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1551
Caccini (1551-1618)
One of the founders of opera; gave a description of the new singing style in his book of "songs" of 1602 "Le nuove musiche"; Italian composer, singer, teacher and instrumentalist. -
1557
Gabrieli (ca. 1557-1612)
Italian composer and organist; noted for his use of instruments in his sacred music; nephew of Andrea. -
1561
Peri (1561-1633)
One of the founders of opera; claimed to be the first in 1597 with his Dafne; significant contribution to monody and the recitative style. -
1567
Monteverdi (1567-1643)
The most important composer of the early Baroque; one of the inventors of the new seconda pratica -
Frescobaldi (1583-1643)
First modern keyboard virtuoso & composer; he was the most influential keyboard composer of the early Baroque; first European composer tp focus on instrumental music -
Gibbons (1583-1625)
English; composer of the Anglican Church anthems; keyboardist; a leading composer in 17tth-century England -
Schutz 1585-1672
Most important German composer of the Middle Baroque; studied in Venice; reportedly composed the first German opera , which we lost. -
Francesca Caccini(1587-1641)
Daughter of Julio; the first composer to have an Italian opera staged outside of Italy; virtuoso singer and teacher -
Euridice
First extant opera, by Caccini and Peri (the inventors of opera) -
Period: to
Early Baroque
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Period: to
Early Baroque Style
-Caccini's Publication of 1601
-Monody: secunda prattica
-Basso continuo part -
Period: to
Forms
Concertos: ritornello form; small group vs a larger group
Baroque Sonatas: usually used binary forms -
Carissimi (1605-74)
A leading composer of Roman cantatas and oratorios; teachers of Charpentier. -
Telescope
The first telescopes were created in the Netherlands. -
Period: to
The Thirty Year's War
A series of wars fought by European nations for various reasons, ignited in 1618 over an attempt by the king of Bohemia to impose Catholicism throughout his domains. -
Strozzi (1619-77)
Virtuoso singer and most prolific composer of cantatas in the 17th century; adopted daughter of poet, Guilio Strozzi -
Legrenzi (1626-90)
Italian composer and organist; influenced in the middle Baroque; used many (up to 90) short arias in his operas -
Lully (1632-87)
Establisher of French opera and ballet; dancer and violinist; Italian by birth, but claimed by France.
-16 operas, 30 ballets, motets, instrumental works -
Opera House
The first public opera house: Venice -
The Coronation of Poppea
Composed by Monteverdi when he was 75; his final opera; premiered in Venice. -
Bieber (1644-1794)
Bohemian -Austrian composer and violinist; one of the most important composers for violin.
-catholic sacred music, violin sonatas and ensemble music -
Blow (1648,49-1708)
English composer of odes; teacher of Purcell; organist
-Instrumental anthems, sacred words, over 100 songs, duets and trios -
L'astratto (The Distracted One)
A cantata by Strozzi; In Italian: basso continuo accompaniment (theorbo, and harpsichord) -
Period: to
Middle Baroque
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Period: to
Mid-baroque cantatas (1650s)
Usually secular; In Italian: composed for 1 or 2 singers with basso continuo and possibly a small string ensemble; texts often about love. -
Pachelbel (1653-1706)
German composer and organist; a leading composer of his time
-liturgical organ music, protestant church music, 2 masses, other keyboard works. -
Corelli (1653-1713)
Most important Italian composer of sonatas and concertos; also the most influential violinist of the Baroque.
-Master of Trio Sonota -
Torelli (1658-1709)
Contributed the most to the development of the concerto around 1700; wrote for trumpet and strings; virtuoso violinist -
Purcell (1659-95)
Most important English composer in the 17th century.
-Works included: songs, anthems, sacred music, 6 stage works, keyboard works. -
Scarlatti (1660-1725)
Important Italian composer; teacher in Naples; his death ends Baroque opera; teacher of many galant composers to come -
Couperin (1668-1733)
French composer, keyboardist; one of the most important French composers
-sacred and secular vocal works, 27 sets of keyboard works -
Biber: Sonata No.1
Praeludium for violin and basso continuo; violin part uses a virtuostic style similar to vocal singing. -
Vivaldi (1678-1741)
Italian composer; he laid the foundations for late baroque instrumental music; teacher; pioneer of orchestral music; but, virtually forgotten by his contemporaries at his death -
Telemann (1681-1767)
The most prolific German composer of his day; more popular than J.S Bach during the Baroque; contributed significantly to concert life in Germany -
Rameau (1683-1764)
French composer and theorist; known first as a theorist
-30+ dramatic works, cantatas, arias, keyboard works, etc. -
Handel (1685-1759)
German musician; lived in England, inventor of the English oratorio; Beethoven respected him above all others -
Bach (1685-1750)
Considered the Baroque master; wrote NO operas; master of counterpoint; he became an icon for future generations and is still one of the most revered composers today
-205+ cantatas (mostly Lutheran), masses, motets, suites, etc. -
Dido & Aeneas
An opera in a prologue and three acts, written by composer Henry Purcell. -
Period: to
The Salem Witch Trials
A series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft in colonial Massachusetts. -
Vinci (ca. 1696-1730)
Galant Italian composer; leader (for a time) of the new style of Italian opera -
Quantz (1697-1773)
German composer; flutist and flute teacher for Fredrick the Great in Berlin -
Steam Engine
Tomas Savery is credited, an engineer is credited with inventing a patented machine that could effectively draw water from flooded mines using steam pressure. -
17th Century Genres
-Opera
-Cantatas
-Oratorio
-Arias not attached to a larger genre
-All influenced by the idea of recitative aria found in the new Baroque operas. -
Period: to
Late Baroque
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Handel's Water Music
Performed for a royal party on the Thames River in London; 22 movements. -
The Art of Fugue, BWV 1080, "Contrapunctus 1"
Published in 1751; A visual representation of the imitative polyphony