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Plessy v. Ferguson
This Supreme Court case stated that separate facilities between blacks and whites could still be equal. This set up Jim Crow laws that would remain in place until 1954. -
Brown v Board of Education
This was a Supreme Court case that decided separate facilities are inherently unequal. This was the beginning of the civil rights movement and helped set the stage for special education. -
Pennsylvania Assn. for Retarded Children v.Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (PARC)
This lawsuit was against the exclusion of students with mental retardation. It also had provisions for parents to dispute the decisions made for their child. -
Mills v. Board of Education
This lawsuit was against the exclusion, suspending or expelling students with disabilities. The defense cited the high cost of car for these students. This sparked a study into the car of students with disabilities and found that many were not appropriately placed. -
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act
This act stated that organizations were not allowed to discriminate based of mental capabilities. It stated what rights they had and ensured they received educational benefits. -
Educational Amendment of 1974
This amendment combine some of the provisions from previous lawsuits. Its main focus was federal funding for programs that served students with disabilities. -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1970
This act required that all schools receiving federal funding must put provisions in place for student that had a physical or mental disability to obtain equal education. This put in a system of checks and balances to protect the children. -
Department of Education created
The establishment of the Department of Education in 1979 removed it from under the Department of the Interior. Its purpose was to oversee education and funding of educational programs. -
Hendrick Hudson School District v. Rowley
This lawsuit established Free and Appropriate Public Education (FAPE). This clarified that students are entitled to accommodations that fit their needs. This was termed Individualized Education Plan or IEP/ -
Individuals with Disabilities Act
Also known as IDEA, this act ensures that students with disabilities get the assistance that suits their needs. It also protects the rights of students and their parents
