has long been eradicated despite the gains made during the civil rights era. -
Edgewoor ISD V. Kirby
Edgewood ISD versus Kirby. In Edgewood Independent School District , a landmark case concerning public school finanace, the Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund filed suit against commissioner of education William Kirby on May 23,1984, in Travis County on behalf of the Edgewood Independent School District, San Antonio, citing discrmination against students in poor school districts.
