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Massachusetts Compulsory Attendance Law
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Brown v. Board of Education
Brown v. Board of Education was a landmark Supreme Court case that ruled separate but equal was not equal and was unconstitutional. This was important to Special Education because it started a civil rights movement to integrate individuals with disabilities into every aspect of life.
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Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act represented an important landmark commitment to equal access to a quality education. This Act funds both primary and secondary education, emphasizing high standards and accountability. Link Text -
Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Citizens (PARC) v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
The court decision resulted in the state agreeing to provide a free public education for children with mental retardation. Link text -
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Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act is a federal civil rights law that protects anyone with a disability from being discriminated against in public schools. It specifically protects students who do not qualify under IDEA, such students who have ADHD. This act also ensures that students receive any necessary accommodations, assistive technology, and school services. Link Text -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA)
The Education for All Handicapped Children Act required that all public schools accepting federal funds to provide equal access to education for individuals with disabilities. This act also contains a provision that individuals with disabilities should be placed in the least restrictive environment (LRE). Link Text -
Board of Education of Hendrick Hudson Central School District v. Rowley
The court ruled that the school district was not required to provide a sign language interpreter and was not in violation of EAHCA. The district was actually providing the student, Amy, an adequate education. The district is not required to go over and beyond for students but is only required to provide an adequate education.
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Technology-Related Assistance for Individuals with Disabilities Act
The Technology-Related Assistance for Individuals with Disabilities Act provided funding to develop statewide, consumer-responsive information, and training programs designed to meet the assistive technology (AT) needs of individuals with disabilities. Link Text -
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
The Americans with Disabilities Act is a civil rights law that protects individuals with disabilities from discrimination in schools, jobs, transportation, and all public and private places open to the general public. Link Text -
No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act
The NCLB Act held schools accountable for how students learned and achieved success, including annual statewide testing, academic progress (including those in special education), penalties for schools that did not meet adequate yearly progress, and reasonable accommodations for statewide testing for individuals who have an IEP or 504 plan. Link text -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEIA)
IDEIA is a federal law that supports special education and related service programming for individuals with disabilities. This act ensures that children with disabilities be granted free appropriate public education (FAPE) in the least restrictive environment (LRE), advocacy, and nondiscriminatory evaluations, and provisions in IEP, protection in evaluation processes, and due process. Link Text -
Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)
"ESSA is a federal law that provides all children a significant opportunity to receive fair, equitable, and high-quality education, and to close educational achievement gaps." This act replaced and updated the NCLB Act. Link text
