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Brown v. Board of Education
Brown v. Board of Education began with Linda Brown who was a young black girl who was racially profiled on the basis of her skin color. During this time, Plessy v. Ferguson court case stated that “separate but equal” complied with the 14th Amendment of equal protection. When Brown wanted to attend an all white school, she was refused due to the color of her skin. The Supreme Court made a unanimous decision stating that racial segregation in public education was unConstitutional. -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
ESEA gave grants to schools to educate children with disabilities. It also aimed to give children fair and equal opportunities to achieve an amazing education. -
PARC v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
PARC sued the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania for a law that allowed public schools the right to deny free education to children who were at the age eight but mentally at the age of five. This was one of the first major cases to help give equality to children with disabilities. It ruled that children from six to twenty-one years old would be given free public education regardless of their disability. Training and education given to all students has to match to those with disabilities as well. -
Mills v. Board of Education
Mills was a law suit where seven children and others sued the Board of Education for excluding them from school due to having behavioral problems or for being mentally retarded. The court ruled that there would be funds given to these children but if there wasn't enough funds than the money would have to be portioned out in order that no child was denied public education. In the end, the court ruled a plan to make sure that children would receive their right to equal protection under the law. -
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act
Section 504 helps protect children and adults with disabilities in public schools from discrimination as well as remove barriers for those with disabilities in learning programs and activities. -
Least Restrictive Environment
This gives children with IEPs to be in regular educational classes as well. This helps these children to social experiences as well as getting the help they may need. -
Education of All Handicapped Children Act
EHA required public schools who use federal funds to allow equal access to children with disabilities. In 1990, IDEA replaced EHA to put more focus on individuals rather than the condition that an individual may have. Later, this was improved in 2004 to align it with the No Child Left Behind Act. Both IDEA and NCLB, make sure schools help children with disabilities achieve high standards. -
Handicapped Children's Protection Act
This act allowed parents to have more of a say in the growth of their child’s Individual Education Plan also known as an IEP. This grew the education for children with disabilities so that parents of children can help them receive the things they need. -
Americans with Disabilities Act
This act promises people with disabilities the same rights as others in regards of school and work. It also stated that those with disabilities cannot be discriminated in school, work, and public discrimination. This pushed for more acceptance in the educational environment. -
IDEA Part B
This part states that schools are required to teach children with disabilities. It also explains how IDEA can provide financial support to the districts for children with disabilities. -
IDEA Part A
Part A has the basic information for the rest of the Act. It states the creation of the Office of Special Education Programs which carries out the terms of the rest of the act. -
IDEA Part C
This part is for children from birth to two years of age with disabilities. The Individualized Family Service Plan is also mentioned in this part which describes the goals for the child, the services to be provided, and steps to transition children into public schooling. -
IDEA Part D
Explains how their are activities to improve education for children with disabilities. It also provides resources such as support programs, projects and activities children with disabilities can be involved in. On December 3 of 2004, they made many changes to IDEA including IEP, due process, and student discipline. -
RESOURCES
http://www.afb.org/info/afb-national-education-program/jltli-2005-education-summary/summary-of-key-sections-of-the-idea-of-2004-pl-108-446/235
http://usedulaw.com/438-mills-v-board-of-education-of-the-district-of-columbia.html
https://personalliberty.com/the-result-of-brown-v-board-of-education-of-topeka/
https://www2.ed.gov/policy/speced/leg/idea/history30.html
