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Robert Hooke
Birth: the 28th July in 1635, in Freshwater, UK.
Death: the 3rd March in 1703, in London, UK.
He was a very important English scientist.
In 1665, he was the first to discover geometrical tiny pores that he called "Cells", with a simple microscope made by him. -
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Birth: the 24th October in 1632, in Delft, Netherlands.
Death: the 26th August in 1723, in Deft, Netherlands.
He was a dutch merchant.
He was known as the "father of microbiology" (a science in charge of the study of microorganisms).
He improved microscope manufacturing and pioneered cell biology and microbiology.
In 1674, observed and described for the very first time living cells. These cells were microorganisms (bacteria and protozoa), that he called “animalcules”. -
Robert Brown
Birth: the 21st December in 1773, in Montrose, UK.
Death: the 10th June in 1858, in Soho Square, London, UK.
He was a Scottish physician, surgeon and botanist trained at the University of Edinburgh.
He discovered in 1831 a corpuscle inside the plant cells, called "cell nucleus" (the center of eukaryotic cells). -
Theodor Schwann (Friedrich Theodor Schwann)
Birth: the 7th December in 1810, in Neuss, Germany.
Death: the 11th January in 1882, in Cologne, Germany.
He was a Prussian naturalist, physiologist and anatomist.
In 1838, together with Matthias Schleiden, formulated the Cell Theory. They came to the conclusion that all living beings are composed of cells. He discovered what he called the Cells of Schwann (they are found in the peripheral nervous system that accompany neurons during their growth and development of their function). -
Matthias Schleiden (Matthias Jacob Schleiden)
Birth: the 5th April in 1804, in Hamburg, Germany.
Death: the 23rd June in 1881, in Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
He was a German botanist, biologist, university professor,
physiologist, and philosopher.
In 1838, together with the physiologist Theodor Schwann, he formulated the Cell Theory (explains the constitution of living beings on the basis of cells). Also, they came to the conclusion that all living beings are composed of cells. -
Rudolf Virchow (Rudolf Ludwig Karl Virchow)
Birth: the 13th October in 1821, in Swidwin, Poland.
Death: the 5th September in 1902, in Berlin, Germany.
He was a German pathologist, anthropologist, paleontologist, archaeologist, prehistorian, academic, university professor, paleoanthropologist, politician, and biologist.
In 1865, defended the idea that every cell came from a previous cell. -
Santiago Ramón y Cajal
Birth: the 1st May in 1852, in Petilla de Aragón.
Death: the 17th October in 1934, in Madrid.
He was a Spanish physician and scientist, specialized in histology and pathological anatomy.
In 1899, he discovered that brain and nerve tissue is made up of individual cells (neurons). His new theory, called "neuron doctrine", was the starting point of modern neuroscience. -
Theodor Boveri (Theodor Heinrich Boveri)
Birth: the 12th October in 1862, in Bamberg, Germany.
Death: the 15th October in 1915, in Würzburg, Germany.
He was a German embryologist.
He investigated the role of the nucleus and cytoplasm in embryonic development.
In 1902, together with Walter Sutton, discovered the “Chromosome Theory” (it‘s the scientific explanation of the transmission of certain characters through the genetic code that the living cell contains, which occurs between one generation of individuals and the next). -
Walter Sutton (Walter Stanborough Sutton)
Birth: the 5th April in 1877, in Utica, New York, United States.
Death: the 10th November in 1916, in Kansas City, Kansas, United States.
He was an American physician and geneticist.
In 1902, together with Theodor Boveri, discovered the “Chromosome Theory” (it’s the scientific explanation of the transmission of certain characters through the genetic code that the living cell contains, which occurs between one generation of individuals and the next). -
Lynn Margulis (Lynn Petra Alexander)
Birth: the 5th March in 1938, in Chicago, Illinois, United States.
Death: the 22nd November in 2011, in Amherst, Massachusetts, United States.
She was an American biologist.
In 1967, presented his “Serial Endosymbiosis Theory or Endosymbiotic Theory” (describes the passage of prokaryotic cells to eukaryotic cells by symbiogenetic incorporations of bacteria).
