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Brown v. Board of Education
A U.S. Supreme Court decision that ruled segregation of students in public schools as unconstitutional. Thus, allowing a beginning of equal education to all students despite race.
Source: https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/brown-v-board-of-education-of-topeka -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
This act specifically addresses the unfair treatment and lack of education for children from poor economic backgrounds. This act was created in order to provide external tools to help underprivileged students have equal access to education. This law was amended the next year to include a grant program to more specifically help these students.
Source: https://www.wrightslaw.com/law/art/history.spec.ed.law.htm -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act, PL 94-142
This legislation was created in order to ensure that all handicapped children's right to an education were met and not hindered. This law also gave the state a responsibility provide an equal education to handicapped children.
Source: https://www.wrightslaw.com/law/art/history.spec.ed.law.htm -
Hudson v. Rowley
This was a case concerned with a 1st grade girl who was deaf. She had a trial period in school with an in-class interpreter. After this period, it was declared by the school that Rowley did not need the interpreter. Her parents claimed she could only really understand 60% of what was being said in class. The judge ruled that Rowley was not receiving an equal right to education.
Source: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Board-of-Education-of-the-Hendrick-Hudson-Central-School-District-v-Rowley -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
IDEA was originally created in order to provide services to students with learning disabilities that will help them improve their learning. These special services must be freely available to the student.
Source: https://sites.ed.gov/idea/about-idea/ -
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
This act was created to prohibit society from discriminating against people based on their disabilities. More specifically, one cannot keep a person with disabilities from getting a job, going to school, using public transportation, or using public restrooms.
Source: https://adata.org/learn-about-ada -
No Child Left Behind Act
This act was created to update the ESSA. This update of the act was focused on the increased responsibility of the state and the school to boost academic progress of all students.
Source: https://www.edweek.org/ew/section/multimedia/no-child-left-behind-overview-definition-summary.html -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act
Changes have been made to the original EHA almost every five years. These frequent changes are made in order to create more specifics and create efficient updates to the due process.
source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IDEA_2004 -
Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)
The ESSA is another revision of the NCLB Act. This revision looks to improve specific educational programs and to properly train future educators.
Source: https://www.parentcenterhub.org/essa-reauth/ -
Endre F. v. Douglas County School District
This case centered around 5th grade, autistic Endrew. His parents placed Endrew in private school because they felt he was not receiving an adequate public education. The parents brought their reasoning for reimbursement of his private school finances. It was concluded in favor that Endrew was not receiving adequate public education because he was not offered an Individualized Education Program (IEP).
Source: https://www.oyez.org/cases/2016/15-827
