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1469
Isabella and Ferdinand unify Spain
As a part of their marriage, a treaty was signed between Ferdinand and Isabella stating Castile would become formally superior over Aragon. -
Period: 1485 to 1509
Henry Vlll resigns in England
He resigned because he wanted to marry Anne Boleyn and believed she could produce an heir. -
Period: 1558 to
Elizabeth l reigns England
She was succeeded to the throne after her half-sister's death. She was fluent in five languages and had inherited intelligence, determination, and shrewdness. Her rain is considered one of the most glorious in English history. -
Edict of Nantes
Granted religious tolerance and equality to Huguenots and ended the French Wars of Religion. -
Don Quixote is published
A spanish novel that was published in two parts. It was considered a founding work of Western literature. Often labelled as the fist modern novel. -
Period: to
Thirty Years War
The cause for the war was that Emperor Ferdinand forced Catholicism throughout the region, which mad protestants fear losing their rights to worship. -
Petition of Right signed
The Petition of Right sought for four principles, no taxation without the consent of Parliament, no imprisonment without cause, no quartering of soldiers on subjects, and no martial law in peacetime -
The Long Parliament
An English Parliament that lasted twenty years following the fiasco of the Short Parliament. -
Period: to
Louis XlV reigns as King of France
Also known as "Louis the Great" or "The Sun King". he reigned 72 years and 110 days, the longest of any sovereign. -
Peace of Westphalia is signed
The Peace of Westphalia formally ended the Thirty Years' War. -
Thomas Hobbes publishes "Levaithan"
Also known as "The Matter, Forme and Power of a Commonwealth Ecclesiastical and Civil" is a book written about the relationship of society and rulers. -
Period: to
Charles ll reigons England
King of England, Scotland, and Ireland. -
Period: to
Peter the Great reigns as czar of Russia
Peter the Great westernized Russia from 1696 to 1725. -
Glorious Revolution
The sequence of events that led to the deposition of James ll and Vll -
English Bill of Rights singed
The English Bill of Rights is a bill that firmly established the principles of frequent parliaments, free elections, and freedom of speech. -
John Locke publishes "Two treatises of Government"
A political philosophy states that we can use the idea of a state of nature to justify a proper government. -
Daniel Defoe publishes "Robinson Crusoe"
A novel about a man cast away on an island in the Caribbean for 26 years. -
Sebastian Bach height of his career
He has been put in charge only of music for festival services at St. Pauls's church thanks to his petition. -
Jonathan Swift publishes "Gulliver's Travels"
Also known as "Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World" is about the voyages of Lemuel Gulliver as he ventures to unchartered regions of the world where he finds new civilizations and encounters "fantastical beings." -
Period: to
Fredrick ll reigns Prussia
Fredrick was known to be a lavish patron of the arts and he enriched Prussia's physical infrastructure greatly. -
Baron de Montesquieu publishes "The Spirit of Laws"
The Spirit of Laws is a study of the three types of government, republic, monarchy, and despotism -
Denis Diderot publishes his "encyclopedia"
A twenty-eight volume refrence book . -
Period: to
Seven Years War
A war fought between France and Great Britian that began as a dispute over North American land claims. -
Voltaire publishes "Candid"
A gentile man who, though pummeled and slapped in every direction by fate, clings desperately to the belief that he lives in "the best of all possible worlds" -
Period: to
George lll reigns England
He was the first fully British monarch of the Hanoverian kings Ruling Britain was his priority and he never visited his family in Hanover. -
Jean Jacque Rousseau publishes "Social Contract"
Social Contract is a theory that people live together in society in accordance with an agreement that establishes moral and political rules of behavior. -
Period: to
Catherine Great reigns Russia
She established educational reform, championing the arts, and extending Russia's borers. -
Period: to
Joseph ll reigns Austria
A co-regent of Austria with his mother Maria Theresa and sole ruler. -
Boston Massacre
A British Riot that lead to nine British soldiers shot, and many more being harrassed by a group of 400 people that threw things at them. -
Boston Tea Party
An American political and mercantile protest. -
Intolerable Acts
A series of four laws passed by the British Parliament to punish the colony of Massachusetts Bay for the Boston Tea Party -
Battle of Lexington and Concord
First major military campaign during the Revolutionary War. -
Adam Smith Published "Wealth of Nations"
The Wealth of Nations was a book about our individual need to fulfill self-interest results in societal benefit -
Declaration of Independence signed
Occured at the Pennsylvania State House in Philadelphia. The Continental Congress Signed it. -
Battle of Yorktown
The battle that won America's Independence -
Treaty of Paris
The Treaty of Paris ended the War of the American Revolt. -
US Constitution ratified
The world's longest surviving written charter of government. -
Decleration of the Rights of Man
The decleration sets out the "natural and inalienable" rights, aka freedom, ownership, security, resistance to oppression. -
Storming of the Bastille
The Storming was seen by the revolutionaries as a symbol of the monarchy's abuse of power. -
Tennis Court Oath
The members of the French Third Estate took the Jeu De Paume Oath in the tennis court which had been built for the Palace of Versailles. -
Women's March on Versailles
This march was prompted by the high price of bread, food scarcity, and by rumors that the Tricolor of the revolution had been trampled on an derided by the royalist troops. -
Declaration of the Rights of Woman
Written on 9/14/1791 by a French activist, feminist, and playwright Olympe de Gouges in response to the Declaration of the Rights of Man. -
Mary Wollstonecraft publishes "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman"
a book with strictures on Political and Moral subjects considered one of the earliest works of feminist philosophy. -
National Convention Formed
A constituent assembly of the Kingdom of France for one day and the French First Republic for its first three years during the French Revolution. -
Period: to
Radical Phase of the French Revolution
During the radical phase of the French Revolution, France was made a republic abolishing the monarchy and executing the king. -
Committee of Public Safety created
A committee of the National Convention that fomred the provisional government. -
Reign of Terror during the French Revolution
A period of the French Revolution when a series of massacres and numerous public executions took place in response to revolutionary fervor. -
Five Man Directory created
A governing five-member committee in the French first republic. -
Napoleon Bonaparte becomes Emperor
an architect of France's recovery following the Revolution before setting out to conquer Europe. -
Battle of Austerlitz
A battle that occurred near the town of Austerlitz, Nearly 158,000 troops were involved and about 24,000 were killed or injured -
Battle of Trafalgar
A war between the British Royal Navy and the combined fleets of the French and Spanish Navies. -
Battle of Leipzig
War fought from 10/16 to 10/19 at Leipzig, Saxony. -
Napoleon Exiled to Elba
He was exiled after his disastrous campaign in Russia ended in defeat. -
Period: to
Congress of Vienna
A series of international dipolmatic meetings to discuss and agree with a new layout of the European political and constitutional order. -
Napoleon Exiled to St. Helena
Napoleon was exiled to St.Helena after he was defeated by the British at the Battle of Waterloo.