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Aliances
Dual Alliance (Germany and Austria-Hungary) -
Aliances
Triple Alliance: Italy joined the dual (France and Russia get nervous) -
Germany
1900-1914 Germany built 40 battleships and cruisers.
The Kaiser wanted Germany to be a major world power but he needed a bigger navy. -
Aliances
Franco-Russian Alliance against triple alliance -
Aliances
Entente Cordiale (Britain and France) -
crisis
The Moroccan crisis -
the conservative government
the Conservative Government set up a Royal Commission to look at the Poor Law -
Britain
Britain built the first Dreadnought -
Work's men compesation
Employers had to pay workers compensation for injuries and diseases it they had got them as a result of their work. It covered 6 million workers who hadn’t previously had any legal protection -
General Election and LEA
The Liberal Party won a landslide general election victory over the Conservatives.
The School Meals Act allowed LEAs (Local Education Authorities. They were in charge of running state schools) to supply free school meals paid for out of rates (local council tax) -
triple entente
Triple Entente (Russia, Britain and France) to fight against the Triple Alliance. -
Germany
Germany built its own version , but Britain had a new, bigger kind -
Balkan Crisis
One of the most problematic crisis was the crisis in the Balkans. -
Austrian invasion of Bosnia
Many people living there were Slavs, who wanted to unite with Serbia. The Austrian invasion was resented by the Slavic peoples everywhere, including Russia. Serbia wanted to unite the Slavic peoples in the region, and resented the invasion of Bosnia -
Winston Churchill and Willian Beveridge
They put together the Trade Board Act setting a minimum wage, and also worked on the Labour Exchanges Act, setting up job centres. -
The Aguadir Crisis
French troops sent to Fez to fight Moroccan rebels. Germany accused France of trying to take control over Morocco, and sent a warship (Panther), hoping to force France to give them the French Congo. Britain objected to the German action because they had a naval base nearby at Gibraltar (they sent warships to Agadir). Germany backed down and recognized French influence in Morocco (Germans felt anti-British) -
National Insurance
The Act came in two parts: health insurance and unemployment benefit -
Tension builds
The "conscription" was a custom in most Western countries and armies increased. -
One of the origin of the First World War
The Archduke was killed by a Serb student called Princip while he visited Sarajevo in June 1914. Princip was a Black Hand member. This assassination only triggered the war, it didn’t cause it. -
minimun wage
Two million workers were covered by the trade boards and so had the security of a minimum wage. -
Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary blames the Serbian government for the assassination, issuing a 10-point ultimatum. The ultimatum states that if Serbia doesn’t give up its independence, Austria-Hungary will send troops into Serbia -
The First World War
Serbia refuses to let these troops in. Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia -
Germany
Germany demands that Russia stop mobilizing -
Russia
Russia begins mobilizing troops ready to help Serbia -
Russia
Russia refuses. Germany declares war on Russia. France begins mobilizing to help Russia -
Germany
Germany declares war on France and sends troops through Belgium to attack, following the Schlieffen Plan -
Great powers
All the great powers of Europe marched to war.
Belgium is neutral, and Britain has agreed to protect Belgium. Britain orders Germany to withdraw. Germany refuses. Britain declares war on Germany.
Britain sent the BEF to help France and Belgium
After Ypres the British Army needed more men -
Austria-Hungary declares war on Russia.
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Warfare
Use gas axphyxiating
Petain general French top -
War of positions
Balkans are involving in war
The trench
War of Verdun
Somme campaign begins
Greece declares the war to the aliance -
submarine warfare
Submarine warfare during the First World War was in part a struggle between German U-Boats and supply convoys across the Atlantic to Britain final destination. The British and allied submarines carry a wide range of operations in the Baltic Sea, North Sea, Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea. Only a few activities took place outside the European-Atlantic theater of war. Attacks by German submarines to Allied merchant ships gave Americans a direct reason to enter the war in April. -
USA enters the War
American neutrality policy was changed when Germany announced in January 1917 that from 1 February resort to unrestricted submarine warfare against the British fleet and all ships were directed to this nation. United States had already expressed its opposition to unrestricted submarine warfare because it violated his rights as a neutral power , and had even threatened Germany with the rupture of diplomatic relations if it came to implementing this strategy . On 3 February, -
USA enters the War II
the United States broke diplomatic relations with Germany . That's when three days after the United States declared war on Germany .
The torpedoed by a German submarine fleet against the Lusitania ship where traveling U.S. 123 , caused a strong reaction in the U.S., which was prepared to officially enter the war on the side of the Allies. But he must first overcome a big problem: the massively recruit soldiers , as his army was very low. -
Entente offensive in belgium
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REVOLUTION IN RUSSIA WINS BOLSHEVIK
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Russia
Russia pulled out of the War in
In April the USA joined the Allies -
WILSON SETS FORTH THE 14 POINTS
Evacuation of all Russian territory , Russia giving full opportunity for self-development with the help of the powers.
Full restoration of Belgium in its full sovereignty and freedom .
Liberation throughout France and repair the damage caused by Prussia in 1871.
Resetting the Italian borders in accordance with the principle of nationality.
Opportunity for independent development of the peoples of Austria-Hungary .
Evacuation of Romania , Serbia and Montenegro, granting access to the sea for Serb -
WILSON SETS FORTH THE 14 POINTS
Security autonomous development of non-Turkish nationalities of the Ottoman Empire, and the Strait of free for all kinds of boats Dardanelles.
Declare Poland as an independent state , which also has access to the sea.
The creation of a general association of nations , to be by specific covenants for the purpose of mutually guarantee political independence and territorial integrity , both large and small states . -
ALEMANIA RETROCEDE DE FRANCIA
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RUSSIA SIGNS PEACE Brest-Litovsk
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Armistice in the Balkans
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Britain conquered the Middle East
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GUILLERMO II abdicates. REPUBLIC OF GERMANY
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THE KAISER WILLIAM II SIGNATURE Armistice GERMANY
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WILSON ENUNCIA LOS 14 PUNTOS
Conventions and no open secret diplomacy in the future.
Absolute freedom of navigation in peace and in war outside territorial waters, except when seas quedasen closed by an international agreement .
Disappearance , as much as possible , economic barriers.
Suitable for the reduction of national armaments guarantees.
Adjustment of colonial claims , so that the interests of the people deserve equal consideration to the aspirations of governments , the basis shall be determined , -
WORK OF THE "PEACE" OF VERSAILLES
The Treaty of Versailles was a peace treaty signed at the end of the First World War officially ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Countries. It was signed on June 28, 1919 in the Hall of Mirrors at the Palace of Versailles, exactly five years after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, one of the major events that had triggered the war. Although the armistice was signed months ago (11 November 1918) to end the fighting in the battlefield, -
Treaty St. Germain
The Treaty of Saint Germain-en-Laye was signed on September 10, 1919, by the victorious Allies of World War I on the one hand and by the new Republic of Austria on the other. As the Treaty of Versailles with Germany, contained the Covenant of the League of Nations and consequently was not ratified by the United States -
Treaty of Neully
Peace agreement signed at Neuilly-sur-Seine (France) on November 27, 1919 between the victors of the First World War and Bulgaria, which had been defeated. Under the terms of this treaty, Bulgaria had to cede small areas of its territory to the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later renamed as Yugoslavia), whose independence is recognized, and deliver to Greece Western Thrace, which lost its output the Aegean Sea. Also Dobruja was returned to Romania. -
Treaty of Tryanon
None of the Paris peace treaties were more drastic in its terms that the Treaty of Trianon. For this was not only Hungary but also dismembered mutilated. Even if we exclude Croatia, which had been united only in a federal tie to the other lands of the Holy Crown of St. Stephen - but remained one hundred years - The Hungarian properties were reduced to less than a third of its prewar area , a little more than 2/5 of its population. -
Treaty of Sèvre
Peace treaty between Turkey and the Allied powers (except for the Soviet Union and the United States) after the First World War. The agreement was signed on August 10, 1920 in Sèvres (France). Disintegrating Ottoman Empire and Turkey limited to the city of Constantinople and its surrounding territories, and part of Asia Minor. Turkey had to give Greece Eastern Thrace, Imbros, Tenedos and Smyrna; Armenia achieved independence and Kurdish autonomy. -
Washington Conference
USA, Br & Fr reduced size of Navies -
Rapallo Treaty
Rus & Ger resumed diplomatic relations -
The League of nations failed to sort out the Corfu Incident
Mussolini wanted both apologize and money compensation after the murder of Italian diplomat, invading the Greek island of Corfu. The League argued in favor of compensation. Finally, Mussolini received money and apologizes: the League was weak, very weak. -
Dawes Plan
plan to lend money to Germany and extend payments -
Geneva Protocol
to make countries use the League to sort out disputes -
Locarno Treaties
Germany agreed to western borders set at Versailles -
League of Nations
Germany’s economy was stronger and had been accepted into the League of Nations -
Kellogg-Briand Pact
65 nations agreed not to use force to settle arguments -
Young Plan
Reduced reparations by 75% gave Germany 59 years to pay