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Battle of Trafalgar
British naval supremacy is established and the way to the uncontested growth of the English Empire through naval superiority. France and England are enemies time to come. -
Battle of Jena
Germany is conquered by Napoleon Bonaparte and broken up and reshaped. The seed of German-Franco mistrust is set. -
Congress of Vienna
Europe matures from old mixed monarchies to modern states and nations. Rise of NATIONALISM, Greece becomes independent, nationalist revolts break out all over europe -
Period: to
Industrial Revolution
Begin of Industrial Revolution in Europe. This set the financial stone for European domination of the world. -
US Monroe Doctrine
America to the Americans, America warns European powers against intervention in America. -
German Industrial Revolution
Germany became first economic Nation in Europe. Under Prussian influence and their cult of MILITARISM enrose. An unpresedented ARMS RACE under Hindenburg and race for colonialism started. -
Unification of Italy
The 2nd War of Italian Independence began in April 1859. -
Franco-Prussian War
Prussia defeats France and ends French hegemonial dreams. Elsass / Lothringen falls to Germany and is a festering sore point for France, which starts
building massive fortifications between Switzerland and Belgium, Luxemburg, the precursor of the Maginot-line. Germany emerges as the biggest industrial nation and a new power in europe. the INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION in Europe has begun. It stands in contrast to the century old feudal system that money is tight to owning land. -
Unification of Germany
The formal unification of Germany into a politically and administratively integrated nation state officially occurred on 18 January 1871 at the Versailles Palace's Hall of Mirrors in France. -
Congress of Berlin
Blacan states are granted independence, Serbia, Montenegro, Romania, Bulgaria etc. -
Autro-German Alliance
binds the two Nations together. The first Axis states are formed with Germany, Austria and Hungary. The dangerous alliance between the biggest european power and a old ANTIQUATED OLIGARCHIC SYSTEM of Austria-Hungary. -
Franco-Russian Alliance
The first plans for a two-front war gets drawn out by the German General staff, German fear of encirclement is set. -
Van Schlieffen Plan
a thought-experiment of the German General Staff under the necessity and fear of a possible two-front war was set in place. What started as a hypothesis became known under “Aufmarschplan Nummer 17” - a deployment plan that involved the flanking of the French fortified lines by marching through Luxembourg and Belgium. At that time they were not operational plans but a question how to win a two-front war by invading France swiftly before Russia could mobilize the “Russian steamroller" -
Anglo-Russian Entente
The German encirclement fears are complete. Archenemy France is backed up by the mightiest Empire at that time. -
Bosnian Crisis
Austria-Hungary takes over the former Turkish province Bosnia. Serbia threatens Austria-Hungary with war. Russia mobilizes their troops. War is avoided when Russia backs down. -
Moroccan Crisis
this colony was given by Great Britain to France. Germany announced the support for Moroccan independence. A war is narrowly avoided. -
Fall of the Ottoman Empire
the “old sick man of the Bosphorus” breaks apart. Balkan war breaks out, the balkan states break free from Turkey and Serbia emerges as the new aggressive player in the Balkan. -
Anglo-French Entente
Entende cordiale ends colonial race and rivalry between French and British Colonial empire. Leads to German fear of total encirclement and German resentments having missed out on colonisation. The race for IMPERIALISM for Germany has begun to get left-overs to be colonized. -
Alliance between Germany and the Ottoman Empire
the axis splits europe in two parts with the western states, the balcan and the european part of Russia. -
assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand heir of the Habsburg dynasty and his wife in Sarajevo, Bosnia by Gavrilo Princip a Ethnic Serb and Yugoslav nationalist is the trigger that led to WW1. It was proven that the terrorist of the “Black Hand” had ties to Serbian Intelligence officials. Bitter feelings left over from the pig war between Austria-Hungary and Serbia led into an ultimatum to Serbia. Serbia asks Russia, as “protector of the Slaves” for help. -
Austria-Hungary makes an Ultimatum to Serbia.
Serbia was given a nearly unacceptable ultimatum by Austria-Hungary. Serbia accepted most of the terms but hedged on others and rejected those infringements upon Serbian sovereignty. Austria-Hungary declared July 28 war to Serbia. -
Russia mobilizes their troops
Russia still humiliated for in-aptitude to intervene during the Bosnian crisis and the first Balkan war rushed into assurances to Serbia. Germany assures Austria-Hungary it will stand behind any decision taken by the monarch. -
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World War 1
World War I, also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918. -
Germany declares war to Russia
Germany declares war to Russia. Germany marches through Luxembourg and disregards their neutrality. -
Germany declares war to France
Germany marches through Belgium -
Britain declares war to Germany
Great Britain declares war on Germany. At the same time the United States declare neutrality. Germans capture the fortress of Liege, Belgium. -
Multiple declarations of war
Montenegro declares war on Austria-Hungary. Austria-Hungary declares war on Russia. Serbia declares war on Germany. -
Battle of the Marne
Battle of the Marne the German offensive gets halted 18 miles before Paris. both parties start to dig themselves in and trench warfare begins. -
Battle of Tannenberg
On the East front German troops were pushed back but they succeeded in a massive defeat of part the Russian Army at Tannenberg. -
Italy enters the war
On this day in 1915, Italy declares war on Austria-Hungary, entering World War I on the side of the Allies—Britain, France and Russia -
siege of Verdun
German forces try to seize the fortress of Verdun and leave 600000 dead. -
Battle of the Somme
British rescue Verdun but lose 400000 soldiers, fail to break German lines. -
USA enters war
USA enters war on Allied side, her reasons were that Germany renewed unrestricted submarine warfare. The British passenger liner Lusitania was sunk by a German submarine , killing 128 Americans. The Zimmerman note was another reason why they entered the war. Germany had sent a telegram to the German Ambassador in Mexico. They offered German Alliances to Mexico, monetary help and the assurance that parts of the USA (Texas. New Mexico and Arizona) will fall back to Mexico. -
unrestricted submarine warfare
German Navy begins unrestricted submarine warfare -
Russian Revolution
Russian Revolution: The Tsarist Regime gets overthrown. Russia gets out of the war. -
Arab Revolts
Ottoman empire loses territories in the Middle East. -
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ends war on Eastern Front. The previous alliances are not honored. -
German Spring Offensive
German Spring Offensive is halted -
USA lands in Europe
Basically it was regarded as the fight between democratic versus autocratic nations.
The overall command was given to Major General John J. Pershing. American soldiers set foot on western front. They mobilized 4000000 personnel and suffered 110000 casualties. US soldiers arrived with a rate of 10000 soldiers a day, this was the tied that changed the war. -
Germans sue for armistice
Armistice on Nov. 11 ends the war -
Treaty of Versaille
the Treaty of Versaille was so unfavorable for the Germans, with unrealistic reparation payment were imposed that the stage for World War II was set.
