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For the blind
A school for the blind was opened in 1784 by a man named Valentine Huay after he watched blind men as an act in a freak show. -
Education for the Disabled
Jean-Marc Gaspard Itard establishes the principles and methods used today in the education of the mentally disabled through his controversial work with Victor, the "wild boy of Aveyron." -
Physicians interests
Few Physicians were interested in Children with disabilities. Two doctors Jean-Marc Itard and Edouard Seguin tries to teach children with delays. -
Communites Interest
There were a few classes that helped children with disabilities. -
CEC
Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) was founded to organize teachers who helped children with exceptionalities. -
Dyslexia
Samuel Orton began a study of dyslexia. He hypothesized that it could be neurological versus visual, and that it was likely connected to left-handedness. His first assumption is right. His second one, not so much. -
Early Intervention
Early childhood programs begin in the early 1930's. -
"nothing could be done"
It was believed that children with disabilities could not be helped so the parents were encouraged to place their children in institutions and orphanages. -
Post WWII
Special programs for children with exceptionalities in the states of California and Illinois were beginning to emerge. -
Brown v. Board of Education
This case was a school desegregation case to began to reestablish the rights of minority citizens. -
Heredity
Up until 1960, it was believed that heredity was the cause for disabilities whether they were giftedness or mental disability. -
Environments role
A major movement that stressed how environment played a role in creating or worsening disabilities. -
Children with disablities included
Children with disabilities were excluded from early childhood programs until the 1960's. -
Public Law
Public Law also known as (PL) 88-164, authorized funds for training professionals to work with children that had special needs. -
FAPE
A case Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children (PARC) v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania was a case that decided that children with IDD could not be excluded from school and had the right to a FAPE,( free and appropriate public education). -
Unchained
A physician in Paris removes the chains of the mentally ill at an asylum. Some had been chained to the walls for 30 years. -
Congress and Legislature
Congress had assigned legislation to provide help for children with exceptional needs. Still some disorders were not well-known. -
Public Law 94-142
Congress passed PL-94-142, whch is called the Education for All Handicapped Children Act. It didn't take effect until 1977. -
Larry P. v. Riles
Children shouldn't be labeled "handicapped or put in special education without diagnosis that takes their cultural and linguistic backgrounds into consideration. -
Jose P. v. Ambach
Bilingual children who are exception need to be identified, evaluated, and educational procedures need to reflect their dual-language backgrounds. -
Board of Education v. Rowley
Children with disabilities are entitles to appropriate but not optimum education. -
Public Law 99-457
The law formally known as The Education for All Handicapped Children Act was misnamed. It did not include children of all ages. the title was changed to Individuals with Disabilities Education Act or IDEA. -
Polk v. Central Susquehanna Intermediate Unit 16
sufficient support for children with disabilities must be provided and can benefit the children educationally. -
Heredity and Environment
There was a shift in views the heredity and environment played a role in the effects the can result in behavioral changes. -
Barnett v. Fairfax County Board of Education
Allowed a child to attend a school several miles from her home because she had a hearing disability and the school met her needs better. -
Greer v. Rome City SChool District
Child with Down syndrome was placed in general education programs rather than in a special education class because the inclusion priority that was mentioned in IDEA. -
Americans with Disablities Act of 1992
The act PL 101-336, guaranteed rights to people with disablities no matter what race, color, national origin, gender, or religion -
Oberti v. Board of Education of the Borough of Clementon School District
court ruling that the school is responsible for demonstrating that a child's disability is severe enough that they will receive little benefit from inclusion or that they will be so disruptive to other children. -
No Child Left Behind Act of 2001
Public Law (PL 107-110), No Child Left Behind (NCLB), was designed to hold schools and educators responsible for bringing students to a minimum level of competency. -
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Individuals with Disbailities Education Act 2004
The reauthorization of the original legislation IDEA act was designed to improve earlier versions. -
Henrico County School Board v. R. T.
A judge found a public school knowingly failed to provide appropriate educational programs to a child with autism and they were awarded reimbursement for private school costs. -
L.I. b. Maine School Administrative District
A child with Asperger's syndrome was denied special education services because she performed well academically. Courts ruled she should have special education. -
Winkleman v. Parma City School District
Supreme Court ruled that parental participation in special education process is crucial to endure that children with disabilities receives a FAPE. -
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
The goal of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act was to stimulate economic activity in areas that included financial and social institutions to ensure the health of out nation. -
Drobnicki v. Poway United School District
When a school board scheduled an IEP meeting when parents could not attend, the U.S. Courts declared that was denying a child of receiving a FAPE. -
Changing a name
The name mentally retarded was changed to intellectually and developmentally delayed somewhere between 2010-2013.