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Thesis
The Enlightenment period affected the French Revolution greatly after the ideas of big Enlightenment thinkers were presented such as human rights, government rights, and a more stable economy; creating a great change of lives during the French revolution, similar to today and how the United States lets people use their rights in court or under the law -
Period: to
Enlightenment and Revolution
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Locke
“John Locke said people are born into the world with what are called natural rights and he said there are three basic natural rights of people and those rights are life people are born with their life obviously they are born with their liberty or their freedom and they are born with property and John Locke said because people are born with life liberty and property they know when those things are violated” (“Enlightenment Thinkers.”) -
Locke 2
Locke believed that everyone who is born into the world is born with three major rights life liberty and property and you essentially have the right to protect and fight for your rights. -
Voltair
“Voltaire believed above all in the efficacy of reason. He believed social progress could be achieved through reason and that no authority—religious or political or otherwise—should be immune to challenge by reason. He emphasized in his work the importance of tolerance, especially religious tolerance.” (Britannica) -
Voltaire 2
Voltaire essentially believed that there should be efficacy over reason. There should be efficacy over all things such as religion, authority, and politics. Otherwise, it’s immune to reason. -
Montesquieu
“Baron de Montesquieu (1689-1755) was an enlightened nobleman turned political philosopher, responsible for articulating a clear explanation of the separation of government powers.” (The Philosophies) What Montesquieu did was essentially help the people by saying that in order for the gov not to have too much power they must distribute the power evenly between every state or gov branch. -
Rousseau
“In The Social Contract, Rousseau sets out to answer what he takes to be the fundamental question of politics, the reconciliation of the freedom of the individual with the authority of the state.”(Stanford Encyclopedia) What Rousseau essentially said in the Social Contract Theory is that if the Government gives an idea that the people don’t like they can overthrow it. -
Tax Burden on the Third Estate
“In contrast, the Third Estate was forced to pay heavy taxes while the other two were exempted. This burdened the Third Estate leading to their questioning this unjust Estates System and planning to overthrow it.”(10 Major Causes of the French Revolution.) -
Tax Burden on the Third Estate 2
The bourgeoisie was once more being forced to pay extra taxes so they made a bad reputation for the third estate leading to them planning to overthrow it. This relates to Montesquieu which what he did was represent that the government had too much power and it must be divided and during this time the Estates system had too much power. -
Estates-General of 1789
"It had many privileges, including the collection of tithes. Tithes was one-tenth of annual produce or earnings taken as a tax for the support of the Church…. they were exempted from paying many taxes and were allowed to collect dues from peasants."(HISTORY CRUNCH) -
The Constitution of 1789 2
This is saying that because king Loui had too much power they had to make a constitution that defined the authority, structure, and power of the new government. So this relates to Rousseau because he wanted a social contract so that they had an agreement between the people and government so it gives them both rights. -
Estates-General of 1789 2
During this time the church was collecting taxes and the church didn’t have to do taxes because they were very close to the kings. It was unfair that they didn’t have to pay taxes because they kept the money all to themselves. This relates to Voltaire because he presented the idea to separate church and state. -
The Constitution of 1791
“A constitution would define the authority, structure, and powers of the new government. This would prevent or limit the abuses and injustices of the old order.” (Alpha History) -
Bourgeoise
“ …The French Revolution was described as a bourgeois revolution in which a capitalist bourgeoisie overthrew the feudal aristocracy in order to remake society according to capitalist interests and values, thereby paving the way” (Bourgeois/Bourgeoisie) -
Bourgeoisie 2
During this time the bourgeoisie was overthrowing the Feudal aristocracy. to remake their society because they were not getting their 3 rights completed. They overthrew the feudal aristocracy because they wanted the right to promote their own businesses and have land. This relates to John Locke because he presented the human rights life liberty and pursuit of property. -
Works cited 1
Bourgeois/Bourgeoisie · LIBERTY, EQUALITY, FRATERNITY: EXPLORING THE FRENCH REVOUTION. https://revolution.chnm.org/d/1066#:~:text=In%20the%20nineteenth%20century%2C%20most,values%2C%20thereby%20paving%20the%20way. Accessed 4 Mar. 2022. -
Works Cited 2
https:/\/learnodo-newtonic.com\/author\/anirudh#author. “10 Major Causes of the French Revolution.” Learnodo Newtonic, 1 Dec. 2018, https://learnodo-newtonic.com/french-revolution-causes. -
Works Cited 3
view, Log in or sign up to. “The Philosophes of 18th Century France.” French Revolution, 19 Nov. 2012, https://alphahistory.com/frenchrevolution/philosophes/#Montesquieu. -
Works Cited 4
“Voltaire.” Encyclopedia Britannica, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Voltaire. Accessed 4 Mar. 2022. -
Works Cited5
Byrd, Mr. “Enlightenment Thinkers.” YouTube, 18 Dec. 2013, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CP8k_f3PFq8. -
Works cited 6
Bertram. Jean Jacques Rousseau. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/rousseau/. Accessed 24 Feb. 2022. -
Works cited 7
view, Log in or sign up to. “The Constitution of 1791.” French Revolution, 1 Aug. 2020, https://alphahistory.com/frenchrevolution/constitution-of-1791/. -
Enlightenment Principals Today
Do to the idea of having rights, the rights these philosophers presented are still used today. people have to right to fight for their own well being as well as their right these philosophers gave us. Using their principals we are able to keep our government and our people safe.