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Expulsion of a Student for Poor Academics
During this time, the Supreme Court ruled that a child could be expelled because of poor academics in school in Massachussetts -
Student With Cerebral Palsy Denied From School
It was said that he “produce[d] a depressing and nauseating effect upon the teachers and school children,” (Smith,
2004). For this reason, he was not allowed to go to school at this place in Wisconsin, -
Brown v. Board of Education
"In Brown v. Board of Education (1954), it was determined that segregation on the basis of race violated equal educational opportunity. The Brown decision led the way to a growing understanding that all people, regardless of race, gender, or disability, have a right to a public education," (Esteves & Row). -
Period: to
No Requirement in Regards to Special Education
"Although funding for special education programs and training increased following Brown, school districts still had the right to choose whether or not to participate in special education incentive programs throughout the mid-1960s (Smith, 2004)," (Esteves and Rao). -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
"...schools began receiving federal monies for public
education. A year later, an amendment to the act set aside funds specifically for students with disabilities (Yell, Drasgow, Bradley, & Justesen, 2004)," (Esteves & Rao). -
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act Passed
"In 1973, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act stated that a person with a disability cannot be excluded or denied benefit
from any program or activity receiving federal financial assistance, either public or private," (Esteves & Rao). -
IDEA Signed
"President Gerald Ford signed the Education for All Handicapped Children Act, currently known as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)," (Esteves & Rao). It was finally legalized and required for those who needed special education to go to school and get proper accessibility. However, there was no definition of the degree of education that was sufficient in regard to this act. -
Board of Education of Hendrick Hudson Central School District v. Rowley
"The court ruled that students who qualify for special education services must have access to public school programs that meet their unique educational needs and that the programs must be supported by services that enable students to benefit from instruction (Yell et al., 2004)," (Esteves & Rao). -
The ADA
" The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 requires the additional compliance of school districts and institutions that do not receive federal aid," (Esteves & Rao). -
Period: to
Additions to IDEA
"Additional amendments to IDEA in 1997 shifted the
focus from providing access to public education services to providing meaningful and measurable programs for all students with disabilities (Hardman &
Nagle, 2004)," (Esteves & Rao). From 1997 to 2008, more and more amendments were added. It was also made a rule that there must be a stated reason as to why a student was pulled from the original classroom. RTI became a common practice in this time period and was adopted by more and more schools. -
Citation
Esteves, K. J., & Rao, S. (2008). The Evolution of Special Education. National Association of Elementary School Principals. http://www.naesp.org/sites/default/files/resources/1/Principal/2008/N-Oweb2.pdf