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Jun 1, 1215
Magna Carta (Continued)
tactics that gave the English many new rights that would later infulence the Enlightenment in later centuries Europe and even the American Revolutio -
Jun 1, 1215
Magna Carta
The Magna Carta, signed by King John and the Barons in 1215, gave the English more freedom and rights. That effectivley made England a Constitiutional Monarchy. They signed the Magna Carta while in a Salon (an assembly of guests in such a room, especially an assembly, common during the 17th and 18th centuries, consisting of the leaders in society, art, politics, etc.) called by the Barons who pressured the king to sign through blackmail and other such forceful tactics. -
English Petition of Right
The English Petition of Right was one of the documents that parlament blackmailed King Charles I to sign. It made it so that monarchs couldn't just arrest people because they wanted to. They also couldn't house troops in private houses without the owners concenting to the stay there. -
(Continued) Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems
sentence, they forced him to denounce his finding, otherwise his sentece would have been death. -
Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems
Galileo believed in the heliocentric theory that was highly frowned upon by the Catholic Church in the late 1590s to early 1600s. He invented the first telescope and wrote many influential books but the one that got him put under house arrest, the most influential was document "Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems". In the 1630s, Pope Urban VIII sent him to Rome to stand trial for suspected heresy and was sentanced to house arrest for the rest of his life. Before getting such a light -
Louis XIV
Louis XIV, later known as 'The Sun King', was born on September 5, 1638 in Saint-Germaine-en-Laye, France. His father died in 1643 He was crowned King of France in 1643 and began the major reforms he is known for in 1661 after Chief Minister Cardinal Jules Mazarin died and he truly gained power. He tried to make the city filled with art and built his own masterpiece, the Palace of Versailles. -
Treaty of Westphalia
The Treaty of Westphalia ended the Thirty Years' War. The end of it brought more tolerance for different religions. -
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The Enlightenment
The Enlightenment was a new generation of philosophers in the 1600s who believed in equal rights and questioned the religious power held by some churches, particularly the Catholic church. It centered, at its height, in Paris during the 1700s where they people would hold Salons (gatherings to discuss enlightenment beliefs in homes during the 1700s in Paris) in their houses in an attempt to keep up with the coming times and changes. It even reached- -
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The Enlightenment (Continued)
some monarchswho ruled according to the Enlightenment ideas, they were called Enlighenment Despos. The Enlightenment Despos which included rulers such as Frederick the Great of Prussia, Catherine the Great of Russia, and Joseph II of Austria. They used The Enlightenment Philosophes (ways of thinking and living) such as all men are equal and religion seperate from government in their ruling style both to prevent uprising and to stay in charge when the revolutions around them started. -
Thomas Hobbes of England
Thomas Hobbes of England believed that prople needed a strenuous, hanous government to keep peace, and safety in the kingdom. Hobbes called this exchange the social contract. He wrote many books on the subject including 'Leviathan' and 'The Elements of Law, Natural and Politic: Part I: Human Nature; Part II: de Corpore Politico with Three Lives' -
John Locke
John Locke dissagreed with Thomas Hobbes. He believed that people WERE naturally good therefore, they didn't need an absolute and overbearing government. His writing would eventually start todays Western Philosophy. -
British Bill of Rights
The British Bill of Rights gave parlament the right to petition the king. It also allowed the parlement members to have weapons or 'bear arms', similar to the American Bill of Rights. It also kept the king from unjustly prosecuting parlement members who don't agree and using cruel and unusual punishment on those who are justly prosecuted. -
Francois-Marie Arouet
Francois-Marie Arouet was huge in Paris during the 1700s until he made fun of The Duke of Orleans and Louis XV pointed it out. The Duke was beyond angry and sentenced Arouet to prison in Bastille for 11 months.He worked under the pen name Voltaire for his philosophical work and his own name for his plays and poetry such as his first play, Oedipe. He also wrote an epic poem about Henry IV titled La Henriade which he completed while still in prison. He was best known for his philosophy though. -
Jean-Jacques Rousseau of France
Jean-Jacques Rousseau of France thought that people were generally not only good but equal in every way. He thought that society caused corruption. If government wasn't there to control the socitety that would make people violate the social contract. -
Baron de Montesquieu
Baron de Montesquieu believed the best form of government included a separation of powers such as in democracy, three branches of government would make it so that no one branch could become too powerful. He influenced the structure of governments later on too, including that of the US and other democratic governed countries. -
The Constitution of the United States of America
The Constitution of the United States of America, influenced by many Enlightenment ideas such as all peple created equal, not only tore The US's connection with Europe but also lead to many other countries getting the same thing. Such as the French Revolution. Influenced by the American's success the French rebelled and had their own revolution with their own Constitution and Bill of Rights.
